Characteristics of soil nitrogen and phosphorus fractions and microbial traits with increasing stand age in two-layered + plantations.

Soil nitrogen and phosphorus are two key elements limiting tree growth in subtropical areas. Understanding the regulation of soil microorganisms on nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition is beneficial to reveal maintenance mechanism of soil fertility in plantations. We analyzed the characteristics of soil nitrogen and phosphorus fractions, soil microbial community composition and function, and their relationship across three stands of two-layered + with different ages (4, 7 and 11 a) and the pure plantation.

Effects of community structure of sprouting forests with different densities on ecosystem carbon density at the early stage of succession.

To explore potential responses of ecosystem carbon density to changes of community structure during natural regeneration of woody plants, we analyzed the relationships between ecosystem carbon density and its components, tree species diversity, structural diversity (CV) and spatial structure parameters (mingling, aggregation, dominance, crowding) of forests with different sprouting densities (1154, 847 and 465 individuals·hm) at the early stage of succession in Baishanzu National Park. The results showed that tree species diversity (species richness index and Shannon diversity index) increased with the decrease of sprouting density of . Among the stand structural parameters, CV, stand density, and mingling increased with the decrease of sprouting density of .

Daxx knockdown promoted rDNA transcription without impairing H3.3 expression in mouse preimplantation embryos.

During fertilization, DAXX (death domain-associated protein) mediates histone variant H3.3 incorporation into heterochromatin, which plays an important role in the maintenance of genomic integrity. rDNA, the ribosomal gene, is included in the first wave of gene activation after fertilization.

The Alleviation of Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-Induced Colitis Correlate with the log Values of Food-Derived Electrophilic Compounds.

Food-derived electrophilic compounds (FECs) are small molecules with electrophilic groups with potential cytoprotective effects. This study investigated the differential effects of six prevalent FECs on colitis in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced mice and the underlying relationship with molecular characteristics. Fumaric acid (FMA), isoliquiritigenin (ISO), cinnamaldehyde (CA), ferulic acid (FA), sulforaphane (SFN), and chlorogenic acid (CGA) exhibited varying improvements in colitis on clinical signs, colonic histopathology, inflammatory and oxidative indicators, and Nrf2 pathway in a sequence of SFN, ISO > FA, CA > FMA, CGA.

Electrophilic components from Xiaoheiyao (rhizomes of Inula nervosa Wall.) alleviate the production of heterocyclic aromatic amines via creatinine inhibition.

Xiaoheiyao is the rhizome of Inula nervosa Wall., a traditional spice and medicinal herb in China. In this study, the creatinine inhibitor from Xiaoheiyao extract and also the effects and mechanism on the production of heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) were investigated.

[Geographical variation of growth traits among different provenances].

The variations in plant growth of 32 provenances in three sites (Yongfeng, Jiangxi; Kaihua, Zhejiang and Chuzhou, Anhui) were studied. The AMMI model was used to analyze the stability of growth traits and to select the best provenances. The results showed that tree height, diameter at breast (ground) height, and aboveground biomass (AGB) per individual of the provenances were significantly different in the three sites.

Effects of Ejiao peptide-iron chelates on intestinal inflammation and gut microbiota in iron deficiency anemic mice.

Iron deficiency is a global nutritional problem that adversely affects the functional regulation of the immune system. In the process of treatment through iron supplementation, the problem of excessive iron intake often occurs, which increases the level of inflammation in the body. Excessive iron can also lead to an increase in intestinal iron-requiring pathogenic bacteria and an imbalance of intestinal flora.

Chemical Space Charting of Different Parts of Wall.: Upregulation of Expression of Nrf2 and Correlated Antioxidants Enzymes.

The edible and medicinal part of Wall. () is confined to its root without sufficient phytochemical and biological investigation. In this study, the secondary metabolites of root, stem, leaf, and flower of Wall.

Flavor Components Comparison between the Neck Meat of Donkey, Swine, Bovine, and Sheep.

Donkey in China is well known for its draft purpose and transportation; however, donkey meat has attracted more and more consumers in recent years, yet it lacks sufficient information on its flavor components compared to other main meats. Therefore, in this study, volatile flavor compounds in neck meat of donkey, swine, bovine, and sheep were classified by electronic nose, then confirmed and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography were used to quantify free fatty acid, amino acid, and flavor nucleotide.

[The epigenetic regulation of ribosomal DNA and tumorigenesis].

Recent research in epigenetics suggests that defects in epigenetic regulation of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) transcription may contribute to tumorigenesis. ATRX/DAXX complex is involved in the establishment and maintenance of the silence of the rDNA gene through H3K9me3 modification at histone variant H3.3.

Histone variant H3.3 and its functions in reprogramming.

Histones are a class of evolutionarily conserved nuclear proteins. Histone octamer wrapped by DNA sequence forms the nucleosome, the basic building blocks of eukaryotic chromatin. The nucleosomes keep the DNA in a condensed state, maintain the integrity of the genome, and ensure proper DNA replication, transcription, recombination and repair.

Niga-ichigoside F1 ameliorates high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis in male mice by Nrf2 activation.

Hepatic lipid accumulation and oxidative stress (OS) lead to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Thus, we hypothesized that antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activities of niga-ichigoside F1 (NI) would ameliorate events leading to NAFLD. Lanbuzheng (Geum japonicum Thunb.

Dityrosine administration induces dysfunction of insulin secretion accompanied by diminished thyroid hormones T3 function in pancreas of mice.

Oxidized tyrosine products are commonly found in food with high protein content and have been demonstrated to cause damage of liver and kidney in our previous studies. Dityrosine (Dityr) is a typical oxidized tyrosine product. Due to its structural homology with thyroid hormones T3, we assumed that one of the endocrine systems most likely considered in connection with its disruption by Dityr may be the T3 action.

Role of miR-383 and miR-146b in different propensities to obesity in male mice.

The study was designed to investigate the possible mechanisms of hepatic microRNAs (miRs) in regulating local thyroid hormone (TH) action and ultimately different propensities to high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. When obesity-prone (OP) and obesity-resistant (OR) mice were fed HFD for 7 weeks, OP mice showed apparent hepatic steatosis, with significantly higher body weight and lower hepatic TH receptor b (TRb) expression and type 1 deiodinase (DIO1) activity than OR mice. Next-generation sequencing technology revealed that 13 miRs in liver were dysregulated between the two phenotypes, of which 8 miRs were predicted to target on or When mice were fed for 17 weeks, OR mice had mild hepatic steatosis and increased and expression than OP mice, with downregulation of T3 target genes (including , , and ) and upregulation of , , and A stem-loop qRT-PCR analysis confirmed that the levels of miR-383, miR-34a and miR-146b were inversely correlated with those of DIO1 or TRb.

Structure-based approach for the study of thyroid hormone receptor binding affinity and subtype selectivity.

Thyroid hormone (TH) possesses the ability to lower cholesterol and improve cardiac performance, which have prompted the efforts to design analogs that can utilize the cholesterol-lowering property without adversely affecting heart function. In order to gain insights into the interaction mechanism for agonists at the active site of thyroid hormone receptor β (TRβ), quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models have been developed on TRβ agonists, significant statistical coefficients were obtained (CoMFA, R(2)cv, .732), (CoMSIA, R(2)cv, .

Synthesis and evaluation of new α-methylene-γ-lactone carbamates with NO production inhibitory effects in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages.

A series of new α-methylene-γ-lactone carbamates were synthesized by an asymmetric synthetic route. The activities on inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) release of these compounds were evaluated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages.

Role of thyroid hormone homeostasis in obesity-prone and obesity-resistant mice fed a high-fat diet.

Background: The exact mechanism for different propensities to obesity when consuming a high-fat diet (HFD) is largely unknown. Thyroid hormone (TH) is an important modulator of energy homeostasis and body weight.

Objective: The present study aimed to find the potential mechanisms of TH in the development of obesity-prone (OP) and obesity-resistant (OR) mice after short-term and long-term HFD feeding.

Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of extracts from Conyza bonariensis growing in Yemen.

This study aims to examine the antioxidant and antibacterial activities and phenolic contents of Conyza bonariensis growing in Yemen. The whole plants of C. bonariensis were ultrasonically extracted by ethanol.

Differential effects of quercetin on hippocampus-dependent learning and memory in mice fed with different diets related with oxidative stress.

High fat diets induce oxidative stress which may be involved in neurodegenerative diseases. Quercetin is a kind of antioxidant that has neuroprotective effects and potent7ial pro-oxidant effects as well. In this study, we evaluated cognitive function in mice fed with high fat diets and basic diets with or without quercetin.

[Long-term effects of thinning on carbon storage in Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations].

The stand environment and tree growth could be changed as well as carbon storage be affected by thinning. Thus it is important to conduct the research on changes of carbon stock in plantations after thinning for assessing the dynamics of forest ecosystem carbon pool. The carbon storage and its distribution of various components in 22-year-old Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations were studied with control and different treatments such as moderate and heavy thinning.

Short-term Efficacy of Agents Containing KNO3 or CPP-ACP in Treatment of Dentin Hypersensitivity.

Objective: To evaluate the short-term efficacy of agents containing KNO3 or casein phosphopeptide- amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity.

Methods: UltraEZ, containing KNO3 and MI Paste, containing CPP-ACP were applied in this study. The dentin hypersensitivity of 102 subjects was established by a tactile stimulus with a Yeaple preasure probe, and the degree of hypersensitivity was measured using a visual analogue scale (VAS).

γ-Hydroxynitrile glucosides from the seeds of Prinsepia utilis.

γ-Hydroxynitrile glucosides (prinsepicyanosides A-E) were isolated alongside 11 known compounds from seeds of Prinsepia utilis Royle. Their structures were determined by detailed analysis of NMR and MS spectroscopic data. The relative configuration of prinsepicyanoside C was established by Cu-Kα X-ray crystallography.

Three new sesquiterpene lactones from Inula britannica.

One new 1,10-secoeudesmanolide (1), two eudesmanolides (2 and 3), together with nine known compounds (4-12) were isolated from the aerial parts of Inula britannica. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis, including HRESIMS and 2D-NMR spectroscopic method. In addition, compounds 1-4 were tested for their inhibitory effects against LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.