Fruits from : A Valuable Bioresource of Potent Radical Scavengers and Novel Ursane-Type Triterpenoids.

Four new ursane-type triterpenoids named rosaroxine A-D and 21 known compounds were identified from fruits. The structures of all compounds were established by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The phenolics catechin (EC 13.

Ionones from cigar tobacco leaves.

Phytochemical studies on cigar tobacco leaves led to the isolation of 18 ionone-type compounds, including previously undescribed cigatobanes E () and F (). Additionally, compounds vomifoliol acetate (, dehydrovomifoliol (, 8,9-dihydromegastigmane-4,6-diene-3-one (, 7,8-epoxyblumenol B (, 3-oxoactinidol (), and loliolide acetate (), 4-hydroxy-dihydroactinidiolide (), were found in tobacco leaves for the first time. The structural elucidation of all compounds was accomplished through rigorous spectral analysis.

Gelselegine-gelsedine type bisindoles as well as the units from Gelsemium elegans with promoting proliferation of oral mucosa fibroblast cells.

Two undescribed bisindole alkaloids, gelseginedine A (1) and its rearranged gelseginedine B (2), and seven unreported gelselegine-type oxindole alkaloids (3-9) were isolated from the stems and leaves of Gelsemium elegans, together with five known alkaloids (10-14). Compounds 1 and 2 represented the first examples of gelselegine-gelsedine type alkaloids which bridged two units by a double bond. Their structures with absolute configurations were elucidated by means of HRESIMS, NMR and calculational chemistry.

Insecticidal bisindole alkaloids from leaves of Tabernaemontana divaricata 'Dwaft'.

Six undescribed bisindole alkaloids, namely taberdisines A-F (1-6), were isolated from the leaves of Tabernaemontana divaricata 'Dwaft'. Among them, alkaloids 1 and 2 were the first examples of strychnos-iboga type alkaloid with both C-C linkage patterns. Alkaloid 3, a new type of aspidosperma-iboga with a furan-ring, as well as other three undescribed ones was disclosed.

Search for Snail Repellents: Antimollusc Activities from and Six Other Chinese Species.

Snails are important agricultural pests difficult to control, but data regarding molluscicidal assays are scant. alkaloids are typical secondary metabolites for the taxa and have been broadly investigated for their pharmacological and toxicological effects. This makes it possible for us to further develop the toxicities of these compounds to snails.

Sesquiterpenoids from cigar tobacco leaves.

Phytochemical investigation on cigar tobacco leaves led to four unknown sesquiterpenoids as well as nine reported ones. Among of them, 3-acetoxy--damascone was first found in tobacco leaves. All the structures were elucidated by intensive spectroscopic analyses and X-ray diffraction.

Two Novel -Type and an Oxindole Glucuronide Alkaloid from Disclose Related Biosynthetic Pathways to .

Phytochemical investigation of the two species (Apocynaceae) . Wall. and .

Discovery and biological evaluation of a new type of dual inhibitors of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase from ethnomedicinal plant Dactylicapnos scandens.

The root of Dactylicapnos scandens (D.Don.) Hutch (Papaveraceae), one of the most famous ethno-medicinal plants from the Bai communities in P.

Diverse aspidosperma-type alkaloids from the leaves of Tabernaemontana bovina with anti-hepatoma activity.

Seventeen undescribed Aspidosperma-type alkaloids (ASPs), along with nine known ones were isolated from the leaves of Tabernaemontana bovina. Taberbovermines A and B were assigned to tabersonine-type with a contracted A- and E-ring, respectively. Taberbovermine C was attributed to tabersonine without D ring.

ARL6IP1 mediates small-molecule-induced alleviation of Alzheimer pathology through FXR1-dependent BACE1 translation initiation.

Exploring the potential lead compounds for Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains one of the challenging tasks. Here, we report that the plant extract conophylline (CNP) impeded amyloidogenesis by preferentially inhibiting BACE1 translation via the 5' untranslated region (5'UTR) and rescued cognitive decline in an animal model of APP/PS1 mice. ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 6-interacting protein 1 (ARL6IP1) was then found to mediate the effect of CNP on BACE1 translation, amyloidogenesis, glial activation, and cognitive function.

Anti-inflammatory maistemonine-class alkaloids of Stemona japonica.

Three hitherto undescribed Stemona alkaloids, named stemajapines A-C (1-3), along with six known alkaloids (4-9), were isolated and identified from the roots of Stemona japonica (Blume) Miq. (Stemonaceae). Their structures were established by the analysis of the mass data, NMR spectra, and computational chemistry.

Identification of undescribed key impurities of homoharringtonine bulk drug.

The knowledge of impurities is an important issue and the base of quality control in modern drugs. To date, the quality control of the antitumor drug homoharringtonine (HHT) is still not sufficiently solved and needs to be improved. Six main impurities, drupacine, cephalotaxine, desmethylcephalotaxinone, harringtonine, 3--acetyl-cephalotaxine and 2',3'-isoharringtonine were traced during HHT drug production by HPLC and LC-MS analyses.

Dimeric alkaloids from the barks of Erythrina variegata as well as their occurrence.

Thirteen undescribed dimeric Erythrina alkaloids, named as erythrivarines A1-A13, were isolated from the barks of Erythrina variegata L. and. Their structures were determined on the basis of NMR, UV and mass spectral analyses.

Identification of BGN and THBS2 as metastasis-specific biomarkers and poor survival key regulators in human colon cancer by integrated analysis.

Background: Colon cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Exploring key regulators in colon cancer metastatic progression could lead to better outcomes for patients.

Methods: Initially, the transcriptional profiles of 681 colonrectal cancer (CRC) cases were used to discover signature genes that were significantly correlated with colon cancer metastasis.

Nematocidal alkaloids from the roots of Stemona mairei (H.Lév.)K.Krause and identification of their pharmacophoric moiety.

Fifteen undescribed Stemona alkaloids, named as stemarines A-O (1-15), along with 25 known alkaloids (16-40), were isolated and identified from the roots of Stemona mairei (H.Lév.)K.

Enantiomeric Cephalotaxus alkaloids from seeds of Cephalotaxus oliveri.

Five undescribed alkaloids were isolated from the seeds of Cephalotaxus oliveri along with 27 known ones. The new structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic data including 1D and 2D NMR, MS and calculated ECD spectra. Among them, (+)-acetylcephalofortine C was an enantiomeric Cephalotaxine alkaloids.

Cephalotaxine homologous alkaloids from seeds of Cephalotaxus oliveri Mast.

Six undescribed isoquinoline alkaloids, named as cephaloliverines A-F, were isolated from the seeds of Cephalotaxus oliveri. They were identified by NMR and MS spectroscopic data analyses, combined with the time-dependent density functional theory ECD calculation for cephaloliverines A and B and also by X-ray crystal diffraction for cephaloliverine E. Biosynthetic considerations suggest that cephaloliverines A-D are homologous of cephalotaxine-, homoerythrina- and Erythrina-type alkaloids.

Dimeric Erythrina alkaloids as well as their key units from Erythrina variegata.

Ten dimeric and two monomeric Erythrina alkaloids, all of them are undescribed, were isolated from the bark of Erythrina variegata L. and named as erythrivarines O-Z. Their structures were determined on the basis of NMR and UV-spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.

Colored Dimeric Alkaloids from the Barks of and Their Neuroprotective Effects.

Five dimeric alkaloids, named erythrivarines J-N, were isolated from the barks of L. (Fabaceae). The erythrivarines J-L featured a 6/6/5/6/6/5/6/6/6 ring system and super conjugated double bond systems, causing intense color from blue to wine red, while erythrivarines M-N looked orange.

Trimeric and dimeric Aspidosperma-type alkaloids from leaves of Tabernaemontana divaricata 'Dwaft'.

Continued interest in bioactive monoterpenoid indole alkaloids and the purpose to explore the artificial cultivation influence on the chemical composition in the same plant species, 8 undescribed Aspidosperma-type alkaloids including two unprecedented trimers, taberdivarines A-B (1-2), and six new dimers, taberdivarines CH (3-8), together with 9 known bisindoles were isolated from the leaves of Tabernaemontana divaricata 'Dwaft'. Notably, taberdivarines A and B were the first cases of Aspidosperma-Aspidosperma-Aspidosperma-type alkaloids with furan ring linkage patterns of the natural products. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analyse.

A New World Monkey Resembles Human in Bitter Taste Receptor Evolution and Function via a Single Parallel Amino Acid Substitution.

Bitter taste receptors serve as a vital component in the defense system against toxin intake by animals, and the family of genes encoding these receptors has been demonstrated, usually by family size variance, to correlate with dietary preference. However, few systematic studies of specific Tas2R to unveil their functional evolution have been conducted. Here, we surveyed Tas2R16 across all major clades of primates and reported a rare case of a convergent change to increase sensitivity to β-glucopyranosides in human and a New World monkey, the white-faced saki.