Investigation of Smoking Cessation Status and Its Influencing Factors in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Purpose: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common disease with high prevalence, high mortality and high costs across the globe. Small airways are major sites contributing to airway resistance and the small airway disorder (SAD) is frequently implicated in early-stage COPD. Smoking is recognized as the leading cause of COPD and SAD.

Analysis of high-risk human papillomavirus infections and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: factors influencing awareness among women of childbearing age in southwest China.

Background: High-risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infections are a leading cause of cervical diseases among Han Chinese women of reproductive age. Despite studies like Mai . (2021) addressing HPV prevalence in Southern China, awareness remains low, especially in Southwest China.

The genetic basis and process of inbreeding depression in an elite hybrid rice.

Inbreeding depression refers to the reduced performance arising from increased homozygosity, a phenomenon that is the reverse of heterosis and exists among plants and animals. As a natural self-pollinated crop with strong heterosis, the mechanism of inbreeding depression in rice is largely unknown. To understand the genetic basis of inbreeding depression, we constructed a successive inbreeding population from the F to F generation and observed inbreeding depression of all heterotic traits in the progeny along with the decay of heterozygosity in each generation.

Mechanistic causes of sign epistasis and its applications.

Mapping genetic variations to phenotypic variations poses a significant challenge, as mutations often combine unexpectedly, diverging from assumed additive effects even in the same environment. These interactions are known as epistasis or genetic interactions. Sign epistasis, as a specific type of epistasis, involves a complete reversal of mutation effects within altered genetic backgrounds, presenting a substantial hurdle to phenotype prediction.

Lysine demethylase 5C inhibits transcription of prefoldin subunit 5 to activate c-Myc signal transduction and colorectal cancer progression.

Background: Lysine demethylase 5C (KDM5C) has been implicated in the development of several human cancers. This study aims to investigate the role of KDM5C in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) and explore the associated molecular mechanism.

Methods: Bioinformatics tools were employed to predict the target genes of KDM5C in CRC.

Dominance vs epistasis: the biophysical origins and plasticity of genetic interactions within and between alleles.

An important challenge in genetics, evolution and biotechnology is to understand and predict how mutations combine to alter phenotypes, including molecular activities, fitness and disease. In diploids, mutations in a gene can combine on the same chromosome or on different chromosomes as a "heteroallelic combination". However, a direct comparison of the extent, sign, and stability of the genetic interactions between variants within and between alleles is lacking.

Spontaneous movement of a retrotransposon generated genic dominant male sterility providing a useful tool for rice breeding.

Male sterility in plants provides valuable breeding tools in germplasm innovation and hybrid crop production. However, genetic resources for dominant genic male sterility, which hold great promise to facilitate breeding processes, are extremely rare in natural germplasm. Here we characterized the Sanming Dominant Genic Male Sterility in rice and identified the gene using a map-based cloning approach.

Suppressing a phosphohydrolase of cytokinin nucleotide enhances grain yield in rice.

One-step and two-step pathways are proposed to synthesize cytokinin in plants. The one-step pathway is mediated by LONELY GUY (LOG) proteins. However, the enzyme for the two-step pathway remains to be identified.

Fine mapping of and , two minor QTL conferring grain size and weight in rice.

Unlabelled: Rice grain size is a key determinant of both grain yield and quality. In this study, we conducted QTL mapping on grain size using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between variety Beilu130 (BL130) and variety Jin23B (J23B). A total of twenty-two QTL related to grain length (GL), grain width (GW), grain length-to-width ratio (LWR), grain thickness (GT), and thousand grain weight (TGW) were detected under two environments, and 14 of them were repeatedly detected.

FOXA2 suppresses PKM2 transcription and affects the Wnt/β-catenin activity to block aerobic glycolysis in thyroid carcinoma.

Aerobic glycolysis is critical for the energy metabolism of cancer cells. This study focuses on the regulation of forkhead box A2 (FOXA2) on pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) and their effects on the glycolytic activity and malignant phenotype of thyroid carcinoma (THCA) cells. By analysing four Gene Expression Omnibus datasets and querying bioinformatics systems, we obtained FOXA2 as a poorly expressed transcription factor in THCA.

Deep mutational scanning: A versatile tool in systematically mapping genotypes to phenotypes.

Unveiling how genetic variations lead to phenotypic variations is one of the key questions in evolutionary biology, genetics, and biomedical research. Deep mutational scanning (DMS) technology has allowed the mapping of tens of thousands of genetic variations to phenotypic variations efficiently and economically. Since its first systematic introduction about a decade ago, we have witnessed the use of deep mutational scanning in many research areas leading to scientific breakthroughs.

The effect of chronoradiotherapy on cervical cancer patients: A multicenter randomized controlled study.

Objectives: To investigate the short-term efficacy and radiotoxicity 3.543of chronoradiotherapy in patients with cervical cancer. We also examined the overall symptom score and quality of life (QOL) of patients who underwent morning radiotherapy and evening radiotherapy.

The Interaction Between SMAD1 and YAP1 Is Correlated with Increased Resistance of Gastric Cancer Cells to Cisplatin.

Drug resistance is a major obstacle leading to treating failure and poor outcome in gastric cancer (GC). This study explores the interaction between SMAD family member 1 (SMAD1) and Yes1-associated transcriptional regulator (YAP1) and their roles in cisplatin (DDP) resistance in GC. Transcriptome analysis predicted that SMAD1 is highly expressed in DDP-resistant cells.

The Number of Intraoperative Intestinal Venous Circulating Tumor Cells Is a Prognostic Factor for Colorectal Cancer Patients.

Purpose: To assess the association between intestinal venous blood (IVB) circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and clinicopathological parameters in stage I-III colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.

Methods: Participants were retrospectively retrieved, who were admitted to our hospital or took annual physical exams between December 1, 2015 and December 31, 2018. A negative enrichment-immunofluorescence in situ hybridization (NE-imFISH) technique was used to isolate and identify CTCs.

Fujian cytoplasmic male sterility and the fertility restorer gene provide a promising breeding system for hybrid rice.

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) determined by mitochondrial genes and restorer of fertility () controlled by nuclear-encoded genes provide the breeding systems of many hybrid crops for the utilization of heterosis. Although several CMS/ systems have been widely exploited in rice, hybrid breeding using these systems has encountered difficulties due to either fertility instability or complications of two-locus inheritance or both. In this work, we characterized a type of CMS, Fujian Abortive cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS-FA), with stable sporophytic male sterility and a nuclear restorer gene that completely restores hybrid fertility.

, a Strong Functional Allele of , Enhances Grain Size in Rice.

Grain size is a key determinant of both grain weight and grain quality. Here, we report the map-based cloning of a novel quantitative trait locus (QTL), (, ), which encodes the CCT motif family protein, GHD7. The QTL is located in a 53 kb deletion fragment in the cultivar Jin23B, compared with the cultivar CR071.

OsHXK3 encodes a hexokinase-like protein that positively regulates grain size in rice.

We report the map-based cloning and functional characterization of SNG1, which encodes OsHXK3, a hexokinase-like protein that plays a pivotal role in controlling grain size in rice. Grain size is an important agronomic trait determining grain yield and appearance quality in rice. Here, we report the discovery of rice mutant short and narrow grain1 (sng1) with reduced grain length, width and weight.

A Ghd7-centered regulatory network provides a mechanistic approximation to optimal heterosis in an elite rice hybrid.

Heterosis refers to the superior performance of hybrids over their parents, which is a general phenomenon occurring in diverse organisms. Many commercial hybrids produce high yield without delayed flowering, which we refer to as optimal heterosis and is desired in hybrid breeding. Here, we attempted to illustrate the genomic basis of optimal heterosis by reinvestigating the single-locus quantitative trait loci and digenic interactions of two traits, the number of spikelets per panicle (SP) and heading date (HD), using recombinant inbred lines and 'immortalized F s' derived from the elite rice (Oryza sativa) hybrid Shanyou 63.

qFC6, a major gene for crude fat content and quality in rice.

qFC6, a major quantitative trait locus for rice crude fat content, was fine mapped to be identical with Wx. FC6 negatively regulates crude fat content and rice quality. Starch, protein and lipids are the three major components in rice endosperm.

A cationic iridium(III) complex containing a thiosemicarbazide unit: Synthesis and application for turn-on chemiluminescent detection of Hg.

A novel cationic iridium(III) complex [(ppy)Ir(bPCPC)]PF (ppy: 2-phenylpyridine; bPCPC: 2-([2,2'-bipyridine]-4-carbonyl)-N-phenylhydrazinecarbothioamide) containing a thiosemicarbazide unit was designed and synthesized. The thiosemicarbazide unit was a sensitive functional group to Hg, when it reacted with Hg, it was desulphurized and thus led to the formation of 1,3,4-oxadiazole, [(ppy)Ir(bPCPC)]PF resultantly was used as a "turn-on" chemodosimeter for luminescent detection of Hg in DMF/PBS buffer solution at pH = 7-11. Except for Ag, recognition capability of [(ppy)Ir(bPCPC)]PF to Hg was not interfered by other common metal ions (Co, Li, Zn, Pb, K, Al, Na, Mn, Cu, Fe, Fe, Cr, Ba, Mg, Ni and Ca).

A MITE variation-associated heat-inducible isoform of a heat-shock factor confers heat tolerance through regulation of JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN genes in rice.

High temperatures cause huge yield losses in rice. Heat-shock factors (Hsfs) are key transcription factors which regulate the expression of heat stress-responsive genes, but natural variation in and functional characterization of Hsfs have seldom been reported. A significant heat response locus was detected via a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using green leaf area as an indicative trait.