Phycocyanin Additives Regulate Bacterial Community Structure and Antioxidant Activity of Alfalfa Silage.

Phycocyanin is a water-soluble pigment protein extracted from prokaryotes such as cyanobacteria and has strong antioxidant activity. As a silage additive, it is expected to enhance the antioxidant activity and fermentation quality of alfalfa silage. This study revealed the effects of different proportions of phycocyanin (1%, 3%, 5%) on the quality, bacterial community and antioxidant capacity of alfalfa silage.

Effect of Spirulina on the Rumen Microbiota and Serum Biochemical Parameters of Lambs.

Spirulina () is rich in a variety of fermentable fibers and prebiotics, which can promote the proliferation of beneficial flora in the intestinal tract of ruminants and optimize the balance of microorganisms in the rumen. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether dietary supplementation with Spirulina has a beneficial effect on the rumen microbial community and serum indices in lambs. For this purpose, 36 lambs with a mean weight of 21.

Combination of age-adjusted d-dimer, platelet distribution width and other factors predict preoperative deep venous thrombosis in elderly patients with femoral neck fracture.

Purpose: This retrospective cohort study aimed to identify factors associated with preoperative deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in elderly patients with femoral neck fractures, and to investigate whether combining these factors could improve the ability to predict DVT.

Method: Medical records and laboratory test results were reviewed patients presenting with a femoral neck fracture and receiving routine chemoprophylaxis for DVT between January 2020 and December 2023 in a tertiary referral, university-affiliated hospital. Preoperative DVT was confirmed by Doppler ultrasound or CT venography.

Impact of Anti-CD4 Autoantibodies on Immune Reconstitution in People With Advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

Background: Despite suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART), 15%-30% of people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) experience a limited recovery of CD4 T cells. Although autoantibodies against the CD4 receptor have previously been identified in people with HIV (PWH), little is known about their longitudinal impact on CD4 T-cell reconstitution.

Methods: Anti-CD4 autoantibodies were evaluated by the fluid-phase luciferase immunoprecipitation systems immunoassay in ART-naive people with advanced HIV (CD4 count ≤100 cells/µL), PWH with CD4 count >200 cells/µL, long-term nonprogressors, people with idiopathic CD4 lymphopenia, people with autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome, and healthy volunteers without HIV.

Targeting cuproptosis with nano material: new way to enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapy in colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer has emerged as one of the predominant malignant tumors globally. Immunotherapy, as a novel therapeutic methodology, has opened up new possibilities for colorectal cancer patients. However, its actual clinical efficacy requires further enhancement.

Biophysical Basis of Paracellular Barrier Modulation by a Pan-Claudin-Binding Molecule.

Claudins are a 27-member protein family that form and fortify specialized cell contacts in endothelium and epithelium called tight junctions. Tight junctions restrict paracellular transport across tissues by forming molecular barriers between cells. Claudin-binding molecules thus hold promise for modulating tight junction permeability to deliver drugs or as therapeutics to treat tight junction-linked disease.

Differential diagnosis of gastric submucosal masses and external pressure lesions.

Lesions of the left triangular ligament of the liver are rare, and there are even fewer cases of vascular tumors misdiagnosed as gastrointestinal stromal tumors. We comment on the two cases reported in the article. The article did not include pictures of laparoscopic surgery, making it unconvincing.

The nanocellulose fiber scaffold to construct a hierarchical phenolic coating on cotton fiber surfaces for inactivating pathogens through an enhanced protein adsorption mechanism.

Emerging pathogens present a significant societal threat, and biological protection textiles are expected to play a pivotal role in controlling their spread. However, incorporating highly effective pathogen transmission-blocking abilities into textiles while ensuring their large-scale production remains challenging. This work has successfully developed a hierarchically structured coating for cotton fibers, which exhibits enhanced antiviral and antibacterial functionalities compared to existing phenolic coating methods.

Regulated Pricing Decisions and Diagnostic Test Choices in Personalized Medicine: Navigating the Implications Within Legal Frameworks.

Background: The emerging risk of personalized medicine is driving drug manufacturers to seek collaborations with advanced diagnostic firms, aiming to improve detection and treatment outcomes. However, the government's regulated pricing in personalized medicine affects manufacturers' strategic decisions, particularly regarding the selection of diagnostic partners. In this context, this study investigates whether the government should regulate the price of personalized medicine and how the government's regulated pricing decisions affect drug manufacturers' diagnostic test choices.

Clinical Application of DynaCT in the Study of Vascular Neointimal Hyperplasia Characteristics after Option Filter Placement.

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze neointimal hyperplasia of the inferior vena cava (IVC) after Option filter implantation by DynaCT and to provide a reference for the safety of effective neointimal hyperplasia cutting after long retrieval window filter implantation in vivo.

Methods: Clinical data on 22 patients with Option filters were retrospectively analyzed. DynaCT was used to analyze the characteristics of neointimal hyperplasia after filter implantation, including the distribution of neointimal hyperplasia and the maximum thickness of the neointimal hyperplasia.

CYP19A1 regulates chemoresistance in colorectal cancer through modulation of estrogen biosynthesis and mitochondrial function.

Chemoresistance remains a major challenge in the effective treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC), contributing to poor patient outcomes. While the molecular mechanisms underlying chemoresistance are complex and multifaceted, emerging evidence suggests that altered mitochondrial function and hormone signaling play crucial roles. In this study, we investigated the role of CYP19A1, a key enzyme in estrogen biosynthesis, in regulating chemoresistance in CRC.

Improved interfacial compatibility between unsaturated polyester resin and rice straw fibers after non-washing treatment with Ca(OH).

The agricultural industry produces a substantial volume of rice straw (RS) annually, highlighting the importance of recycling RS for sustainable materials. However, the poor interfacial compatibility between RS and polymers often leads to drawbacks in their composites, such as water-swelling and limited tensile strength. Here, we propose a novel approach using Ca(OH) that offers several distinct advantages: enhancement of interfacial compatibility, elimination of the need for water washing, and formation of calcified hybrid particles on fiber surfaces by capturing CO from the atmosphere.

Tendency to mate with short-winged partner of the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae).

Wing dimorphism is a distinguishing characteristic of brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) populations, wherein adults exhibit 2 distinct morphs: long-winged and short-winged. The presence of long-winged individuals often heralds the onset of migration, while short-winged morphs signify high reproduction and can be associated with population outbreaks. This phenomenon underscores the adaptability of these insects in response to environmental cues and their impact on agricultural ecosystems.

Virus Infection Induces Immune Gene Activation with CTCF-anchored Enhancers and Chromatin Interactions in Pig Genome.

Chromatin organization is important for gene transcription in pig genome. However, its three-dimensional (3D) structure and dynamics are much less investigated than those in human. Here, we applied the long-read chromatin interaction analysis by paired-end tag sequencing (ChIA-PET) method to map the whole-genome chromatin interactions mediated by CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) and RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) in porcine macrophage cells before and after polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [Poly(I:C)] induction.

Janus Structure Construction of Polyester-Cotton Fabrics for Achieving Excellent Moisture, Moisture-Permeability, and Antibacterial Capability.

Integration of hydrophobic and antibacterial functionalities into polyester-cotton blended (PTCO) textiles has attracted more attention but remains a challenge. Here, a Janus fabric with antibacterial effect, hydrophobicity, and enhanced moisture-permeability is fabricated using a "mist polymerization" approach. The PET fibers in the PTCO fabric are amino-functionalized through ammonolysis reactions of PET molecules with HDA, and mist treatments of poly lauryl methacrylate (PLMA) and poly(DMC-co-MA) (PDM) are applied on the two side surfaces of the PTCO-HDA fabric, respectively.

N/O Co-doped Porous Carbon with Controllable Porosity Synthesized via an All-in-One Step Method for a High-Rate-Performance Supercapacitor.

A green and economical methodology to fabricate carbon-based materials with suitable pore size distributions is needed to achieve rapid electrolyte diffusion and improve the performance of supercapacitors. Here, a method combining templates with self-activation and self-doping is proposed. By variation of the molar ratio of magnesium folate and potassium folate, the pore size distribution was effectively adjusted.

Rice BARENTSZ genes are required to maintain floral developmental stability against temperature fluctuations.

BARENTSZ (BTZ), a core component of the exon junction complex, regulates diverse developmental processes in animals. However, its evolutionary and developmental roles in plants remain elusive. Here, we revealed that three groups of paralogous BTZ genes existed in Poaceae, and Group 2 underwent loss-of-function mutations during evolution.