[Advances in the application of comprehensive behavioral intervention in tic disorder].

Tic disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder that occurs in children or adolescents, often attracting the attention of others due to involuntary, repetitive, and non-rhythmic tics, and drug therapy often causes negative emotions in children and their families due to its significant adverse reactions, poor compliance, and tendency of recurrence after drug withdrawal. In recent years, comprehensive behavioral intervention has shown great potential as a safe and effective treatment modality for tic disorders, with few adverse reactions. This article reviews the advances in the application of comprehensive behavioral intervention for tic disorder in China and abroad in the past 5 years, in order to provide a reference for clinical application.

MicroRNA-92a -mediated endothelial to mesenchymal transition controls vein graft neointimal lesion formation.

Purpose: Long-term failure of vein grafts due to neointimal hyperplasia remains an important problem in coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT) contributes to vein graft vascular remodeling. However, there is little study on microRNA-mediated EndMT contributions to neointimal formation in vein graft.

Adenovirus-Mediated Gene Transfer of microRNA-21 Sponge Inhibits Neointimal Hyperplasia in Rat Vein Grafts.

Vein graft failure due to neointimal hyperplasia remains an important and unresolved complication of cardiovascular surgery. microRNA-21 (miR-21) plays a major role in regulating vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and phenotype transformation. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine whether adenovirus-mediated miR-21 sponge gene therapy was able to inhibit neointimal hyperplasia in rat vein grafts.

No association of polymorphisms with neuromyelitis optica and multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica (NMO) are inflammatory demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system (CNS). Various genetic and environmental factors have been identified to contribute to etiology of MS and NMO. Aquaporin 4 (AQP4), is the most abundant water channel in CNS.

Aberrant Alternative Polyadenylation is Responsible for Survivin Up-regulation in Ovarian Cancer.

Background: Survivin is an oncoprotein silenced in normal mature tissues but reactivated in serous ovarian cancer (SOC). Although transcriptional activation is assumed for its overexpression, the long 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) in survivin gene, which contains many alternate polyadenylation (APA) sites, implies a propensity for posttranscriptional control and therefore was the aim of our study.

Methods: The abundance of the coding region, the proximal and the distal region of survivin mRNA 3'-UTR, was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in SOC samples, cell lines, and normal fallopian tube (NFT) tissues.

MicroRNA-221 sponge therapy attenuates neointimal hyperplasia and improves blood flows in vein grafts.

Background: Vein graft failure due to neointimal hyperplasia remains an important and unresolved problem of cardiovascular surgery. MicroRNA-221 (miR-221) has been shown to play a major role in regulating vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and phenotype transformation. Thus, the purpose of this study is to determine whether adenovirus mediated miR-221 sponge gene therapy could inhibit vein graft neointimal hyperplasia.

Neuroprotective effect of minocycline in a rat model of branch retinal vein occlusion.

Branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) is the second most frequent retinal vascular disorder. Currently the first-line therapies for BRVO include anti-VEGF and dexamethasone implant treatment, however, with direct or indirect damage on retinal neurons, it has limited effect in improving patients visual acuity. Therefore, novel treatments with neuroprotective effect for BRVO retina were expected.

Detection and functional annotation of misregulated microRNAs in the brain of the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome.

Background: Brain hypoplasia and mental retardation in Down syndrome (DS) can be attributed to a severe and selective disruption of neurogenesis. Secondary disruption of the transcriptome, as well as primary gene dosage imbalance, is responsible for the phenotype. MicroRNA (miRNA) expression is relatively abundant in brain tissue.

[Overexpression of high mobility group A2 and its correlation with microRNA let-7 family in serous ovarian cancers].

Objective: To examine the expression of high mobility group A2 (HMGA2), P53 and let-7 family microRNA, to investigate the correlation of HMGA2 and let-7, and to compare the HMGA2 and P53 expressions in human serous ovarian cancer.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry assay was used to examine the expressions of HMGA2 and P53 in 50 paraffin-embedded tissue specimens of human serous ovarian cancer and 4 normal fallopian tube tissues. HMGA2 mRNA and let-7 family microRNA were detected by real time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in the corresponding frozen tissues.

[Expression and significance of microRNAs in the p53 pathway in ovarian cancer cells and serous ovarian cancer tissues].

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether miR-449a, miR-449b and miR-192 family microRNAs play the same roles in p53 pathway as miR-34 family in ovarian cancer.

Methods: Wild-type p53 ovarian carcinoma cell line A2780 cells were treated with genotoxic agent adriamycin. The reactivation of p53 was detected by Western blot.

[miR-449b and miR-34c on inducing down-regulation of cell cycle-related proteins and cycle arrests in SKOV3-ipl cell, an ovarian cancer cell line].

Objective: To investigate the effects of miR-449 and miR-34 on cell growth, cell cycle and target gene expression based on these miRNA different expressions in ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV3 and SKOV3-ipl both with mutation of p53.

Methods: The expressions of miR-449a/b and miR-34b,c in SKOV3 and SKOV3-ipl were detected by RT-PCR. miR-449a,b and miR-34b,c were ectopically expressed by transfection of SKOV3-ipl.

[Abnormal expression of microRNAs in the hippocampus of Ts65Dn mice].

Objective: To identify the differentially expressed microRNAs in the hippocampus of Down Syndrome model mouse Ts65Dn.

Methods: Low molecular weight RNA from hippocampus were tailed and reverse transcribed by extended RT-primer. MicroRNAs primers were arrayed on plates according to the Tm of each primer.

Increasing specificity of real time PCR to detect microRNA through primer design and annealing temperature increase.

Objective: To investigate the non-specific and inaccurate amplification in cases of highly similar sequences among family members and the length heterogeneity of mature microRNA (miRNA), and find a condition that discriminates maximally among similar miRNA family members and detects the accurate expression level of miRNAs.

Methods: Primers with their mismatches and/or 3' end at different positions were designed. Amplification efficiencies were compared using matched and various mismatched primers by RNA-tailing and primer-extension RT-PCR at different annealing temperatures.

[Profiling of microRNAs in mouse brain with real-time PCR array].

Objective: To examine global expression levels of microRNAs(miRNAs) in mouse cerebrum and to provide an important basis for detailed studies of individual miRNAs, their target genes, the miRNA-related regulatory networks in the mammalian central nervous system, and their implications in diseases.

Methods: Low molecular weight RNA from cerebrum of five C57BL/6J mice were tailed and reverse transcribed by extended RT-primer. miRNA primers were carefully designed and arrayed on plates according to the Tm of each primer.

[Real-time quantification of microRNAs by RNA-tailing and primer-extension RT-PCR].

Objective: To optimize and evaluate the modified RNA-tailing and primer-extension RT-PCR method in relative quantification of microRNAs (miRNAs) in several kinds of tissues.

Methods: Small-sized RNAs (<200 bp) were extracted and polyadenylated by poly(A) polymerase. One-base anchored oligo-dT primers with 40 nt extension at their 5'-ends were used to reversely transcribe the poly(A)-tailed miRNAs.

[Construction of recombinant adenoviral vector containing gene of EWS-FLI1 and antitumor immunity of its modified dentritic cell in vitro].

Objective: To construct an adenoviral vector containing cDNA of EWS-FLI1 and detect its expression in peripheral blood mononeuclear cell(PBMC). To Investigate the antitumor immunity in vitro of the EWS-FLI1 gene modified-dendritic cells.

Methods: The EWS-FLI1 cDNA in plasmid Pec1/ EWS-FLI1 was digested and subcloned into the shuttle plasimid padtrack-cmv.

[Cell-cycle negative regulatory gene ANA is over-expressed in the brain tissues of patients with Down syndrome].

Objective: To investigate the expression level of genes located in chromosome 21 in the brain tissues of Down syndrome(DS).

Methods: An optimized semi-quantitative RT-PCR method was used to evaluate the expression levels of seven genes encoded in chromosome 21 in fetal cortex brain and cerebellum of DS and the control at the end of 20 weeks of gestation. B2M was used as internal reference to normalize cell loss.

Study on the adoption of Schwann cell phenotype by bone marrow stromal cells in vitro and in vivo.

Objective: To explore the possibilities of bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) to adopt Schwann cell phenotype in vitro and in vivo in SD rats.

Methods: MSCs were obtained from tibia and femur bone marrow and cultured in culture flasks. Beta-mercaptoethanol followed by retinoic acid, forskolin, basic-FGF, PDGF and heregulin were added to induce differentiation of MSCs'.

EGFP expression controlled by GFAP promoter in mesenchymal cells: an efficient tool for glial lineage selection and transplantation.

In order to demonstrate a new method to label and select enough glial cells from induced MSCs to provide cells for cell therapy, MSCs were induced with Beta-mercaptoethanol followed by retinoic acid, forskolin, basic-FGF, PDGF and heregulin. Induced MSCs were transfected with reconstructed vector pGFAP-EGFP by inserting GFAP promotor into pEGFP-N3 to substitute CMV promotor. Living cells against G418 were enriched and checked by flowcytometry.

[Apoptin induces G2-M arrest in cancer cells].

Objective: To further study the effect of apoptin in inducing cancer cell specific apoptosis and the possible applications in cancer therapy.

Methods: Apoptin gene was amplified by PCR and inserted into pcDNA3.1(+) with a FLAG tag in front of the multi-cloning-site.