Behavioral Animal Models and Neural-Circuit Framework of Depressive Disorder.

Depressive disorder is a chronic, recurring, and potentially life-endangering neuropsychiatric disease. According to a report by the World Health Organization, the global population suffering from depression is experiencing a significant annual increase. Despite its prevalence and considerable impact on people, little is known about its pathogenesis.

Tyrosine 7.43 is important for mu-opioid receptor downstream signaling pathways activated by fentanyl.

G protein-coupled receptors can signal through both G proteins and -arrestin2. For the -opioid receptor (MOR), early experimental evidence from a single study suggested that G protein signaling mediates analgesia and sedation, whereas -arrestin signaling mediates respiratory depression and constipation. Then, receptor mutations were used to clarify which residues interact with ligands to selectively regulate signals in a ligand-specific manner.

The Scalable Solid-State Synthesis of a NiP/NiP-FeNi Alloy Encapsulated into a Hierarchical Porous Carbon Framework for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reactions.

The exploration of high-performance and low-cost electrocatalysts towards the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is essential for large-scale water/seawater splitting. Herein, we develop a strategy involving the in situ generation of a template and pore-former to encapsulate a NiP/NiP heterojunction and dispersive FeNi alloy hybrid particles into a three-dimensional hierarchical porous graphitic carbon framework (labeled as NiP/NiP-FeNi@C) via a room-temperature solid-state grinding and sodium-carbonate-assisted pyrolysis method. The synergistic effect of the components and the architecture provides a large surface area with a sufficient number of active sites and a hierarchical porous pathway for efficient electron transfer and mass diffusion.

Nickel-Cobalt Hydrogen Phosphate on Nickel Nitride Supported on Nickel Foam for Alkaline Seawater Electrolysis.

Developing high-performance non-noble bifunctional catalysts is pivotal for large-scale seawater electrolysis but remains a challenge. Here we report a sandwichlike NiCo(HPO)@NiN/NF (denoted by NiCoHPi@NiN/NF) catalyst. Vertical NiN nanosheet arrays are first grown and supported on nickel foam, and then a bimetallic NiCoHPi coating is decorated on NiN nanosheets by one-step electrodeposition.

G signaling pathway distinguishes hallucinogenic and nonhallucinogenic 5-HTR agonists induced head twitch response in mice.

5- HT receptor is a member of the family A G-protein-coupled receptor. It is involved in many psychiatric disorders, such as depression, addiction and Parkinson's disease. 5-HTR targeted drugs play an important role in regulating cognition, memory, emotion and other physiological function by coupling G proteins, and their most notable function is stimulating the serotonergic hallucination.

A20 enhances mu-opioid receptor function by inhibiting beta-arrestin2 recruitment.

Opioids are widely used in clinical practice because of their strong analgesia. However, their use is restricted by such factors as tolerance and opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH), so it is critical to find ways to reduce the dosage of opioids to avoid the side effects. In this study, we demonstrated for the first time the regulatory role of A20 in morphine analgesia.