Development of Pd-based catalysts for hydrogenation of nitrite and nitrate in water: A review.

Pd-based catalytic hydrogenation for nitrate decontamination has been the subject of extensive research over the past 30 years. Advances in computational simulation, nanomaterial synthesis, and experimental characterization in the past decade have generated new understandings of the reaction mechanisms, guided the development of various catalysts with enhanced performance, and brought revolutionary upgrades to conventional nitrate treatment technologies. However, technical and economic challenges are still limiting its large-scale implementation.

A hybrid catalytic hydrogenation/membrane distillation process for nitrogen resource recovery from nitrate-contaminated waste ion exchange brine.

Ion exchange is widely used to treat nitrate-contaminated groundwater, but high salt usage for resin regeneration and management of waste brine residuals increase treatment costs and add environmental burdens. Development of palladium-based catalytic nitrate treatment systems for brine treatment and reuse has showed promising activity for nitrate reduction and selectivity towards the N over the alternative product ammonia, but this strategy overlooks the potential value of nitrogen resources. Here, we evaluated a hybrid catalytic hydrogenation/membrane distillation process for nitrogen resource recovery during treatment and reuse of nitrate-contaminated waste ion exchange brines.

Performance-advantaged ether diesel bioblendstock production by a priori design.

Lignocellulosic biomass offers a renewable carbon source which can be anaerobically digested to produce short-chain carboxylic acids. Here, we assess fuel properties of oxygenates accessible from catalytic upgrading of these acids a priori for their potential to serve as diesel bioblendstocks. Ethers derived from C and C carboxylic acids are identified as advantaged fuel candidates with significantly improved ignition quality (>56% cetane number increase) and reduced sooting (>86% yield sooting index reduction) when compared to commercial petrodiesel.

Exposure of Microcystis aeruginosa to hydrogen peroxide and titanium dioxide under visible light conditions: Modeling the impact of hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical on cell rupture and microcystin degradation.

The aims of this study are to evaluate, under visible light conditions, the ability of HO and TiO to produce OH, their quantitative impacts on the cell integrity of Microcystis, and the subsequent release and degradation of microcystins (MCs). A sequential reaction model was developed, including one sub-model to simulate the rupture kinetics for cell integrity of Microcystis, and another to describe the release and degradation of MCs. For cell rupture, the dual-oxidant Delayed Chick-Watson model (DCWM) and dual-oxidant Hom model (HM) were first proposed and developed, giving excellent simulation results of cell rupture kinetics.

Ruthenium Catalysts for the Reduction of N-Nitrosamine Water Contaminants.

N-Nitrosamines have raised extensive concern due to their high toxicity and detection in treated wastewater and drinking water. Catalytic reduction is a promising alternative technology to treat N-nitrosamines, but to advance this technology pathway, there is a need to develop more-efficient and cost-effective catalysts. We have previously discovered that commercial catalysts containing ruthenium (Ru) are unexpectedly active in reducing nitrate.

Exposure of Microcystis aeruginosa to Hydrogen Peroxide under Light: Kinetic Modeling of Cell Rupture and Simultaneous Microcystin Degradation.

The effect of hydrogen peroxide on the cell integrity of a cyanobacterium, Microcystis aeruginosa, and on the release and degradation of microcystins (MCs) under simulated sunlight was investigated. The cyanobacterium was exposed to H2O2 in the range of 0-60 mg·L(-1) for 3.5 h.

[Characterizing the toxicity interaction of the binary mixture between DMSO and pesticide by the multi-effect residual analysis (MERA)].

Three groups of binary mixtures between dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and three widely used pesticides, dimethoate (DIM), dichlorvos (DIC), and metalaxyl (MET), were respectively constructed by using the direct equipartition ray design (EquRay). The luminescent inhibition toxicities of single chemical and binary mixtures to Vibrio qinghaiensis sp. -Q67 were determined by the microplate toxicity analysis (MTA).