Syngas Production from CO and HO via Solid-Oxide Electrolyzer Cells: Fundamentals, Materials, Degradation, Operating Conditions, and Applications.

Highly efficient coelectrolysis of CO/HO into syngas (a mixture of CO/H), and subsequent syngas conversion to fuels and value-added chemicals, is one of the most promising alternatives to reach the corner of zero carbon strategy and renewable electricity storage. This research reviews the current state-of-the-art advancements in the coelectrolysis of CO/HO in solid oxide electrolyzer cells (SOECs) to produce the important syngas intermediate. The overviews of the latest research on the operating principles and thermodynamic and kinetic models are included for both oxygen-ion- and proton-conducting SOECs.

An improved minimum cumulative resistance model for risk assessment of agricultural non-point source pollution in the coastal zone.

Agricultural non-point source pollution (AGNPSP) is an important risk factor affecting the water environment. Among the areas where cropland NPSP occurs, the coastal zone should be of greater concern. Typhoons, heavy precipitation, and abundant rivers and ponds accelerate the transport process of AGNPSP to the offshore waters.