Mononuclear ruthenium (II) complex covalently anchored on melem and g-CN as efficient heterogeneous catalysts for chemical water oxidation.

Ru-melem and Ru-CN were synthesized by a simple and facile strategy to construct a novel covalently anchoring by introducing easily synthesized amide bond as a bridge connecting the Ru-terpy and melem or g-CN, respectively. The covalent anchoring of Ru complex on melem or CN not only makes these materials exhibit water oxidation activity under Ce-driven (Ce = Ce(NH)(NO)) reaction condition, but also makes the obtained heterogeneous catalysts show higher catalytic activity than the corresponding homogeneous catalysts, which reveals that the covalent anchoring strategy of Ru complex is beneficial to improve the catalytic activity of homogeneous Ru catalysts. The synthetic method of hybrid catalysts offers an insightful strategy for enhancing water oxidation activity of molecular catalysts.

Modulating the electrocatalytic activity of mononuclear nickel complexes toward water oxidation by tertiary amine group.

Water oxidation is the bottleneck of water splitting, which is a promising strategy for hydrogen production. Therefore, it is significant to develop efficient water oxidation catalysts. Herein, electrochemical water oxidation catalyzed by three nickel complexes, namely [Ni(bptn)(HO)](ClO) (1), [Ni(mbptn)(CHCN)](ClO) (2), and [Ni(tmbptn)(HO)](ClO) (3) (bptn = 1,9-bis(2-pyridyl)-2,5,8-triazanonane, mbptn = 5-methyl-1,9-bis(2-pyridyl)-2,5,8-triazanonane, and tmbptn = 1,9-bis(2-pyridyl)-2,5,8-triazanonane), is studied under near-neutral condition (pH 9.

Immobilization of Metal-Organic Framework MIL-100(Fe) on the Surface of BiVO: A New Platform for Enhanced Visible-Light-Driven Water Oxidation.

The development of new dual functional photocatalysts is highly desirable for conversion and storage of solar energy. Herein, we first constructed hierarchical structure MIL-100(Fe)@BiVO in situ growing MIL-100(Fe) nanoparticles (NPs) on the surface of decahedron BiVO under mild hydrothermal conditions. The as-synthesized hybrid nanostructure is unambiguously determined using a series of characterization methods.

Synthesis of a 6-nm-Long Transition-Metal-Rare-Earth-Containing Polyoxometalate.

An extremely long ribbon-shaped polyoxometalate (POM) octamer, {EuCoSeWO(CIT)(HCIT)(NO)(OH)(HO)} (HCIT = citric acid), with a maximum length of ca. 6 nm has been obtained, which is the longest molecular POM reported to date and the first Dawson-based 3d-4f-containing selenotungstate(IV). The nanoscale octamer is built from 8 new Dawson-type EuW-substituted selenotungstates {(EuWO)SeWO} bridged by 12 HCIT ligands and 3 Co ions, giving rise to a rare giant inorganic-organic hybrid molecular POM with more than 150 metal centers (7 Co, 16 Eu, 16 Se, and 128 W).

FeO Derived from an Iron-Containing Polyoxometalate Boosting the Photocatalytic Water Oxidation Activity of Ti-Doped TiO.

The development of efficient and stable catalyst systems using low-cost, abundant, and nontoxic materials is the primary demand for photocatalytic water oxidation. Distinguishing the true active species in a heterogeneous catalytic system is important for construction of efficient catalytic systems. Herein, hydrothermally synthesized Ti self-doped TiO, labeled as Ti/TiO, was first used as a light absorber in a powder visible light-driven photocatalytic water oxidation reaction.

Enhanced photocatalytic activity of BiVO coupled with iron-based complexes for water oxidation under visible light irradiation.

[Fe2(TPA)2(μ-O)Cl2]2+ (TPA = tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine) was investigated as a pre-catalyst, and greatly enhanced the photocatalytic water oxidation activity of BiVO4. An extremely high oxygen yield of 99.1% and apparent quantum yield of 44.

An octanuclear Cu(ii) cluster with a bio-inspired CuO cubic fragment for efficient photocatalytic water oxidation.

An octanuclear Cu(ii) cluster [Cu8(dpk·OH)8(OAc)4](ClO4)4 (dpk·OH = the monoanion of the hydrated, gem-diol form of di-2-pyridyl ketone) that contains two Cu4O4 cubic fragments similar to the Mn4CaO5 cluster in photosystem II (PSII) was found to be an efficient catalyst for photocatalytic water oxidation. In the [Ru(bpy)3]2+/Na2S2O8 system, it afforded an optimal oxygen yield, turnover number (TON) and turnover frequency (TOF) of 35.6%, 178 and 3.

Renal protective effects of pitavastatin on spontaneously hypercholesterolaemic Imai Rats.

Background: Independent of their lipid-lowering effects, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors have renal protective effects on various models of progressive renal diseases, therefore, additional therapeutic advantages have been considered. In the present study, using spontaneously hypercholesterolaemic Imai rats, we examined the protective effects of pitavastatin on renal injuries and the oxidative modification of the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), since oxidized lipoproteins are speculated to be involved in the mechanism of this rat strain's renal injuries.

Methods: Male Imai rats were treated with pitavastatin (n = 11) at a dose of 100 mg/kg diet or received no specific therapy as controls (n = 11) from 10 to 22 weeks of age.

Various dietary protein intakes and progression of renal failure in spontaneously hypercholesterolemic Imai rats.

Background/aim: Dietary protein restriction is known to be beneficial in the preservation of the renal function in patients with chronic renal failure. Recently, the effect of varying quantity and quality of dietary protein intakes was also studied. This study investigates the effects of different dietary animal proteins on renal function in spontaneously hypercholesterolemic Imai rats that exhibit renal lesions similar to human focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis.

[Fish meat retarding the progression of chronic renal failure in spontaneously hypercholesterolemic rats].

Objective: To investigate the effects of different dietary proteins of fish meat and casein upon the progression of chronic renal failure (CRF) in spontaneously hypercholesterolemic (SHC) rats.

Methods: 48 SHC rats of 10 weeks of age were randomly divided into four groups, and placed on diets containing 20% and 40% casein or fish protein respectively till they were 22 weeks of age. 24-hour urine collections were obtained along with measurements of systolic blood pressure and blood were drew from their tail vein evry 4 weeks.

The efficacy of vitamin E against oxidative damage and autoantibody production in systemic lupus erythematosus: a preliminary study.

The hypothesis that reactive oxygen species (ROS) modification of DNA is involved in the development of autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is supported by the enhanced reactivity of anti-DNA antibodies to ROS-denatured DNA. We studied the efficacy of vitamin E against both oxidative DNA damage and autoantibody production in SLE. Urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), an indicator of oxidative DNA damage, and the anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-ds DNA) antibody, a predictor of disease activity, were assayed twice, first during the season with the most intense sunlight and then later in the year.

STAT6 deficiency inhibits tubulointerstitial fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy.

To elucidate the contribution of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 6 to the pathophysiology of chronic renal injury, STAT6-/- mice were subjected to unilateral ureteral ligation together with wild-type control mice. STAT6-/- kidneys had more apoptotic cells and a greater influx of F4/80-positive cells than wild-type kidneys following ureteral obstruction. There was a much larger alpha-smooth muscle actin-positive area in STAT6-/- kidneys than in wild-type kidneys after ureteral ligation.

[Atherosclerosis and vascular calcification in hemodialysis patients].

Cardiovascular disease is the largest cause of mortality in hemodialysis patients. Cardiovascular mortality is fivefold to twentyfold higher in hemodialysis patients than in the general population. Atherosclerosis and vascular calcification are the characteristic complications in hemodialysis patients.

Hypotensive effects of neuromedin U microinjected into the cardiovascular-related region of the rat nucleus tractus solitarius.

Neuromedin U (NMU) is a brain-gut peptide with potent contractile effects on the uterus and smooth muscle. Intracerebroventricular injection of NMU reportedly decreased food intake and body-weight gain in the rat. We evaluated the effects of NMU delivered by microinjection into the rat nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) on cardiovascular responses.

Effect of environmental changes on oxidative deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage in systemic lupus erythematosus.

In a study conducted in Japan, the authors used urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) to study the effects of high-intensity and low-intensity sunlight on oxidative damage to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in patients who had systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). During late May through early September (i.e.

[Interstitial nephritis induced by mesalazine].

This report concerns the first case in Japan of interstitial nephritis induced by mesalazine, a new therapeutic agent for inflammatory bowel disease, such as ulcerative colitis. Twenty-two cases have already been reported in other countries. The patient, a 27-year-old woman, was treated with mesalazine for her ulcerative colitis at another hospital.