Myeloid response evaluated by noninvasive CT imaging predicts post-surgical survival and immune checkpoint therapy benefits in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: The potential of preoperative CT in the assessment of myeloid immune response and its application in predicting prognosis and immune-checkpoint therapy outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been explored.

Methods: A total of 165 patients with pathological slides and multi-phase CT images were included to develop a radiomics signature for predicting the imaging-based myeloid response score (iMRS). Overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were assessed according to the iMRS risk group and validated in a surgical resection cohort ( = 98).

A strategy of "adding fuel to the flames" enables a self-accelerating cycle of ferroptosis-cuproptosis for potent antitumor therapy.

Cuproptosis in antitumor therapy faces challenges from copper homeostasis efflux mechanisms and high glutathione (GSH) levels in tumor cells, hindering copper accumulation and treatment efficacy. Herein, we propose a strategy of "adding fuel to the flames" for potent antitumor therapy through a self-accelerating cycle of ferroptosis-cuproptosis. Disulfiram (DSF) loaded hollow mesoporous copper-iron sulfide (HMCIS) nanoparticle with conjugation of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and folic acid (FA) (i.

High Intensity Focused Ultrasound-Driven Nanomotor for Effective Ferroptosis-Immunotherapy of TNBC.

The heterogeneity of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) remains challenging for various treatments. Ferroptosis, a recently identified form of cell death resulting from the unrestrained peroxidation of phospholipids, represents a potential vulnerability in TNBC. In this study, a high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU)-driven nanomotor is developed for effective therapy of TNBC through induction of ferroptosis.

Circ_0005015 upregulates BACH1 to promote aggressive behaviors in glioblastoma by sponging microRNA-382-5p.

To investigate the potential role and molecular mechanism of circ_0005015 in GBM progression. Circ_0005015, microRNA-382-5p (miR-382-5p), and BTB domain and CNC homolog 1 (BACH1) levels were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Cell proliferation was determined by MTT, colony formation, and EdU assays.

A modified model for predicting mortality after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: A multicentre study.

Background And Aims: The transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt has controversial survival benefits; thus, patient screening should be performed preoperatively. In this study, we aimed to develop a model to predict post-transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt mortality to aid clinical decision making.

Methods: A total of 811 patients undergoing transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt from five hospitals were divided into the training and external validation data sets.

Low-temperature photothermal-induced alkyl radical release facilitates dihydroartemisinin-triggered "valve-off" starvation therapy.

The high nutrient and energy demand of tumor cells compared to normal cells to sustain rapid proliferation offer a potentially auspicious avenue for implementing starvation therapy. However, conventional starvation therapy, such as glucose exhaustion and vascular thrombosis, can lead to systemic toxicity and exacerbate tumor hypoxia. Herein, we developed a new "valve-off" starvation tactic, which was accomplished by closing the valve of glucose transporter protein 1 (GLUT1).

Model containing sarcopenia and visceral adiposity can better predict the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter study.

Aim: This study aimed to explore whether the addition of sarcopenia and visceral adiposity could improve the accuracy of model predicting progression-free survival (PFS) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: In total, 394 patients with HCC from five hospitals were divided into the training and external validation datasets. Patients were initially treated by liver resection or transarterial chemoembolization.

CT Findings of Undifferentiated Pancreatic Cancer With Osteoclast-Like Giant Cells: A Case Series from a Single Center's Experience With 10 Cases.

Little is known about the imaging features of undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells of the pancreas (UCOGCP) because of its extremely low incidence. To improve the diagnostic accuracy of this tumor, 10 UCOGCP cases with confirmed histopathology were collected and their clinical and image data features were analyzed. We found that the median age of our study was 61 years (50-76 years in range) and the main clinical manifestations were nonspecific abdominal pain.

3D automatic liver and spleen assessment in predicting overt hepatic encephalopathy before TIPS: a multi-center study.

Background: Overt hepatic encephalopathy (HE) should be predicted preoperatively to identify suitable candidates for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) instead of first-line treatment. This study aimed to construct a 3D assessment-based model to predict post-TIPS overt HE.

Methods: In this multi-center cohort study, 487 patients who underwent TIPS were subdivided into a training dataset (390 cases from three hospitals) and an external validation dataset (97 cases from another two hospitals).

Comparison Between the Stereoscopic Virtual Reality Display System and Conventional Computed Tomography Workstation in the Diagnosis and Characterization of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations.

It is difficult to accurately understand the angioarchitecture of cerebral arteriovenous malformations (CAVMs) before surgery using existing imaging methods. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of the stereoscopic virtual reality display system (SVRDS) to display the angioarchitecture of CAVMs by comparing its accuracy with that of the conventional computed tomography workstation (CCTW). Nineteen patients with CAVM confirmed on digital subtraction angiography (DSA) or during surgery were studied.

Prediction of outcomes by diffusion kurtosis imaging in patients with large (≥5 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma after liver resection: A retrospective study.

Purpose: To evaluate preoperative diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in predicting the outcomes of large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after liver resection (LR).

Materials And Methods: From January 2015 to December 2017, patients with a large (≥5cm) HCC who underwent preoperative DKI were retrospectively reviewed. The correlations of the mean kurtosis (MK), mean diffusivity (MD), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) with microvascular invasion (MVI) or histological grade were analyzed.

Deep Learning for Detection of Intracranial Aneurysms from Computed Tomography Angiography Images.

The accuracy of computed tomography angiography (CTA) image interpretation depends on the radiologist. This study aims to develop a new method for automatically detecting intracranial aneurysms from CTA images using deep learning, based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) implemented on the DeepMedic platform. Ninety CTA scans of patients with intracranial aneurysms are collected and divided into two datasets: training (80 subjects) and test (10 subjects) datasets.

Magnetic resonance imaging features of a solitary fibrous tumor of the vulva: a case report.

Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are commonly seen in the pleura. SFT involvement of the vulva is rare, and clinical diagnosis is mainly based on histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. We herein describe the imaging features of a 69-year-old woman with an SFT of the vulva.

Functional Connectivity Underlying Symptoms in Preschool Boys With Autism: A Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.

Background: Single-sex children have been regarded as one of the best subjects to understand the abnormal development patterns of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). However, the functional connectivity (FC) behind their symptoms is still unknown.

Methods: Based on FC analysis, the acquired resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data sets, including 86 boys with ASD and 54 normal controls (NC), were used to detect the neural synchronous activity between brain regions.

Acid-Responsive Aggregated Gold Nanoparticles for Radiosensitization and Synergistic Chemoradiotherapy in the Treatment of Esophageal Cancer.

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are limited by insufficient therapeutic efficacy of low-dose radiation and nonspecific drug biodistribution. Herein, an acid-responsive aggregated nanosystem (AuNPs-D-P-DA) loaded with doxorubicin (DOX) is designed for radiosensitization and synergistic chemoradiotherapy. In response to the acid microenvironment of esophageal cancer (EC), small-sized AuNPs-D-P-DA forms large-sized gold nanoparticle (AuNPs) aggregates in tumor tissues to hinder the backflow of AuNPs to the circulation, resulting in enhanced tumor accumulation and retention.

Extracellular matrix-degrading STING nanoagonists for mild NIR-II photothermal-augmented chemodynamic-immunotherapy.

Regulation of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway using agonists can boost antitumor immunity for cancer treatment, while the rapid plasma clearance, limited membrane permeability, and inefficient cytosolic transport of STING agonists greatly compromise their therapeutic efficacy. In this study, we describe an extracellular matrix (ECM)-degrading nanoagonist (dNAc) with second near-infrared (NIR-II) light controlled activation of intracellular STING pathway for mild photothermal-augmented chemodynamic-immunotherapy of breast cancer. The dNAc consists of a thermal-responsive liposome inside loading with ferrous sulfide (FeS) nanoparticles as both NIR-II photothermal converters and Fenton catalysts, 2'3'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (cGAMP) as the STING agonist, and an ECM-degrading enzyme (bromelain) on the liposome surface.

Longitudinal Radiological Findings in Patients With COVID-19 With Different Severities: From Onset to Long-Term Follow-Up After Discharge.

This study aimed to investigate the evolution of radiological findings in the patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia with different severities from onset to 1-year follow-up and identify the predictive factors for different pulmonary lesion absorption status in the patients infected with COVID-19. A retrospective study was performed on the clinical and radiological features of 175 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia hospitalized at three institutions from January 21 to March 20, 2020. All the chest CT scans during hospitalization and follow-ups after discharge were collected.

circ_0030018 promotes glioma proliferation and metastasis.

Background: Circular RNA (circRNA) plays an essential role in tumor progression, including glioma. circ_0030018 is a newly discovered circRNA that is highly expressed in glioma. However, its role and mechanism in glioma need to be further elucidated.

Evaluation of liver function in patients with chronic hepatitis B using Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced T1 mapping at different acquisition time points: a feasibility study.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the impact of different acquisition times on the evaluation of liver function levels in chronic hepatitis B using Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced T1 positioning technology under 3.0 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: A total of 146 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) were classified into four groups as follows: chronic hepatitis B without liver cirrhosis (CH, 22 cases), liver cirrhosis with Child-Pugh classification A (LCA 63 cases), Child-Pugh B (LCB 47 cases) and Child-Pugh C (LCC 14 cases).