Transcriptomic Analysis of the CNL Gene Family in the Resistant Rice Cultivar IR28 in Response to Infection.

Rice false smut, caused by , threatens rice production by reducing yields and contaminating grains with harmful ustiloxins. However, studies on resistance genes are scarce. In this study, the resistance level of IR28 (resistant cultivar) to was validated through artificial inoculation.

Nocturnal burst emissions of germacrene D from the open disk florets of pyrethrum flowers induce moths to oviposit on a nonhost and improve pollination success.

Recent studies show that nocturnal pollinators may be more important to ecosystem function and food production than is currently appreciated. Here, we describe an agricultural field study of pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium) flower pollination. Pyrethrum is genetically self-incompatible and thus is reliant on pollinators for seed set.

Unprecedented oviposition tactics avoid plant defences and reduce attack by parasitic wasps.

Female insects oviposit in sites suitable for the development of their offspring. The Oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata is a serious pest of various crops including wheat and prefers to oviposit on withered leaves rather than on fresh plant material, which is surprisingly different from other insects. Studies here showed that this oviposition tactic enables avoidance of wheat defence against eggs and emerged larvae.

First Report of Anthracnose Caused by on Goldthread in China.

Goldthread ( Franch) is one of the most widely used Chinese traditional medicine plants with remarkable medicinal properties (Mizrahi et al. 2014). In July 2019, a new anthracnose-like leaf spot disease was observed in Banqiao Town, Enshi, Hubei, China.

Transcriptomic Analysis of Resistant and Wild-Type Isolates Revealed Fludioxonil as a Candidate for Controlling the Emerging Isoprothiolane Resistant Populations of .

The point mutation R343W in MoIRR, a putative ZnCys transcription factor, introduces isoprothiolane (IPT) resistance in . However, the function of MoIRR has not been characterized. In this study, the function of MoIRR was investigated by subcellular localization observation, transcriptional autoactivation test, and transcriptomic analysis.

Climate warming promotes pesticide resistance through expanding overwintering range of a global pest.

Climate change has the potential to change the distribution of pests globally and their resistance to pesticides, thereby threatening global food security in the 21st century. However, predicting where these changes occur and how they will influence current pest control efforts is a challenge. Using experimentally parameterised and field-tested models, we show that climate change over the past 50 years increased the overwintering range of a global agricultural insect pest, the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella), by ~2.

A chemosensory protein MsepCSP5 involved in chemoreception of oriental armyworm .

Chemosensory proteins (CSPs) have been suggested to perform several functions in insects, including chemoreception. To find out whether MsepCSP5 identified from shows potential physiological functions in olfaction, gene expression profiles, ligand-binding experiments, molecular docking, RNA interference, and behavioral test were performed. Results showed that was highly expressed in female antennae.

De novo analysis of the oriental armyworm Mythimna separata antennal transcriptome and expression patterns of odorant-binding proteins.

To better understand the olfactory mechanisms in the oriental armyworm Mythimna separate, one of the most serious pests of cereals, an antennal transcriptome was constructed in this study. A total of 130 olfactory related transcripts were identified. These transcripts were predicted to encode 32 odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), 16 chemosensory proteins (CSPs), 71 olfactory receptors (ORs), 8 ionotropic receptors (IRs), 1 gustatory receptor (GR) and 2 sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs).

Insight Into the Ultrastructure of Antennal Sensilla of Mythimna separata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

The oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walk), is one of the most serious pests of cereals in Asia and Australasia. The structure and distribution of the antennal sensilla of M. separata were studied by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.

Impact of hot events at different developmental stages of a moth: the closer to adult stage, the less reproductive output.

Hot days in summer (involving a few hours at particularly high temperatures) are expected to become more common under climate change. How such events at different life stages affect survival and reproduction remains unclear in most organisms. Here, we investigated how an exposure to 40 °C at different life stages in the global insect pest, Plutella xylostella, affects immediate survival, subsequent survival and reproductive output.

[Thermal tolerance of diamondback moth Plutella xylostella].

Diamondback moth Plutella xylostella is a worldwide important pest on cruciferous vegetables. Critical thermal maximum (CTMax) is often used as an index for the thermal tolerance of insects. By the method of dynamic heating, this paper measured the CTMax of P.

[Niches of dominant grub populations in different athletic areas of golf course].

The study on the temporal niche, spatial niche and spatial distribution of dominant grub populations in different athletic areas of golf courses in subtropics showed that except the lower temporal niche breadths of individual grubs in greens III and IV, the dominant grub populations in 4 areas of fairways and greens all had a >0.9 temporal niche breadth. The temporal niche breadth of 4 grub species in fairway highland and greens I and II was the highest, and that in rough highland and green IV was the lowest.