Phillygenin Attenuated Colon Inflammation and Improved Intestinal Mucosal Barrier in DSS-induced Colitis Mice via TLR4/Src Mediated MAPK and NF-κB Signaling Pathways.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, relapsing, and nonspecific inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Phillygenin (PHI), a natural bioactive ingredient, isolated from , exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and hepatoprotective activities. However, few reports provide direct evidence on the efficacy of PHI in improving colitis mice.

Study on the application of Raman spectroscopy on detecting water hardness.

Laser Raman spectrum method was used to study the hardness index of four water samples. The ratio of bending vibration peak intensity to stretching vibration peak intensity of these water samples was measured. The results showed that as the total hardness of water decreases, so does the ratio.

Tacrolimus strongly inhibits multiple human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) isoforms.

The objective of the present study is to clearly evaluate the inhibitory effects of tacrolimus (tacro) on important UGT isoforms in human liver, including determination of inhibition kinetic type and calculation of inhibition kinetic parameters. An in vitro incubation system was used to investigate the inhibitory effect of tacro on UGT isoforms. The recombinant UGT isoforms were used as enzyme source, and a nonspecific substrate 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU) was utilized as substrate.

[Effect of CD40 blockade on acute renal graft rejection in rats].

Objective: To explore the effect of CD40 blockade in suppressing acute rejection of renal graft in rats.

Methods: With Wistar rats as the donor and male SD rats as the recipients, rat models of acute renal graft rejection was established. The rat models were divided into therapy group and control group, and in the former group, CD40 ligand (CD40L) monoclonal antibody was injected daily for 4 consecutive days starting on the next day following kidney transplantation.

[A simple and efficient method for establishing a mouse model of orthotopic MB49 bladder cancer].

Objective: To establish a simple and efficient method for establishing a mouse model of orthotopic superficial bladder cancer.

Methods: C57BL/6 mice were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital and catheterized with modified IV catheter (24 G). The mice were intravesically pretreated with HCl and then with NaOH, and after washing the bladders with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), 100 microl (1 x 10(7)) MB49 cells were infused and allowed to incubate in the bladder for 2 h followed intravesical mitomycin C (MMC) administration.

[Effect of adenovirus-mediated TK/GCV gene therapy in combination with TNF-alpha against murine bladder cancer cells in vitro].

Objective: To investigate the cell-killing effect of adenovirus-mediated TK-ganciclovir (GCV) gene therapy in combination with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) against murine bladder carcinoma cells in vitro.

Methods: Murine bladder carcinoma MB49 cells were transfected with the adenoviral vector containing TK gene and green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene. The transfection efficiency was observed and the TK gene expression in the transfected cells was detected by RT-PCR.