Family History of Colorectal Cancer and the Risk of Colorectal Neoplasia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Although there is enough pooled evidence supporting the positive association between family history of colorectal cancer (CRC) in first-degree relatives (FDRs) and the risk of CRC, synthesized data on its association with the risk of other colorectal neoplasia are lacking. Therefore, we aimed to systematically assess this issue.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase from database inception through May 9, 2024, to identify observational studies investigating the association between family history of CRC in FDRs and the risk of colorectal neoplasia (excepting CRC).

Prediction method of longitudinal surface settlement caused by double shield tunnelling based on deep learning.

The deep learning method faces the challenges of small sample data and high dimensional shield operational parameters in predicting the longitudinal surface settlement caused by shield excavation. In this study, various optimization algorithms were compared, and the slime mould algorithm (SMA) was optimally chosen to optimize the hyperparameters of random forest (RF), and SMA-RF was used for dimensionality reduction and feature contribution analysis. A double-input deep neural network (D-DNN) framework was proposed for the prediction of surface settlement, which considers the influence of twin tunnels and effectively increases the high-fidelity data in the database.

Lifetime prevalence and adherence rate of cervical cancer screening among women living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Women living with HIV (WLWH) are more likely to develop cervical cancer. Screening and available healthcare can effectively reduce its incidence and mortality rates. We aimed to summarize the lifetime prevalence and adherence rate of cervical cancer screening among WLWH across low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and high-income countries (HICs).

Distinct differences between calvarial and long bone osteocytes in cell morphologies, gene expression and aging responses.

Osteocytes are the terminally differentiated bone cells resulted from bone formation. Although there are two distinct processes of bone formation, intramembranous and endochondral ossifications contributing to the formation of calvarial and long bones, it is not clear whether the distinct pathways determine the differences between calvaria and femoral cortical bone derived osteocytes. In the present study, we employed confocal structured illumination microscopy and mRNA-sequencing analysis to characterize the morphologic and transcriptomic expression of osteocytes from murine calvaria and mid-shaft femoral cortical bone.

Independent and joint associations of general and abdominal obesity with the risk of conventional adenomas and serrated polyps: A large population-based study in East Asia.

Evidence regarding associations of general and abdominal obesity with the risk of conventional adenomas (ADs) and serrated polyps (SPs) from Asian population is scarce. Our study aimed to investigate the independent and joint associations of general obesity assessed by body mass index (BMI) and abdominal obesity assessed by waist circumference (WC) or waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) with the risk of ADs and SPs among 25 222 participants recruited by a population-based screening program. Compared to participants with normal BMI, those with a BMI ≥28 kg/m had increased risk of ADs (odds ratio [OR] 1.

CircRNA hsa_circ_0018289 exerts an oncogenic role in cervical cancer progression through miR-1294/ICMT axis.

Background: circRNA hsa_circ_0018289-mediated growth and metastasis of CC cells were investigated, as well as the mechanistic pathway.

Methods: Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was carried out to examine the expression of hsa_circ_0018289, microRNA (miR)-1294, and isoprenylcysteine carboxyl methyltransferase (ICMT). CC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were evaluated by 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation, colony formation, transwell assays, Western blot analysis of ICMT, and glycolysis-associated proteins.

Inhibition of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation by short interfering RNAs targeting p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase or c-myc in EBV-positive epithelial cells.

Latent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is reactivated by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in EBV-infected cells. In this study, we found that TPA up-regulated phosphorylation of p38, a mitogen-activated protein kinase, and activated c-myc mRNA in EBV-positive epithelial GT38 cells. The EBV immediate-early gene BZLF1 mRNA and its product ZEBRA protein were induced following TPA treatment.

Decreased amphetamine-induced locomotion and improved latent inhibition in mice mutant for the M5 muscarinic receptor gene found in the human 15q schizophrenia region.

M5 muscarinic receptors are coexpressed with D2 dopamine receptors in the ventral tegmentum and striatum, and are important for reward in rodents. Previously, we reported that disruption of the M5 receptor gene in mice reduced dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens. In this study, we established a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) genotyping method for M5 mutant mice, and, using RT-PCR, found that M5 mRNA expression was highest in the ventral tegmentum, striatum, and thalamus in wild-type mice.

[Current status in drug addiction and addiction memory research].

The central feature of drug addiction is compulsive drug use--loss of control over apparently voluntary acts of drug seeking and drug taking. Drug addiction, as a chronic brain disease, may result from abnormal engagement of long-term associative memory. Addiction and memory are likely to share much in common in the aspects of neural adaptations, synaptic plasticity, and related molecular mechanisms.

[Advances in the applications of DNA chips and proteomics approaches for neurosciences].

DNA chips and proteomics are two of the recently developed high-throughput technologies that allow us to simultaneously analyze the expression levels of multiple genes and the interactions of their products in the brain. Their applications in neuroscience provide us with the unprecedented opportunities for understanding of the brain. A typical gene chip experiment contains a series of steps, including preparations (or purchase) of DNA chips, target DNA and probes, hybridization of chips with target DNA, chip scanning, and imaging analysis.