Research on BC/PEEK Composite Material Radiation Shielding.

There are various types of charged particles in the space environment, which can cause different types of radiation damage to materials and devices, leading to on-orbit failures and even accidents for spacecraft. Developing lightweight and efficient radiation-shielding materials is an effective approach to improving the inherent protection of spacecraft. The protective performance of different materials against proton and electron spectra in the Earth's radiation belts is evaluated using a Geant4 simulation.

Dual Polarization of Ni Sites at VO-NiN Interface Boosts Ethanol Oxidation Reaction.

Substituting thermodynamically favorable ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) engenders high-efficiency hydrogen production and generates high value-added products as well. However, the main obstacles have been the low activity and the absence of an explicit catalytic mechanism. Herein, a heterostructure composed of amorphous vanadium oxide and crystalline nickel nitride (VO-NiN) is developed.

Correlation between gut microbiota characteristics and non-small cell lung cancer based on macrogenomics sequencing.

Objective: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients undergoing chemotherapy and immunotherapy experience disturbances in the gut microbiota. This study intends to find out the correlation between gut microbiota and clinical indices before and after radiotherapy for NSCLC.

Methods: Ten patients with primary NSCLC were screened, and plasma and fecal samples were collected before and after radiotherapy, respectively.

HPV specificity and multiple infections and association with cervical cytology in Chongqing, China: a cross-sectional study.

Background: It is important to assess the relationship between specific HPV genotype or multiple infection and cervical cytology. The protection provided by the HPV vaccine is type-specific, and the epidemiology feature of coinfections needs to be investigated. The aim is to provide baseline information for developing HPV vaccination and management of HPV-positive populations in the region.

Antibody-drug conjugates in cancer therapy: mechanisms and clinical studies.

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) consist of monoclonal antibodies that target tumor cells and cytotoxic drugs linked through linkers. By leveraging antibodies' targeting properties, ADCs deliver cytotoxic drugs into tumor cells via endocytosis after identifying the tumor antigen. This precise method aims to kill tumor cells selectively while minimizing harm to normal cells, offering safe and effective therapeutic benefits.

Successful Treatment of Switching EGFR-TKIs for Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma Due to Interstitial Lung Disease: A Case Report.

Introduction: Icotinib and almonertinib are efficacious for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) factor patients with epidermal growth receptor (EGFR)-mutation. Patients who previously used EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR TKI) may switch to another one due to the adverse events.

Case Presentation: Here, we report a case of a 73-year-old male patient with advanced lung adenocarcinoma in which an EGFR (exon 21 L858R substitution) was found.

An antifouling electrochemical biosensor based on oxidized bacterial cellulose and quaternized chitosan for reliable detection of involucrin in wound exudate.

The monitoring of biomarkers in wound exudate is of great importance for wound care and treatment, and electrochemical biosensors with high sensitivity are potentially useful for this purpose. However, conventional electrochemical biosensors always suffer from severe biofouling when performed in the complex wound exudate. Herein, an antifouling electrochemical biosensor for the detection of involucrin in wound exudate was developed based on a wound dressing, oxidized bacterial cellulose (OxBC) and quaternized chitosan (QCS) composite hydrogel.

A highly stable electrochemical sensor with antifouling and antibacterial capabilities for mercury ion detection in seawater.

The monitoring of heavy metal ions in ocean is crucial for environment protection and assessment of seawater quality. However, the detection of heavy metal ions in seawater with electrochemical sensors, especially for long-term monitoring, always faces challenges due to marine biofouling caused by the nonspecific adsorption of microbial and biomolecules. Herein, an electrochemical aptasensor, integrating both antifouling and antibacterial properties, was developed for the detection of Hg in the ocean.

Photodeposition of Gold Nanoparticles with Exposed High-Activity Crystal Facets under Different Sacrificial Agents.

photodeposition presents a powerful approach for integrating noble metal co-catalysts onto semiconductor surfaces. However, achieving precise control over the microstructure of the deposited co-catalyst remains a major challenge. Au nanoparticles (NPs) are deposited onto H-KCNO using HAuCl in the presence of various sacrificial agents in this study.

Selective Access to Functional Fluoroenones via Palladium-Catalyzed Selenofluoroalkylacylation of Terminal Alkynes.

The trifluoromethylacyl group (-COCF) is an important motif and widely studied in catalysis, medicinal chemistry, and materials science. Herein, a novel palladium-catalyzed selenofluoroalkylacylation of terminal alkynes with commercially available fluoroalkyl anhydride and diorganyl diselenides to afford β-seleno and aryl/alkyl disubstituted enones under mild conditions is disclosed. In addition, selenodifluoroacetylations and selenoperfluoroacetylations are also suitable for this reaction.

A stretchable wearable sensor with dual working electrodes for reliable detection of uric acid in sweat.

Wearable sweat sensors with stretch capabilities and robust performances are desired for continuous monitoring of human health, and it remains a challenge for sweat sensors to detect targets reliably in both static and dynamic states. Herein, a flexible sweat sensor was created using a cost-effective approach involving the utilization of three-dimensional graphene foam and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The flexible electrochemical sensor was fabricated based on PDMS and Pt/Pd nanoparticles modified 3D graphene foam for the detection of uric acid in sweat.

Efficacy and safety of thrombopoietin receptor agonists in solid tumors with chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia: a meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RAs) in solid tumors with chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (CIT).

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, FMRS, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EMBASE, and ClinicalTrials.gov for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting the efficacy and safety of TPO-RAs in solid tumors with CIT.

Epidemiologic characteristics of high-risk HPV and the correlation between multiple infections and cervical lesions.

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) and the correlation between multiple infections and cervical lesions.

Methods: The current study involved population-based sample of 20,059 women who underwent cervical screening for 15 HR-HPV genotypes with ThinPrep cytologic test (TCT) results. The correlation between multiple HPV genotype infections and cervical lesions was also determined.

A low-fouling electrochemical biosensor for biomarker detection in serum based on designed α/β-peptides with anti-enzymolysis and antifouling capabilities.

The zwitterionic peptides, especially those composed of glutamic (E) and lysine (K) groups have drawn enormous attention as antifouling biomaterials owing to their strong hydration capability and biocompatibility. However, the susceptibility of α-amino acid K to the proteolytic enzymes in human serum limited the broad application of such peptides in biological media. Herein, a new multifunctional peptide with favorable stability in human serum was designed, and it was composed of three sections with immobilizing, recognizing and antifouling capabilities, respectively.

A real-world analysis of survival and cost-effectiveness of sintilimab plus bevacizumab biosimilar regimen in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose: Programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor sintilimab plus bevacizumab has been approved as the first-line treatment for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (aHCC). However, the clinical benefits of sintilimab plus bevacizumab in a real-world setting in China is insufficiently defined to date. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of sintilimab plus bevacizumab biosimilar in a real-word cohort of patients with aHCC from China.

Antifouling improvement in Pb ion selective electrodes by using an environmentally friendly capsaicin derivative.

Biofouling is a critical issue for ion selective electrodes (ISE) in complex aqueous systems, seriously compromising the analytical performance of the electrodes (i.e., stability, sensitivity, and lifetime).

Antifouling zwitterionic peptide hydrogel based electrochemical biosensor for reliable detection of prostate specific antigen in human serum.

An electrochemical biosensor based on the antifouling zwitterionic peptide hydrogel (CFEFKFC) and the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) was fabricated to accurately detect prostate specific antigen (PSA) in complex human serum. The electrode was modified with the conducting polymer PEDOT and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in sequence through electrodeposition, and then the designed zwitterionic peptide hydrogel prepared through self-assembly was immobilized onto the modified electrode surface via the Au-S bond. The zwitterionic peptide hydrogel with cysteine terminal is easy for immobilization onto the gold surface, and it is also suitable for the immobilization of biomolecules such as PSA antibody in this work, through the formation of covalent amide bonds.

-Selective Chlorosulfonylation of Alkynes via a Copper-Powder-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Addition Reaction and Mechanistic Studies.

Copper-powder-catalyzed -selective chlorosulfonylation of readily available alkynes by an atom transfer radical addition (ATAR) process has been developed, providing straightforward access to a broad range of ()-β-chlorovinylsulfones in good yields under mild conditions. In addition, this method is ligand-free and features excellent stereoselectivity and high atom economy. Moreover, the product was obtained without an apparent loss of yield when the reaction was performed on the gram scale at a low catalyst loading.

Effect of concentration of glycidol on the properties of resorcinol-formaldehyde aerogels and carbon aerogels.

By using glycidol as a catalyst, high porosity, low-density resorcinol (R) and formaldehyde (F) aerogels and carbon aerogels (CAs) were synthesized a sol-gel method. The effect of glycidol and water on the color, density, morphology, textual characteristics and adsorption properties of the resultant RF aerogels and CAs were investigated in detail. The results revealed that the properties of RF aerogels and CAs can be controlled by adjusting the amount of glycidol and water.

Tumor-induced erythroid precursor-differentiated myeloid cells mediate immunosuppression and curtail anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment efficacy.

Despite the unprecedented success of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as anti-cancer therapy, it remains a prevailing clinical need to identify additional mechanisms underlying ICI therapeutic efficacy and potential drug resistance. Here, using lineage tracking in cancer patients and tumor-bearing mice, we demonstrate that erythroid progenitor cells lose their developmental potential and switch to the myeloid lineage. Single-cell transcriptome analyses reveal that, notwithstanding quantitative differences in erythroid gene expression, erythroid differentiated myeloid cells (EDMCs) are transcriptionally indistinguishable from their myeloid-originated counterparts.

Facile preparation of Zn Cd S/ZnS heterostructures with enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution under visible light.

Hydrogen evolution from water using solar energy is regarded as a most promising process, thus, exploring efficient photocatalysts for water splitting is highly desirable. To avoid the rapid recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes in CdZnS semiconductors, Zn Cd S/ZnS composites were synthesized a one-step hydrothermal method and then annealed at 400 °C for 60 min under argon flow. Zn Cd S/ZnS composites are composed of ZnS nanosheets decorated with Zn Cd S nanorods, and TEM and UV-vis absorption spectra confirm the formation of the heterostructure between Zn Cd S nanorods and ZnS nanosheets.

Clinical characteristics of primary hepatic angiosarcoma outcomes: a SEER database analysis.

Background: Primary hepatic angiosarcoma (PHA) is a rare malignant tumor. We explored the demographic features and prognostic factors of PHA.

Methods: We used the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to extract patients diagnosed with PHA from 1975 to 2016.

Access to -Dibromoenones Enabled by Carbon-Centered Radical Addition to Terminal Alkynes in Water Solution.

We herein report a novel and more practical approach to prepare -dibromoenones from terminal alkynes, tetrabromomethane (CBr), and water in a single step. Mechanistic studies reveal that the generation of a tribromomethyl radical with the assistance of a persulfate salt (KSO) is essential to this transformation. The reaction features readily available chemicals, a broad substrate scope, a green solvent, and mild reaction conditions, providing an efficient alternative for construction of halogen-substituted enones.

Stable Pb(II) ion-selective electrodes with a low detection limit using silver nanoparticles/polyaniline as the solid contact.

Solid contact-based ion-selective electrodes (SC-ISEs) based on silver nanoparticles/polyaniline (Ag@PANI) as the solid contact (SC) were successfully prepared. The Ag@PANI SC showed high capacitance and excellent electron transport performance. Owing to the synergetic effects of the Ag nanoparticles and PANI, a GC/Ag@PANI-II/Pb-ISE (where II refers to a Ag content of 0.

Dual-cation-doped MoSnanosheets accelerating tandem alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction.

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS) nanosheets are promising candidates as earth-abundant and low-cost catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Nevertheless, compared with the benchmark Pt/C catalyst, the application of MoSnanosheets is limited to its relatively low catalytic activity, especially in alkaline environments. Here, we developed a dual-cation doping strategy to improve the alkaline HER performance of MoSnanosheets.