Extended Plateau Capacity of Hard Carbon Anode for High Energy Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Hard carbon materials have shown promising potential for sodium-ion storage due to accommodating larger sodium ions. However, as for lithium-ion storage, the challenge lies in tuning the high lithiation plateau capacities, which impacts the overall energy density. Here, hard carbon microspheres (HCM) are prepared by tailoring the cross-linked polysaccharide, establishing a comprehensive methodology to obtain high-performance lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with long plateau capacities.

A Volcano Correlation between Catalytic Activity for Sulfur Reduction Reaction and Fe Atom Count in Metal Center.

Sulfur reduction reaction (SRR) facilitates up to 16 electrons, which endows lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries with a high energy density that is twice that of typical Li-ion batteries. However, its sluggish reaction kinetics render batteries with only a low capacity and cycling life, thus remaining the main challenge to practical Li-S batteries, which require efficient electrocatalysts of balanced atom utilization and site-specific requirements toward highly efficient SRR, calling for an in-depth understanding of the atomic structural sensitivity for the catalytic active sites. Herein, we manipulated the number of Fe atoms in iron assemblies, ranging from single Fe atom to diatomic and triatomic Fe atom groupings, all embedded within a carbon matrix.

Global, regional, and national burden of diet high in processed meat from 1990 to 2019: a systematic analysis from the global burden of disease study 2019.

Objective: The objective of this study is to explore the prevalence and attributable burden of diet high in processed meat (DHIPM) in global, regional, and national level due to the burden caused by unhealthy dietary pattern worldwide.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Materials And Design: All the data involved in this research were obtained from Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019.

Spent shell as a calcium source for constructing calcium vanadate for high-performance Zn-ion batteries.

In this article, waste shell is directly used as a raw material to synthesize CaVO as a cathode for aqueous zinc ion batteries. The obtained cathode material exhibits better performance than that of CaVO prepared from pure calcium carbonate as a raw material. At 0.

A semiconducting hybrid of RhO/GaN@InGaN for simultaneous activation of methane and water toward syngas by photocatalysis.

Prior to the eventual arrival of carbon neutrality, solar-driven syngas production from methane steam reforming presents a promising approach to produce transportation fuels and chemicals. Simultaneous activation of the two reactants, i.e.

Palladium nanoparticles on gallium nitride as a Mott-Schottky catalyst for efficient and durable photoactivation of unactivated alkanes.

The direct functionalization of inert C-H bonds has long been a "holy grail" for the chemistry world. In this report, the direct C(sp)-N bond formation of unactivated alkanes is reported with a GaN based Mott-Schottky catalyst under photocatalytic reaction conditions. Long term stability and reaction efficiency (up to 92%) were achieved with this photocatalyst.

Solid-Solution or Intermetallic Compounds: Phase Dependence of the Li-Alloying Reactions for Li-Metal Batteries.

Electrochemical Li-alloying reactions with Li-rich alloy phases render a much higher theoretical capacity that is critical for high-energy batteries, and the accompanying phase transition determines the alloying/dealloying reversibility and cycling stability. However, the influence of phase-transition characteristics upon the thermodynamic properties and diffusion kinetic mechanisms among the two categories of alloys, solid-solutions and intermetallic compounds, remains incomplete. Here we investigated three representative Li-alloys: Li-Ag alloy of extended solid-solution regions; Li-Zn alloy of an intermetallic compound with a solid-solution phase of a very narrow window in Li atom concentration; and Li-Al alloy of an intermetallic compound.

Discovery and construction of surface kagome electronic states induced by p-d electronic hybridization in CoSnS.

Kagome-lattice materials possess attractive properties for quantum computing applications, but their synthesis remains challenging. Herein, based on the compelling identification of the two cleavable surfaces of CoSnS, we show surface kagome electronic states (SKESs) on a Sn-terminated triangular CoSnS surface. Such SKESs are imprinted by vertical p-d electronic hybridization between the surface Sn (subsurface S) atoms and the buried Co kagome-lattice network in the CoSn layer under the surface.

Distinct armchair and zigzag charge transport through single polycyclic aromatics.

In aromatic systems with large π-conjugated structures, armchair and zigzag configurations can affect each material's electronic properties, determining their performance and generating certain quantum effects. Here, we explore the intrinsic effect of armchair and zigzag pathways on charge transport through single hexabenzocoronene molecules. Theoretical calculations and systematic experimental results from static carbon-based single-molecule junctions and dynamic scanning tunneling microscope break junctions show that charge carriers are preferentially transported along the hexabenzocoronene armchair pathway, and thus, the corresponding current through this pathway is approximately one order of magnitude higher than that through the zigzag pathway.

Oxynitrides enabled photoelectrochemical water splitting with over 3,000 hrs stable operation in practical two-electrode configuration.

Solar photoelectrochemical reactions have been considered one of the most promising paths for sustainable energy production. To date, however, there has been no demonstration of semiconductor photoelectrodes with long-term stable operation in a two-electrode configuration, which is required for any practical application. Herein, we demonstrate the stable operation of a photocathode comprising Si and GaN, the two most produced semiconductors in the world, for 3,000 hrs without any performance degradation in two-electrode configurations.

Adsorption-Assisted Redox Center in Porous Organic Frameworks for Boosting Lithium Storage.

Due to the designable structure and capacity, organic materials are promising candidates for lithium-ion batteries. Herein, we report a novel type of porous organic frameworks (POFs) based on the coupling reaction of diazonium salt as the anodes for lithium ion storage. The active center containing an azo group and the adjacent lithium-philic adsorption site is constructed to investigate the electrochemical behaviors and reaction mechanism.

The Vital Role of Electrolyte Reduction Potential in Forming a Stable SEI in Phosphorus-Based Anodes.

In view of their high lithium storage capability, phosphorus-based anodes are promising for lithium-ion batteries. However, the low reduction potential (0.74 V versus Li /Li) of the commonly used ethylene carbonate-based electrolyte does not allow the early formation of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) prior to the initial phosphorus alloying reaction (1.

Characteristics analysis of 157 cases of central airway stenosis due to tracheobronchial tuberculosis: A descriptive study.

Background: Tracheobronchial stenosis, particularly central airway stenosis, which frequently results in severe complications such as lung damage, occurs in patients with tracheobronchial tuberculosis (TBTB).

Objectives: To analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with central airway stenosis due to tuberculosis (CASTB).

Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical features, radiological features, bronchoscopic features and treatment of 157 patients who were diagnosed with CASTB in two tertiary hospitals in Chongqing, China, from May 2020 to May 2022.

Optimizing the Diagnostic Algorithm for Pulmonary Embolism in Acute COPD Exacerbation Using Fuzzy Rough Sets and Support Vector Machine.

Aiming to optimize the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), we conducted a retrospective study enrolling 185 AECOPD patients, of whom 90 were diagnosed with PE based on computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA). Ten characteristic indicators and 27 blood indicators were extracted for each patient. First, we quantified the importance of each indicator for diagnosing PE in AECOPD using fuzzy rough sets (FRS) and selected the more important indicators to construct a support vector machine (SVM) diagnosis model called FRS-SVM.

Non-trivial Contribution of Carbon Hybridization in Carbon-based Substrates to Electrocatalytic Activities in Li-S Batteries.

Appling an electrochemical catalyst is an efficient strategy for inhibiting the shuttle effect and enhancing the S utilization of Li-S batteries. Carbon-based materials are the most common conductive agents and catalyst supports used in Li-S batteries, but the correlation between the diversity of hybridizations and sulfur reduction reaction (SRR) catalytic activity remains unclear. Here, by establishing two forms of carbon models, i.

Interfacial Engineering of Co O /Fe O Nano-Heterostructure Toward Superior Li-O Batteries.

A major issue with Li-O batteries is their slow oxygen reduction and evolution kinetics, necessitating catalysts with high catalytic activity to improve reaction kinetics and cycle stability. Herein, a nano-heterostructured catalyst composed of Co O and Fe O (Co O /Fe O ) with a porous rod morphology is achieved through an interfacial engineering strategy by constructing Fe O on the Co O surface, which can function as a high-performance cathode in order to efficiently encourage the oxygen reduction and evolution while also reduce the battery polarization during charging and discharging. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations show the differences in charge density at the interface of nano-heterostructures, demonstrating the occurrence of an electron transfer process in the interface region of Co O and Fe O , implying a strong electronic coupling transfer, and in turn changing the electronic structure of the Co O .

Regulating Sodium Deposition through Gradiently-Graphitized Framework for Dendrite-Free Na Metal Anode.

Na metal anode (NMA) is one of the most promising candidate materials for next-generation low-cost sodium metal batteries. However, the preferred deposition of Na metal at the anode/separator interface increases the risk of dendrite penetration of the separator, consequently, reduces safety and life of batteries with NMA. In this study, a Na deposition-regulating strategy is shown by designing a gradiently graphitized 3D carbon fiber (CF) framework as host (grad-CF), whereby Na is guided to deposit preferentially at the bottom of the anode, safely away from the separator.

Association of TyG Index with CT Features in Patients with Tuberculosis and Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, a surrogate marker of insulin resistance (IR) with a high sensitivity of 96.5% and a specificity of 85.0% for the diagnosis of IR, with computed tomography (CT) features in patients with tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus.

Melatonin Participates in Selenium-Enhanced Cold Tolerance of Cucumber Seedlings.

Melatonin is an important and widespread plant hormone. However, the underlying physiological and molecular mechanisms of melatonin as a secondary messenger in improving cold tolerance by selenium are limited. This study investigated the effects of selenite on the cold stress of cucumber seedlings.

Anisotropic Carrier Mobility from 2H WSe.

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) with 2H phase are expected to be building blocks in next-generation electronics; however, they suffer from electrical anisotropy, which is the basics for multi-terminal artificial synaptic devices, digital inverters, and anisotropic memtransistors, which are highly desired in neuromorphic computing. Herein, the anisotropic carrier mobility from 2H WSe is reported, where the anisotropic degree of carrier mobility spans from 0.16 to 0.

Fluorine-Induced Surface Metallization for Ammonia Synthesis under Photoexcitation up to 1550 nm.

The first observation of surface metallization of TiO induced by fluoride ions is presented. The emerging metallic states are contributed by the 3d orbital of surface Ti and the 2p orbital of surface bridging F, which are intrinsically originated from the strong electron repulsion between F and adjacent Ti . The metalized TiO with reduced work function and downward band bending possesses high electron-donating power to supported Ru species via atomic-scale ohmic contacts, exhibiting unprecedented photocatalytic performances for ammonia synthesis across the entire solar spectrum region (200-1550 nm) at room temperature.

Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of COVID-19 Patients in Chongqing China.

To study in-depth the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of pneumonia resulting from COVID-19 and provide evidence for effective public health decisions. This was a retrospective, single-center research study. Participants were enrolled from patients presenting at the Chongqing Public Health Medical Treatment Center from Jan 24 to Feb 7, 2020, and were confirmed as having COVID-19.