Identification of Two Novel QTL for Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in German Wheat Cultivar Centrum.

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating disease that occurs in warm and humid environments. The German wheat 'Centrum' has displayed moderate to high levels of FHB resistance in the field for many years. In this study, an F recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from cross 'Centrum' × 'Xinong 979' was evaluated for FHB response following point inoculation in five environments.

Modification of low temperature-related hospital admissions for cardiovascular diseases by multiple green space indicators at multiple spatial scales: Evidence from Guangzhou, China.

Background: Extreme temperatures have an adverse effect on the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Previous literatures tend to discuss the modification of CVDs occurrence by green space under high temperature. Relatively less attention is paid to the modification under low temperature.

Ruthenium/TiO -Catalyzed Hydrogenolysis of Polyethylene Terephthalate: Reaction Pathways Dominated by Coordination Environment.

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) hydrogenolysis can produce benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX), where the selectivity control is challenging. We report a reaction pathway dictated by the Ru coordination environment by examining the binding geometries of adsorbates on differently coordinated Ru centers and their evolution during PET hydrogenolysis. A BTX yield of 77 % was obtained using a Ru/TiO with a Ru coordination number of ca.

Comparison of the association between different ozone indicators and daily respiratory hospitalization in Guangzhou, China.

Background: Epidemiological studies have widely proven the impact of ozone (O) on respiratory mortality, while only a few studies compared the association between different O indicators and health.

Methods: This study explores the relationship between daily respiratory hospitalization and multiple ozone indicators in Guangzhou, China, from 2014 to 2018. It uses a time-stratified case-crossover design.

Associations between Different Ozone Indicators and Cardiovascular Hospital Admission: A Time-Stratified Case-Crossover Analysis in Guangzhou, China.

Epidemiological studies reported that ozone (O) is associated with cardiovascular diseases. However, only few of these studies examined the impact of multiple O indicators on cardiovascular hospital admissions. This study aimed to explore and compare the impacts of different O indicators on cardiovascular hospital admissions in Guangzhou, China.

Short-term health impacts related to ozone in China before and after implementation of policy measures: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This paper presents a meta-analysis of the impacts of short-term exposure to ozone (O) on three health endpoints: all-cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality in China. All relevant studies from January 1990 to December 2021 were searched from four databases. After screening, 30 studies were included for the meta-analysis.

Engineering electronic platinum-carbon support interaction to tame carbon monoxide activation.

CO oxidation has been studied for more than a century; however, molecular-level understanding of its activation protocol and related intermediates remains elusive. Here, we present a unified mechanistic and kinetic picture of various electronic metal-support interactions within platinum-carbon catalysts via in situ spectroscopic/kinetic analyses and multi-scale simulations. Transient kinetic analysis and molecular dynamics simulations with a reactive force field provided a quantitative description of the competition between the oxygen association and oxygen dissociation mechanisms tuned by the interfacial charge distribution and CO coverage.

A Health Impact and Economic Loss Assessment of O and PM Exposure in China From 2015 to 2020.

China is in a critical air quality management stage. Rapid industrial development and urbanization has resulted in non-ignorable air pollution, which seriously endangers human health. Assessment of the health impacts and economic losses of air pollution is essential for the prevention and control policy formulation.

Temporal and Spatial Heterogeneity of PM Related to Meteorological and Socioeconomic Factors across China during 2000-2018.

In recent years, air pollution caused by PM in China has become increasingly severe. This study applied a Bayesian space-time hierarchy model to reveal the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of the PM concentrations in China. In addition, the relationship between meteorological and socioeconomic factors and their interaction with PM during 2000-2018 was investigated based on the GeoDetector model.

Determinant Powers of Socioeconomic Factors and Their Interactive Impacts on Particulate Matter Pollution in North China.

Severe air pollution has significantly impacted climate and human health worldwide. In this study, global and local Moran's was used to examine the spatial autocorrelation of PM pollution in North China from 2000-2017, using data obtained from Atmospheric Composition Analysis Group of Dalhousie University. The determinant powers and their interactive effects of socioeconomic factors on this pollutant are then quantified using a non-linear model, GeoDetector.

Spatial pattern of the population casualty rate caused by super typhoon Lekima and quantification of the interactive effects of potential impact factors.

Background: Typhoons greatly threaten human life and property, especially in China. Therefore, it is important to make effective policy decisions to minimize losses associated with typhoons.

Methods: In this study, the GeoDetector method was used to quantify the determinant powers of natural and socioeconomic factors, and their interactions, on the population casualty rate of super typhoon Lekima.

The Coupled Impact of Emergency Responses and Population Flows on the COVID-19 Pandemic in China.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread around the world and requires effective control measures. Like the human-to-human transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the distribution of COVID-19 was driven by population flow and required emergency response measures to slow down its spread and degrade the epidemic risk. The local epidemic risk of COVID-19 is a combination of emergency response measures and population flow.

Spatiotemporal variations in the incidence of bacillary dysentery and long-term effects associated with meteorological and socioeconomic factors in China from 2013 to 2017.

Bacillary dysentery is a global public health problem that exhibits manifest spatiotemporal heterogeneity. However, long-term variations and regional determinant factors remain unclear. In this study, the Bayesian space-time hierarchy model was used to identify the long-term spatiotemporal heterogeneity of the incidence of bacillary dysentery and quantify the associations of meteorological factors with the incidence of bacillary dysentery in northern and southern China from 2013 to 2017.

Spatiotemporal heterogeneity of PM and its relationship with urbanization in North China from 2000 to 2017.

Fine particulate matter (PM) pollution is becoming an increasing global concern due to rapid urbanization and socioeconomic development, especially in North China. Although North China experiences poor air quality and high PM concentrations, their spatial heterogeneity and relationship with the relative spatial risks of air pollution have not been explored. Therefore, in this study, the temporal variation trends (slope values) of the PM concentrations in North China from 2000 to 2017 were first quantified using the unitary linear regression model, and the Bayesian space-time hierarchy model was introduced to characterize their spatiotemporal heterogeneity.

Effects of temperature fluctuations on spatial-temporal transmission of hand, foot, and mouth disease.

Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), predominantly occurs among infants and children. Previous studies have shown that suitable, stable temperatures favor HFMD virus reproduction; however, temperature fluctuations also affect virus transmission, and there are, so far, no studies concerning the association between such fluctuations and the incidence of HFMD. The objective of this study was to map the spatial-temporal distribution of HFMD incidence and quantify the long-term effects of temperature fluctuations on HFMD incidence in children.

Spatial heterogeneity of the association between temperature and hand, foot, and mouth disease risk in metropolitan and other areas.

Interest in assessing the effects of temperature on hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) has increased. However, little evidence is available on spatial heterogeneity in relationship to temperature and HFMD in metropolitan (capital city and municipal districts) and other areas where economic levels are significantly different. In this study, the Bayesian space-time hierarchy model was applied to identify the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of HFMD.

Effector gene silencing mediated by histone methylation underpins host adaptation in an oomycete plant pathogen.

The relentless adaptability of pathogen populations is a major obstacle to effective disease control measures. Increasing evidence suggests that gene transcriptional polymorphisms are a strategy deployed by pathogens to evade host immunity. However, the underlying mechanisms of transcriptional plasticity remain largely elusive.

Spatial-temporal heterogeneity of hand, foot and mouth disease and impact of meteorological factors in arid/ semi-arid regions: a case study in Ningxia, China.

Background: The incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) varies over space and time and this variability is related to climate and social-economic factors. Majority of studies on HFMD were carried out in humid regions while few have focused on the disease in arid/semi-arid regions, more research in such climates would potentially make the mechanism of HFMD transmission clearer under different climate conditions.

Methods: In this paper, we explore spatial-temporal distribution of HFMD in Ningxia province, which has an arid/semi-arid climate in northwest China.

Globally analysing spatiotemporal trends of anthropogenic PM concentration and population's PM exposure from 1998 to 2016.

Air pollution in the form of particulate matter (PM) is becoming one of the greatest current threats to human health on a global scale. This paper firstly presents a Bayesian space-time hierarch piecewise regression model (BSTHPRM) which can self-adaptively detect the transitions of local trends, accounting for spatial correlations. The spatiotemporal trends of the approximately anthropogenic PM removed natural dust (PM) concentrations and the corresponding population's PM exposure (PPME) in the global continent from 1998 to 2016 were investigated by the presented BSTHPRM.

Spatiotemporal evolution of global population ageing from 1960 to 2017.

Background: Population ageing is an increasingly severe global issue. And this has been posing challenges for public health policies and medical resource allocation There are various features of population ageing in different regions worldwide.

Methods: All data were obtained from the health data of World Bank Open Data.

Spatiotemporal decomposition and risk determinants of hand, foot and mouth disease in Henan, China.

Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) remains an increasing public health concern. The spatiotemporal variation of HFMD can be represented from multiple-perspectives, and it may be driven by different dominant factors. In this study, the HFMD cases in children under the age of five years in each county in Henan province, China, from 2009 to 2013 were assessed to explore the integrative spatiotemporal patterns of HFMD and investigate their driving factors.

Space-time heterogeneity of hand, foot and mouth disease in children and its potential driving factors in Henan, China.

Background: Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) has become a substantial threat recently. However few studies have quantified spatiotemporal heterogeneity of HFMD and detected spatiotemporal interactive effect of potential driving factors on this disease.

Methods: Using GeoDetector and Bayesian space-time hierarchy model, we characterized the epidemiology of HFMD in Henan, one of the largest population provinces in China, from 2012 to 2013, and quantified the impacts of potential driving factors.

Spatiotemporal Risk of Bacillary Dysentery and Sensitivity to Meteorological Factors in Hunan Province, China.

Bacillary dysentery remains a public health concern in the world. Hunan Province is one of the provinces having the highest risk of bacillary dysentery in China, however, the spatial-temporal distribution, variation of bacillary dysentery and sensitivity to meteorological factors in there are unclear. In this paper, a Bayesian space-time hierarchical model (BSTHM) was used to detect space-time variation, and effects of meteorological factors between 2010 and 2015.