Lactylation of Histone H3k18 and Egr1 Promotes Endothelial Glycocalyx Degradation in Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury.

Circulating lactate is a critical biomarker for sepsis-induced acute lung injury (S-ALI) and is strongly associated with poor prognosis. However, whether elevated lactate directly promotes S-ALI and the specific mechanism involved remain unclear. Here, this work shows that lactate causes pulmonary endothelial glycocalyx degradation and worsens ALI during sepsis.

Muscone restores anoikis sensitivity in TMZ-resistant glioblastoma cells by suppressing TOP2A via the EGFR/Integrin β1/FAK signaling pathway.

Background: Temozolomide (TMZ) resistance is the main obstacle faced by glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) treatment. Muscone, one of the primary active pharmacological ingredients of Shexiang (Moschus), can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and is being investigated as an antineoplastic medication. However, muscone treatment for GBM has received little research, and its possible mechanisms are still unclear.

Internalisation of neutrophils extracellular traps by macrophages aggravate rheumatoid arthritis via Rab5a.

Objectives: Although elevated levels of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been reported in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the role of NETs in RA and the relationship between NETs and macrophages in the pathogenesis of RA requires further research. Here, we sought to determine the role of NETs in RA pathogenesis and reveal the potential mechanism.

Methods: Neutrophil elastase (NE) and myeloperoxidase (MPO)-DNA were measured in human serum and synovium.

Biomechanical evaluation of modified and traditional cortical bone trajectory technique on adjacent segment degeneration in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion-finite element analysis.

Objectives: Modified cortical bone trajectory (MCBT) technique was proposed by our team in previous studies, but its biomechanical properties at adjacent segments have not been discussed yet. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the biomechanical properties of modified cortical bone trajectory (MCBT) technique on adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) in transforaminal intradiscal lumbar disc fusion (TLIF) compare to traditional bone trajectory (TT) technique and cortical bone trajectory (CBT) technique.

Methods: The four human cadaveric lumbar specimens were provided by the anatomy teaching and research department of Xinjiang Medical University and four intact finite element models of the L1-S1 segment were generated.

DKK-1 and Its Influences on Bone Destruction: A Comparative Study in Collagen-Induced Arthritis Mice and Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients.

Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) has been considered a master regulator of bone remodeling. As precursors of osteoclasts (OCs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were previously shown to participate in the process of bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the role of DKK-1 and MDSCs in RA is not yet fully understood.

Quercetin induces MGMT glioblastoma cells apoptosis via dual inhibition of Wnt3a/β-Catenin and Akt/NF-κB signaling pathways.

Background: Surgical resection combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy remains a common clinical treatment for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). However, the therapeutic outcomes have not been satisfying due to drug resistance and other factors. Quercetin, a phytoingredient capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier, has shown effectiveness in the treatment of various solid tumors.

Erythropoietin signaling in peripheral macrophages is required for systemic β-amyloid clearance.

Impaired clearance of beta-amyloid (Aβ) is a primary cause of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aβ clearance in the periphery contributes to reducing brain Aβ levels and preventing Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. We show here that erythropoietin (EPO) increases phagocytic activity, levels of Aβ-degrading enzymes, and Aβ clearance in peripheral macrophages via PPARγ.

Natural Killer Cells Infiltration in the Joints Exacerbates Collagen-Induced Arthritis.

Introduction: The role of natural killer (NK) cells in rheumatoid arthritis remains controversial. We aimed to assess the role of NK cells in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.

Materials And Methods: The percentage of NK cells in the peripheral blood, spleen, lymph nodes and inflamed paws from collagen-induced arthritis mice were examined through the disease progression.

Sn-doped BiOI assisted the excellent photocatalytic performance of multi-shelled ZnO microspheres under simulated sunlight.

To deal with the environmental pollution and energy crises, it is indispensable to find green and efficient means to overcome these challenges. Herein, the Sn-doped BiOI modified multi-shelled ZnO heterojunction composite with a high performance are designed and prepared. The results prove the formation of heterojunction structure in the composites and the morphology is shown as the multi-shelled microsphere.

Resveratrol Relieves Gouty Arthritis by Promoting Mitophagy to Inhibit Activation of NLRP3 Inflammasomes.

Background: Gouty arthritis (GA) is a common inflammatory disease with pain caused by the deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals into joints and surrounding tissues. Resveratrol (Res), derived from grapes and peanuts and the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for GA, acts against oxidation and inflammation. The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Res on GA.

Inhibition of Smad3 in macrophages promotes Aβ efflux from the brain and thereby ameliorates Alzheimer's pathology.

Impaired amyloid-β (Aβ) clearance is believed to be a primary cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and peripheral abnormalities in Aβ clearance have recently been linked to AD pathogenesis and progression. Data from recent genome-wide association studies have linked genetic risk factors associated with altered functions of more immune cells to AD pathology. Here, we first identified correlations of Smad3 signaling activation in peripheral macrophages with AD progression and phagocytosis of Aβ.

Zerumbone ameliorates behavioral impairments and neuropathology in transgenic APP/PS1 mice by suppressing MAPK signaling.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major clinical problem, but there is a distinct lack of effective therapeutic drugs for this disease. We investigated the potential therapeutic effects of zerumbone, a subtropical ginger sesquiterpene, in transgenic APP/PS1 mice, rodent models of AD which exhibit cerebral amyloidosis and neuroinflammation.

Methods: The N9 microglial cell line and primary microglial cells were cultured to investigate the effects of zerumbone on microglia.

Taxol alleviates collagen-induced arthritis in mice by inhibiting the formation of microvessels.

The objective of the present study is to evaluate the inhibitory effects of taxol (PTX) on angiogenesis in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model. Collagen II (C II) and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) were used in C57BL/6 (H-2b) mice to generate the CIA model. Random grouping was performed in the normal control group, CIA model group, PTX 1.

Zaocys type II collagen regulates the balance of Treg/Th17 cells in mice with collagen-induced arthritis.

Objectives: Zaocys type II collagen is an active collagen extracted from Zaocys that has been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis in China for over 1000 years. However, the mechanism still remains unknown. Therefore, we set out to investigate the inhibitory effect and possible mechanism of action of zaocys type II collagen on collagen-induced arthritis.

[Identification of Zaocys type II collagen and its effect on arthritis in mice with collagen-induced arthritis].

Objective: To analyze the homology of Zaocys type 1I collagen ( ZC II ) with the C II collagen from other species, and to investigate the effect of ZC II on arthritis in mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA).

Methods: ZC II was purified with restriction pepsin digestion. Then SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis and UV spectrophotometry were used to identify the protein,the homology of the ZC II peptide was analyzed with Mass Spectrometry.

[The effect of the type II collagen protein from Zaocys on cytokines production by synoviocytes in rats with adjuvant arthritis].

Objective: To investigate the effect of the type II collagen (C II) protein from Zaocys on cytokines production by synoviocytes in rats with adjuvant arthritis (AA).

Methods: Type II collagen protein was abstracted and purificated from Zaocys. Adjuvant arthritis (AA) was induced by a single intradermal injection of 0.

Prevalence of basal core promoter and precore mutations in Chinese chronic hepatitis B patients and correlation with serum HBeAG titers.

The A1762T and G1764A mutations in the basal core promoter (BCP) region and the G1896A mutation in the precore (PC) region of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome are found commonly in HBeAg-negative patients. Experiments in vitro suggest that BCP and PC mutation reduce and abolish HBeAg expression, respectively. In the present study, the prevalence of the BCP and PC mutations were determined in 207 patients with HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B from China and correlated with the titers of serum HBeAg.

Spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion and loss of hepatitis B virus DNA after acute flare due to development of drug resistant mutants during entecavir monotherapy.

Aims: Patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection under entecavir (ETV) treatment develop resistant mutants with viral rebound. Here, we report an interesting case of spontaneous loss of HBV-DNA and seroconversion following an acute flare after the development of ETV-resistant mutants. This patient received ETV after lamivudine breakthrough.

[Character of denitrifying phosphorus removal using MUCT process: operation at low C/N rate].

The effect of phosphorus uptake in the anaerobic zone of MUCT process fed with low C/N rate wastewater was studied. The experimental results shows that: (1) Because of the concentration of the COD is relative higher, nitrate is firstly used by the traditional denitrifying bacteria in the cycle sludge, and can not act as the electron acceptor for DPB. So the main action in the first anaerobic zone is phosphate release; (2) The DPB utilizes the PHB as the carbon stored in the anaerobic zone, and nitrate as electron acceptor to uptake phosphorus and the amount increases daily from 0.

Coexistence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and heterologous subtype-specific antibodies to HBsAg among patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection.

Background: The coexistence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies to HBsAg (anti-HBs) in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been explained by the presence of viral escape mutants. Yet, no systematic analysis of such patients has been performed. We analyzed both the HBV strains and the nature of anti-HBs in such patients.

[The rate of hepatitis B virus resistance to adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) and the evolution of hepatitis B virus in lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B patients with ADV monotherapy].

Objective: To study the resistant rate of hepatitis B virus (HBV) to ADV and the dynamic evolution of HBV in lamivudine (Lam)-resistant chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients.

Methods: Twenty-three Lam-resistant CHB patients were assigned to a 10mg/d ADV monotherapy for 68-116 weeks. The baseline and different time point blood samples after ADV monotherapy were analyzed for ADV-resistant mutations using direct sequencing of PCR products; the evolution of HBV mutations was examined by clonal analysis of serial samples from one patient infected with ADV-associated resistant HBV strains.