Disparities in Hypertension Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment and Control between Bouyei and Han: Results from a Bi-Ethnic Health Survey in Developing Regions from South China.

Hypertension is highly prevalent in low-income population. This study aims to investigate ethnic disparities in hypertension and identify modifiable factors related to its occurrence and control in developing regions in South China. Blood pressure was measured in the Bouyei and Han populations during a community-based health survey in Guizhou, 2012.

[Prevalence and associated risk factors of diabetes among ethnic Han residents in Guizhou].

Objective: To understand the fast plasma glucose (FPG) level and the epidemiologic characteristics of diabetes in ethnic Han residents of Guizhou province.

Methods: The survey was conducted among the ethnic Han residents aged 20-80 years, who were selected through multi stage cluster sampling in Guizhou. Basic laboratory test, physical examination were performed for each subject.

Prevalence of Obesity and Related Factors among Bouyei and Han Peoples in Guizhou Province, Southwest China.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity and associated factors in Bouyei and Han peoples.

Design: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Guizhou province, southwest China in 2012, with multi-stage sampling to enroll 4551 participants aged 20 to 80 years. General and abdominal obesity were defined by World Health Organization (WHO) for Chinese.

Contributions of major smoking-related diseases to reduction in life expectancy associated with smoking in Chinese adults: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Cigarette smoking is a prominent risk factor for a wide range of diseases. The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of smoking on deaths from major smoking-related diseases (neoplasms, vascular diseases and respiratory diseases) in Chinese adults by estimating the potential gains in life expectancy (LE) that would accrue from eliminating deaths from these diseases, and to determine the contribution of each disease to the reduction in LE associated with smoking.

Methods: Two cohorts of Chinese smokers and non-smokers were constructed from a retrospective national mortality survey that had been conducted in 1989-1991 and included one million all-cause deaths among adults during 1986-1988 in 103 geographical regions.

[A study on indicator system for early-warning on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome epidemic].

Objective: To establish an early-warning indicator system on outbreak of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome by Delphi method seeking expert advices.

Methods: Firstly, the literature review and the experts meeting method were used to formulate the initiator frame work and indicators. A two-round consultation was used to filter indicators, discuss the boundary of indicators and determine the weighting coefficient among 25 experts from 14 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions.

Case-spouse control design in practice: an experience in estimating smoking and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease deaths in Chinese adults.

Background/purpose: We assessed the effect of smoking on death from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in China by employing a large population-based, case-spouse control study design using data from a nationwide survey of mortality.

Methods: During 1989-1991, a nationwide retrospective survey of mortality was conducted in China. For approximately 1,000,000 adults dying from all causes during 1986-1988, their surviving spouses or other informants provided detailed information about their own as well as the deceased person's smoking history.

[Study on the relations between smoking and the risk of age-specific lung cancer deaths in urban and rural areas of China].

Objective: To study the association between smoking and lung cancer mortality of residents living in the urban and rural areas of China.

Methods: Using the national census data on causes of death and case-control studies, stratified analysis was conducted by parameters as geography and age, to calculate the risk ratios, excess risks, average years lost for life expectancy by smoking in males and females in 103 cities/counties in China.

Results: Smoking increased the risks for lung cancer death in all ages older than 35 years of age, in urban and rural areas, through data analysis on 52 193 cases died from lung cancer in 1986 - 1988 and 307 934 matched controls in China.

Comparative study of control selection in a national population-based case-control study: Estimating risk of smoking on cancer deaths in Chinese men.

Purpose: To assess the validation of a novel control selection design by comparing the consistency between the new design and a routine design in a large case-control study that was incorporated into a nationwide mortality survey in China.

Methods: A nationwide mortality study was conducted during 1989-1991. Surviving spouses or other relatives of all adults who died during 1986-1988 provided detailed information about their own as well as the deceased person's smoking history.

Smoking-attributable deaths and potential years of life lost from a large, representative study in China.

Objectives: To provide a more accurate estimate of early smoking-attributable mortality and potential years of life lost using data from a representative study of 103 study areas in China.

Methods: Two datasets were employed as follows. Firstly, retrospective national mortality survey data, which included a population of 67 million in 103 study areas, and about 1 million adults who died in 1986-1988; secondly, nationally representative case-control comparative data was extracted from the survey data to measure the effect of smoking on age trends in smoking-attributable mortality.

Age-related effects of smoking on lung cancer mortality: a nationwide case-control comparison in 103 population centers in China.

Purpose: To examine age-related effects of smoking on lung cancer mortality in a large population-based case-control study that was incorporated into a nationwide retrospective survey of mortality in China.

Methods: Two data sets were pooled for this analysis: national mortality survey data and data from a nationwide case-control comparison. These pooled data were used to calculate age-specific lung cancer death rates by smoking status and expected years of lost life expectancy for each smoking-associated death.

[Association of Taq I T/C and Fok I C/T polymorphisms of vitamin D receptor gene with outcome of hepatitis B virus infection].

Objective: To determine whether Taq I T/C and Fok I C/T polymorphisms of vitamin D Receptor (VDR) gene was associated with the outcomes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.

Methods: A total of 212 HBV self-limited infection individuals, 244 asymptomatic HBsAg carriers and 391 chronic hepatitis B (HB) patients were recruited to conduct a case-control study. VDR-Taq I T/C and VDR-Fok I C/T polymorphisms were examined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).

[Study on association between vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and the outcomes of HBV infection].

Objective: To explore whether the vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) polymorphisms are associated with the outcomes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Chinese Han population.

Methods: Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to detect the polymorphisms of Fok I locus in exon 2 and Taq I locus in exon 9 of VDR gene. One hundred and eighty-four chronic hepatitis B patients and 205 asymptomatic HBV carriers were recruited to make the comparison of frequencies of genotype and haplotype of the VDR gene between the patients and the carriers.

Smoking and mortality from esophageal cancer in China: a large case-control study of 19,734 male esophageal cancer deaths and 104,846 living spouse controls.

An innovative population-based case-control study was conducted in a national mortality survey to assess the hazards of tobacco use on esophageal cancer among Chinese men. Cases were 19,734 males aged 35 years or older, who died of esophageal cancer during 1986-1988. Controls were 104,846 male living spouses of the same age when their wife died (of any cause) during the same period in the same county or city.

The relationship between nonresponse to hepatitis B vaccine and HLA genotype/haplotype.

Objective: To study the relationship between the nonresponse to hepatitis B vaccine and HLA genotype/heplotype in Chinese population and provide the evidence for explaining the genetic mechanism of this nonresponse.

Methods: Our research focused on the relationship between nonresponse to Hepatitis B vaccine and HLA-DRB1, DRB3, DRB4, DRB5 and DQB1 genotype/haplotype in Chinese population, collected from a community in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The group specific amplification was employed to characterize 107 individuals' genotype and haplotype of HLA clusters.

Survey of coverage, strategy and cost of hepatitis B vaccination in rural and urban areas of China.

AIM:In order to understand the coverage, immunization strategy and cost of hepatitis B (HB) vaccination of China in recent years.METHODS:A two-stage household random sampling method was used in the survey.RESULTS:The survey carried out at 112 Disease Surveillance Points (DSPs) of 25 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities of China in 1996, showed that the coverage rates of HB vaccination among neonates were 96.

Long-term effectiveness of infancy low-dose hepatitis B vaccine immunization in Zhuang minority area in China.

AIM:To observe the long-term effectiveness of low-dose immunization strategy and risk factors of HBsAg carriers in immunized children of Zhuang minorities of Longan County in the 9th year after infancy immunization.METHODS:Two epidemiologic methods,a cross-sectional follow-up study and a case-control study,were used for the evaluation of the serological effect and the determination of the risk factors. Hepatitis B virus markers were detected with radioimmunoassay.

Persistence of hepatitis B vaccine immune protection and response to hepatitis B booster immunization.

AIM:To identify the persistence of immune protection of China-made, plasma derived hepatitis B vaccine after infancy immunization and the time table of booster immunization.METHODS:A cross-sectional follow-up study and an experimental study on booster were used for the evaluation of the serological effect 7 years after vaccination and the antibody anamnestic response. Radioimmunoassay was used for the detection of hepatitis B virus markers.