Two new sesquiterpenoid glycoside compounds from the calyces of L. var. Mast. Makino.

Two new sesquiterpenoid glycosides, 8 ()-eudesmane-1,3,11 (13)-triene-2-one -12---D-glucopyranoside () and dmetelisproside B (), together with ten known compounds (-) were isolated from calyces of L. var. (Mast.

Chinese expert consensus on imaging diagnosis of drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the major infectious diseases in the world with a high incidence rate. Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a key and difficult challenge in the prevention and treatment of TB. Early, rapid, and accurate diagnosis of DR-TB is essential for selecting appropriate and personalized treatment and is an important means of reducing disease transmission and mortality.

Role stress, social support and occupational burnout among physicians in China: a path analysis approach.

Background: Occupational burnout in physicians is prevalent and can have many negative effects. The purposes of this study were to explore the prevalence of occupational burnout and to analyze the effects of social support and role stress on occupational burnout among Chinese physicians.

Methods: Using multistage-stratified cluster random sampling, physicians were selected to participate in the study and completed three questionnaires: the Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory; the Cross-Cultural Role Conflict, Ambiguity and Overload Scale; and the Social Support Rating Scale.

Synthesis, physicochemical characterization and pharmacological investigation of indolacin-5-fluorouracil-1-ylmethyl ester.

The objective of this work is to synthesize indolacin-5-fluorouracil-1-ylmethyl ester and the structure was confirmed by means of UV, IR, H-NMR, C-NMR and mass spectrometry. The physicochemical parameters of melting point, solubility, apparent partition coefficient were investigated. S180 sarcoma, H22 hapatitic cancer and Lewis-transplanted mice were used to evaluate the anti-tumor activity of indolacini-5-fluorouracil-1-ylmethyl ester compared with 5-fluorouracil in vivo.

Facial emotion recognition and alexithymia in Chinese male patients with deficit schizophrenia.

Deficit schizophrenia (DS) has been proposed as a pathophysiologically distinct schizophrenia subtype. This study investigated facial emotion recognition deficits and alexithymia in DS and non-deficit schizophrenia patients (NDS) and their relationships with other clinical variables. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS), and Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) were employed to evaluate the psychiatric symptoms in patients with schizophrenia.

Neurocognitive Impairments in Deficit and Non-Deficit Schizophrenia and Their Relationships with Symptom Dimensions and Other Clinical Variables.

Background: Deficit schizophrenia (DS) has been proposed as a pathophysiologically distinct subgroup within schizophrenia. Earlier studies focusing on neurocognitive function of DS patients have yielded inconsistent findings ranging from substantial deficits to no significant difference relative to non-deficit schizophrenia patients (NDS). The present study investigated the severity and characteristic patterns of neurocognitive impairments in DS and NDS patients and their relationships with clinical variables.

The Role of the Two-Pore Domain Potassium Channel TREK-1 in the Therapeutic Effects of Escitalopram in a Rat Model of Poststroke Depression.

Aim: Poststroke depression (PSD) is one of the most common neuropsychiatric complications after stroke. TREK-1, a two-pore-domain potassium channel, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of stroke and depression. The aim of this study was to investigate whether TREK-1 plays a role in the therapeutic effects of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) escitalopram in a rat PSD model.

Selective vulnerability related to aging in large-scale resting brain networks.

Normal aging is associated with cognitive decline. Evidence indicates that large-scale brain networks are affected by aging; however, it has not been established whether aging has equivalent effects on specific large-scale networks. In the present study, 40 healthy subjects including 22 older (aged 60-80 years) and 18 younger (aged 22-33 years) adults underwent resting-state functional MRI scanning.

UPLC-MS/MS-ESI assay for simultaneous determination of magnolol and honokiol in rat plasma: application to pharmacokinetic study after administration emulsion of the isomer.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Magnolia officinalis is one of the commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of fever, chronic bronchitis and stomach ailments. Magnolol and honokiol are isomers with hydroxylated biphenol compound in the extract of Magnolia officinalis. This study aims to determine the isomers in rat plasma and evaluate their pharmacokinetic pattern after administration emulsion.

Levels of 1,25(OH)2D3 for patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and correlations of 1,25(OH)2D3 with the clinical features of TB.

Background: To determine the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] concentrations to patients with tuberculosis (TB) and whether it influenced the patient's clinical features.

Methods: For the first part, a total of 153 healthy adults and 74 patients with pulmonary TB (PTB) were enrolled. Serum concentrations of 1,25(OH)2D3 were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy to examine the 1,25(OH)2D3 concentrations of the two groups from the peripheral blood.

Protein kinase Mζ is involved in the modulatory effect of fluoxetine on hippocampal neurogenesis in vitro.

The efficacy of chronic selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) on depression is paralleled by the recovery of deficits in hippocampal neurogenesis related to sustained stress and elevated glucocorticoids. Previous studies have shown that atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) is implicated in the regulation of neurogenesis and the antidepressant response. Whether the specific aPKC isoforms (PKCζ, PKMζ and PKCι) are involved in SSRI-induced hippocampal neurogenesis and the underlying mechanisms is unknown.

Classification tree analysis of the factors influencing injury-related disability caused by the Wenchuan earthquake.

Objective: To identify the factors that influenced the risk of injury-related disability caused by the Wenchuan earthquake.

Methods: A chi-squared automatic interaction detection (CHAID) classification tree analysis was used to retrospectively analyse clinical data from patients who underwent surgical treatment for earthquake-related injuries in the first 5 days after the earthquake. The CHAID classification tree explored the relationships between the development of disability and potential influencing factors including sex, age, time interval between injury and treatment, wound type, preoperative and postoperative haemoglobin levels, and operation time.

In vitro dissolution and in vivo gamma scintigraphic evaluation of press-coated salbutamol sulfate tablets.

The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro and in vivo performance of salbutamol sulfate press-coated tablets for delayed release. The in vitro release behavior of press-coated tablets with the outer layer of PEG 6000/ Eudragit S100 blends (2:1) in pH 1.2 (0.

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C/T polymorphism is associated with antipsychotic-induced weight gain in first-episode schizophrenia.

Genetic variants of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene involved in homocysteine metabolism may be important predictors of antipsychotic drug-induced weight gain (AIWG). We tested whether two functional MTHFR polymorphisms are related to AIWG. Weight gain was studied in two cohorts of first-episode, initially drug-naive schizophrenia patients; Chinese Han (n = 182) and Spanish Caucasians (n = 72) receiving antipsychotics for 10 wk and 3 months respectively.

The association between the disruption of motor imagery and the number of depressive episodes of major depression.

Background: Mental rotation performance may be used as an index of mental slowing or bradyphrenia, and may reflect, in particular, speed of motor preparation. Previous studies suggest depressive patients present the correlates of impaired behavioural performance for mental rotation and psychomotor disturbance. The aim of this study is to compare the mental rotation abilities of patients with a first episode of depression, recurrent depression and healthy control subjects with regard to hand tasks.

The effect of chronic antipsychotic drug on hypothalamic expression of neural nitric oxide synthase and dopamine D2 receptor in the male rat.

Antipsychotic-induced sexual dysfunction is a common and serious clinical side effect. It has been demonstrated that both neuronal nitric oxide (nNOS) and dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) in the medial preoptic area (MPOA) and the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus have important roles in the regulation of sexual behaviour. We investigated the influences of 21 days' antipsychotic drug administration on expression of nNOS and DRD2 in the rat hypothalamus.

Sexual dysfunction in male schizophrenia: influence of antipsychotic drugs, prolactin and polymorphisms of the dopamine D2 receptor genes.

Aim: Sexual dysfunction induced by antipsychotic drug treatment is under investigated and under reported. This study aimed to determine the influence of genetic polymorphisms in the D2 dopamine receptor (DRD2) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes, and the possible role of blood prolactin concentrations on sexual function in schizophrenic patients.

Materials & Methods: Male remitted schizophrenic patients (n = 100), who were living with a sexual partner and receiving antipsychotic drug monotherapy for at least 6 months, were assessed for sexual and erectile dysfunction using the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale and the five-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function.

Expression of β-catenin and cyclin D1 in epidermal stem cells of diabetic rats.

The healing of diabetic wounds represents a formidable clinical challenge, and the molecular mechanisms involved in diabetic wound healing are far from clear. In this study, we investigated the expression of β-catenin and cyclin D1 in the epidermal stem cells (ESCs) of diabetic rats, and explored whether the reduction of β-catenin and its downstream target in ESCs, cyclin D1, lead to poor wound healing in diabetes mellitus (DM). We found that, compared to the controls, the ESCs of diabetic rats were markedly reduced, the clone formation efficiency of the ESCs was markedly lower, and the mRNA and protein expression of β-catenin and cyclin D1 was significantly decreased.

Hippocampal neurochemistry is involved in the behavioural effects of neonatal maternal separation and their reversal by post-weaning environmental enrichment: a magnetic resonance study.

Exposure to early life stress results in behavioural changes, and these dysfunctions may persist throughout adulthood. In this study, we investigated whether hippocampus volume and neurochemical changes were involved in the appearance of these effects in the maternal separation (MS) animal model using the noninvasive techniques of structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to MS for 180 min from postnatal days (PND) 2-14 demonstrated decreased sucrose preference, increased immobility in the forced swimming test (FST), and impaired memory in the Morris water maze in adulthood.

[Effective analysis of the posterior vertebral pedicle screw fixation, vertebral body removal, decompression and titanium mesh reconstruction for the treatment of the lower lumbar fractures].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the treatment of the lower lumbar fractures by posterior vertebral pedicle screw fixation, vertebral canal decompression,bone graft and titanium mesh reconstruction.

Methods: From January 2006 to December 2008, 22 patients with lower lumbar fractures were treated by posterior vertebral pedicle screw fixation, vertebral canal decompression, bone graft and titanium mesh reconstruction at same period. There were 18 males and 4 females with an average age of 43.

The dose-dependent effect of chronic administration of haloperidol, risperidone, and quetiapine on sexual behavior in the male rat.

Introduction: Antipsychotic drug-induced sexual dysfunction is a common and problematic side effect, which may diminish quality of life and lead to treatment noncompliance. Up to date, there is still a scarcity of basic research regarding the chronic effects of most antipsychotic agents on sexual behavior.

Aim: The present study investigated the effect of a range of doses of three antipsychotic drugs (haloperidol, risperidone, and quetiapine) on male rat sexual competence following chronic administration.

[Experimental study on the transfection of human vascular endothelial growth factor 165 gene into human marrow mesenchymal stem cells].

Objective: To establish an effective method of transfecting human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) with human vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (VEGF 165) gene.

Methods: MSCs isolated and cultured in vitro were divided into transfection group (pShuttle-CMV/VEGF 165 plasmid was transfected into MSCs through liposome-mediating method), empty plasmid group (pShuttle-CMV vehicle was transfected into MSCs as control), liposome group (liposome was transfected into MSCs as control) and control group (normal culture). Expressions of mRNA and protein of MSCs were determined by RT-PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western Blot.

The effect of chronic antipsychotic drug administration on nitric oxide synthase activity and gene expression in rat penile tissues.

Antipsychotic drug treatment may be associated with common and problematic sexual dysfunction, especially impotence, which can diminish quality of life and lead to treatment noncompliance. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is an important cellular modulator of erectile function. We have therefore investigated the effect of antipsychotic drug on activity and gene expression of NOS in rat penile tissues.