Plasma metabolomics of immune-related adverse events for patients with lung cancer treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.

Background: Metabolomics has the characteristics of terminal effects and reflects the physiological state of biological diseases more directly. Several current biomarkers of multiple omics were revealed to be associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs) occurrence. However, there is a lack of reliable metabolic biomarkers to predict irAEs.

Anion Modulation of Ag-Imidazole Cuboctahedral Cage Microenvironments for Efficient Electrocatalytic CO Reduction.

How to achieve CO electroreduction in high efficiency is a current challenge with the mechanism not well understood yet. The metal-organic cages with multiple metal sites, tunable active centers, and well-defined microenvironments may provide a promising catalyst model. Here, we report self-assembly of AgL type cuboctahedral cages from coordination dynamic Ag ion and triangular imidazolyl ligand 1,3,5-tris(1-benzylbenzimidazol-2-yl) benzene (Ag-MOC-X, X=NO, ClO, BF) via anion template effect.

Pepsin-mediated inflammation in laryngopharyngeal reflux via the ROS/NLRP3/IL-1β signaling pathway.

Background: Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is one of the most common disorders in otorhinolaryngology, affecting up to 10% of outpatients visiting otolaryngology departments. In addition, 50% of hoarseness cases are related to LPR. Pepsin reflux-induced aseptic inflammation is a major trigger of LPR; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear.

Role of rs873601 Polymorphisms in Prognosis of Lung Cancer Patients Treated with Platinum-Based Chemotherapy.

Background: Lung cancer is still the most lethal malignancy in the world, according to the report of Cancer Statistics in 2021. Platinum-based chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy is the first-line treatment in lung cancer patients. However, the 5-year survival rate is always affected by the adverse reactions and drug resistance caused by platinum-based chemotherapy.

Disruption of Iron Homeostasis to Induce Ferroptosis with Albumin-Encapsulated Pt(IV) Nanodrug for the Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common pathological type of lung cancer , accounting for approximately 85% of lung cancers. For more than 40 years, platinum (Pt)-based drugs are still one of the most widely used anticancer drugs even in the era of precision medicine and immunotherapy. However, the clinical limitations of Pt-based drugs, such as serious side effects and drug resistance, have not been well solved.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of sintilimab plus IBI305 versus sorafenib for unresectable hepatic cell carcinoma in China.

Background: Sintilimab combined with IBI305 treatment regimen had potential clinical benefits than sorafenib in the first-line treatment of patients with unresectable hepatic cell carcinoma (HCC). However, whether sintilimab plus IBI305 has economic benefits in China remains unclear.

Methods: From the perspective of Chinese payers, we used the Markov model to simulate patients with HCC receiving treatment with sintilimab plus IBI305 and sorafenib.

Research advances in immune checkpoint drugs for non-small cell lung cancer.

Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies globally, accounting for 85% of lung cancer cases. The rapid advancements in immunotherapy have significantly improved the prognosis of NSCLC patients. This article provides a comprehensive review of the clinical applications and latest research on commonly used immune checkpoint inhibitors as well as emerging immune checkpoint inhibitors and agonists in NSCLC treatment, providing valuable clinical guidance.

Association of variations in the and prognosis in lung cancer patients with platinum-based chemotherapy.

To explore the relationship between and polymorphisms and prognosis of lung cancer patients received platinum-based chemotherapy. 404 patients with lung cancer who received platinum-chemotherapy were enrolled and DNA typing was performed. Cox regression analysis and stratification analyses was performed to assess relationships between OS and PFS with SNPs genotypes.

The Emerging Role of Super-enhancers as Therapeutic Targets in The Digestive System Tumors.

Digestive system tumors include malignancies of the stomach, pancreas, colon, rectum, and the esophagus, and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Aberrant epigenetic modifications play a vital role in the progression of digestive system tumors. The aberrant transcription of key oncogenes is driven by super-enhancers (SEs), which are characterized by large clusters of enhancers with significantly high density of transcription factors, cofactors, and epigenetic modulatory proteins.

Laryngeal contact granuloma after radiotherapy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a case series.

Background: Laryngeal contact granuloma (LCG) is a benign hypertrophic lesion and phonatory injury after abnormal vocal behavior is regarded as its major etiology. Patients receiving radiation for non-laryngeal head and neck tumors are troubled by persistent voice impairment. The occurrence of LCG after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in our practice has implored us to re-exam their underlying etiology.

The Roles of EXO1 and RPA1 Polymorphisms in Prognosis of Lung Cancer Patients Treated with Platinum-Based Chemotherapy.

Background: Lung cancer is one of the major causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. DNA repair and damage response contribute to genomic instability that accompanies tumor progression. In this study, we focus on evaluating association between DNA repair polymorphisms of EXO1, RPA1, and prognosis in lung cancer patients whom received platinum-based chemotherapy.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy as the first-line treatment for advanced esophageal cancer.

Objective: The KEYNOTE-590 trial showed that individuals with advanced esophageal cancer who received Pembrolizumab in combination with chemotherapy as a first-line regimen achieved a significant extension of survival. However, this treatment option increases the financial burden on patients and the economic benefits remain to be further evaluated.

Methods: A Markov model was used to simulate 10-year survival of patients with esophageal cancer from the perspective of United States (US) Medicare payers.

The Association Between Genetic Polymorphisms of Transporter Genes and Prognosis of Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in Lung Cancer Patients.

Objective: Platinum-based chemotherapy is the first-line treatment of lung cancer. However, different individual and genetic variation effect therapy for lung cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between transport genes genetic polymorphisms and the prognosis of platinum-based chemotherapy in lung cancer patients.

Reprogramming the tumor microenvironment by genome editing for precision cancer therapy.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is essential for immune escape by tumor cells. It plays essential roles in tumor development and metastasis. The clinical outcomes of tumors are often closely related to individual differences in the patient TME.

TGF-β1-Mediated PD-L1 Glycosylation Contributes to Immune Escape c-Jun/STT3A Pathway in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Immunotherapy targeting programmed death ligand-1/programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-L1/PD-1) has achieved great success in multiple cancers, but only a small subset of patients showed clinical responses. Recent evidences have shown that post-translational modification of PD-L1 protein could regulate its protein stability and interaction with cognate receptor PD-1, thereby affecting anticancer immunotherapy in several solid tumors. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying how PD-1/PD-L1 expression is regulated still remain unclear in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

High-resolution laser induced excitation spectroscopy and decay dynamics of YNbO:Er.

The rare earth materials have attracted intensive attention due to their strong luminescent characteristic. However, the split fine Stark levels are difficult to be determined. Here we report a room-temperature detection for Stark levels of YNbO: Er using established laser-induced spectroscopy system with dye laser of superhigh resolution of wavelength at 0.

Familial Temperature-Sensitive Auditory Neuropathy: Distinctive Clinical Courses Caused by Variants of the Gene.

To investigate the clinical course and genetic etiology of familial temperature-sensitive auditory neuropathy (TSAN), which is a very rare subtype of auditory neuropathy (AN) that involves an elevation of hearing thresholds due to an increase in the core body temperature, and to evaluate the genotype-phenotype correlations in a family with TSAN. Six members of a non-consanguineous Chinese family, including four siblings complaining of communication difficulties when febrile, were enrolled in this study. The clinical and audiological profiles of the four siblings were fully evaluated during both febrile and afebrile episodes, and the genetic etiology of hearing loss (HL) was explored using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology.

Application of the Mathieu combined tunnel technique for repairing glans dehiscence after failed hypospadias repair.

Repairing glans dehiscence after failed hypospadias repair is challenging for pediatric surgeons. Here, we introduced and evaluated a newly modified Mathieu technique, Mathieu combined tunnel (MCT), which involves multiple custom-designed flaps for the shortage of flap source material after repeated operations; we also constructed a tunnel to avoid the glans incision that may carry new risks of dehiscence. This retrospective study included 26 patients who were consecutively admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University (Guangzhou, China) for glans dehiscence repair after failed hypospadias repair from October 2014 to October 2020; sixteen patients underwent surgery using the MCT (MCT group) and ten patients underwent surgery using the tubularized incised plate (TIP) technique (TIP group).

The Effects of WISP1 Polymorphisms on the Prognosis of Lung Cancer Patients with Platinum-Based Chemotherapy.

Purpose: To investigate the relationships between Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1) polymorphisms and the prognosis of platinum-based chemotherapy in lung cancer patients.

Patients And Methods: A total of 363 lung cancer patients were recruited in this study. All of them received at least two cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy.

Personalized bioconversion of Panax notoginseng saponins mediated by gut microbiota between two different diet-pattern healthy subjects.

Background: Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) as the main effective substances from P. notoginseng with low bioavailability could be bio-converted by human gut microbiota. In our previous study, PNS metabolic variations mediated by gut microbiota have been observed between high fat, high protein (HF-HP) and low fat, plant fiber-rich (LF-PF) dietary subjects.

COVID-19 one year later: a retrospect of CRISPR-Cas system in combating COVID-19.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an infectious disease caused by Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has posed a persistent global threat. The transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is wide and swift. Rapid detection of the viral RNA and effective therapy are imperative to prevent the worldwide spread of the new infectious disease.

The effect of eIF3a on anthracycline-based chemotherapy resistance by regulating DSB DNA repair.

Background: Anthracycline are inhibitors of topoisomerase II leading to DNA double strand breaks, and it is widely used for treatment of breast cancer. eIF3a is the largest subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF3) and highly expressed in breast cancer. In this study, we investigated the role of eIF3a in DSB DNA repair and the response of breast cancer patients to anthracycline-based chemotherapy.

[Male fertility in the context of COVID-19: Concern and considerations].

Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), more than 130,000 people worldwide have been infected. Many studies show that the testis is one of the organs with a high expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the receptor/binding protein of SARS-CoV-2, which has aroused public concerns about the possible damage to male fertility. This article presents a review and analysis of the existing literature, aiming to achieve an objective understanding of the significance of the ACE2 expression in the testis.