Management of granulomatous lobular mastitis: an international multidisciplinary consensus (2021 edition).

Granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM) is a rare and chronic benign inflammatory disease of the breast. Difficulties exist in the management of GLM for many front-line surgeons and medical specialists who care for patients with inflammatory disorders of the breast. This consensus is summarized to establish evidence-based recommendations for the management of GLM.

Comprehensive analysis to identify DLEU2L/TAOK1 axis as a prognostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest malignant tumors that are harmful to human health. Increasing evidence has underscored the critical role of the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory networks among various human cancers. However, the complexity and behavior characteristics of the ceRNA network in HCC were still unclear.

Occurrence mechanism and coping paths of accidents of highly aggregated tourist crowds based on system dynamics.

The safety of highly aggregated tourist crowds is a challenging and important issue. This paper not only provided a comprehensive analysis of the accidents of highly aggregated tourist crowds but also determined the occurrence mechanism and coping paths. Based on the analysis of multiple cases, we found that the variable status of highly aggregated tourist crowds was the result of the interaction of three main elements: multisource pressure, state mutations and management responses.

[Influence of ENSO Events on the Hydrogen (δH) and Oxygen (δO) Isotopic Values of Precipitation in Shanghai].

An analysis of the effect of ENSO events with different strengths on the isotopic composition of precipitation is conducted based on test data for 206 precipitation samples collected from January 2012 to February 2017 in Shanghai coupled with the archives for Nanjing, Wuhan, Fuzhou, and Hong Kong from 1961 to 2012 from the Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation (GNIP) database. During the research periods, the δD and δO values in precipitation are lower in summer and autumn but higher in winter and spring. The slope and intercept of the atmospheric precipitation lines during El Niño events are larger than during other times, while anti-temperature, precipitation amount, and vapor pressure effects are more significant than during La Niña events.

[Characteristics of Stable Isotope in Precipitation and Its Relationship with ENSO in Shanghai].

A total of 70 precipitation samples were collected from August 2014 to August 2015 in Shanghai and the oxygen and hydrogen isotope of precipitation were analyzed. The relationship between the δO and deuterium excess of precipitation and ENSO events was addressed. The results showed that δD and δO of precipitation in Shanghai were higher in winter and spring than in summer and fall.

[Magnetic Response of Dust-loaded Leaves in Parks of Shanghai to Atmospheric Heavy Metal Pollution].

To reveal the magnetic response to the atmospheric heavy metal pollution in leaves along urban parks, Camphor leaf samples, widely distributed at urban parks, were collected along the year leading wind direction of Shanghai, by setting two vertical and horizontal sections, using rock magnetic properties and heavy metal contents analysis. The results showed that the magnetic minerals of samples were predominated by ferromagnetic minerals, and both the concentration and grain size of magnetite particles gradually decreased with the winter monsoon direction from the main industrial district. A rigorous cleaning of leaves using ultrasonic agitator washer could remove about 63%-90% of low-field susceptibility values of the leaves, and this strongly indicated that the intensity of magnetic signal was mainly controlled by the PMs accumulated on the leaves surfaces.

Dual-sided composite mesh repair of hiatal hernia: our experience and a review of the Chinese literature.

Aim: To summarize our experience in the application of Crurasoft® for antireflux surgery and hiatal hernia (HH) repair and to introduce the work of Chinese doctors on this topic.

Methods: Twenty-one patients underwent HH repair with Crurasoft® reinforcement. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and HH-related symptoms including heartburn, regurgitation, chest pain, dysphagia, and abdominal pain were evaluated preoperatively and 6 mo postoperatively.

[Geochemical characteristics and sources of atmospheric particulates in Shanghai during dust storm event].

Atmospheric particulates were sampled from three sampling sites of Putuo, Minhang and Qingpu Districts in Shanghai between Oct. , 2009 and Oct. , 2010.

[Spectroscopic characteristics of different molecular weight dissolved organic matter in water from Yangtze River estuary].

Cross flow ultrafiltration systems and three dimensional fluorescence spectrum were used to investigate the fluorescence characterization of different molecular weight dissolved organic matter in water of wet season and dry season from Yangtze River estuary, in order to find out the sources and influencing factors. The results showed that four types of dissolved organic carbon (DOM) fluorescence peaks were observed in the water: humic-like fluorescence peak A and C, and protein-like fluorescence peak B and D. Fluorescent substances mainly existed in the truly dissolved organic matter (UOM, < 1 kDa), secondly in low and medium molecular weight of colloidal organic matter (1-500 kDa).

Routine central neck dissection in differentiated thyroid carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective/hypothesis: The role of central neck dissection (CND) remains controversial in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC).

Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis focusing on surgical morbidities and locoregional recurrence after total thyroidectomy (TT) with CND versus TT alone was performed.

[Establishment of sleeve gastrectomy model in diet-induced obese Sprague-Dawley rats].

Objective: To establish sleeve gastrectomy(SG) rats model of obese type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) for the research of hypoglycemic mechanism.

Methods: Nine male Sprague-Dawley (6-week-old) rats were fed with high-sucrose and high-fat diet for 4 weeks, developing diet-induced obesity (DIO) rats model. The rats were then randomly divided into two groups.

New technique for retraction of the strap muscles in endoscopic thyroidectomy.

Objective: It is extremely important to establish sufficient exposure and room for manipulation during endoscopic thyroidectomy. To solve this problem, the authors have developed a new technique for retraction of the strap muscles perfected during 500 cases of breast-approach endoscopic thyroidectomy.

Methods: The new technique encompasses the use of 3 styles of retractor: the suture retractor, the button retractor, and the adjustable button retractor.

Current status of endoscopic thyroid surgery in China.

The first cases of video-assisted thyroidectomy and scarless endoscopic thyroidectomy were reported in China in 2001 and 2002, respectively. Breast approach endoscopic thyroidectomy (BAET) has become the most popular procedure for treating thyroid disease in China. Chinese doctors did not pioneer this approach, but contributed toward improvement in technical details such as incision selection, creation of a working space, suture exposure, and control of intraoperative bleeding.

Clinical benefits of scarless endoscopic thyroidectomy: an expert's experience.

Background: By comparison with the conventional surgical approach to thyroidectomy, scarless (in the neck) endoscopic thyroidectomy (SET) has a superior cosmetic result but a very long learning curve. The objective of the present study was to compare surgical outcomes of SET performed by an experienced surgeon with the outcomes of conventional thyroidectomy.

Method: Enrolled in this study were 25 patients who underwent SET and 18 who underwent conventional surgery.

[Geochemical character of precipitation in summer of Shanghai 2008-2009].

The chemical compositions of the rainwater collected in Shanghai in Summer of 2008-2009 were investigated. The chemical character and pollutant source of rainwater were evaluated depended on HYSPLIT model, ions tracer techniques, correlation and principal component analysis. The results showed that: (1) the mean pH in rain was 4.

The minimally invasive effect of breast approach endoscopic thyroidectomy: an expert's experience.

We evaluated the invasiveness of breast approach endoscopic thyroidectomy (BAET) carried out by surgeon very experienced in this procedure. Twenty-four patients who underwent BAET and 19 patients who underwent conventional thyroidectomy were the study population. Postoperative pain was assessed by a visual analog scale (VAS).

Evidence-based appraisal in laparoscopic Nissen and Toupet fundoplications for gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Aim: To demonstrate the optimal surgical procedure for gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Methods: The electronic databases of Medline, Elsevier, Springerlink and Embase over the last 16 years were searched. All clinical trials involved in the outcomes of laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication (LNF) and laparoscopic Toupet fundoplication (LTF) were identified.

Progress in laparoscopic anatomy research: a review of the Chinese literature.

The development of laparoscopic surgery has generated the new field of study, laparoscopic anatomy. This article reviews the reported literature on laparoscopic anatomy and explores how it has evolved along with advances in abdominal surgery. In addition, the principal concerns in current laparoscopic anatomy research are discussed, including: (1) types of special adjacent anatomical structures; and (2) special surgical planes and anatomical landmarks.

Prevalence, risk factors, and management of seroma formation after breast approach endoscopic thyroidectomy.

Background: Breast approach endoscopic thyroidectomy (BAET) allows surgeons to remove a thyroid tumor from a remote site while providing a scarless cosmetic appearance in the neck. However, seroma formation after subcutaneous dissection could lead to flap detachment, incision dehiscence, and wound infection. Chronic formation of seromas could substantially compromise the esthetic outcome of BAET.

[Study on the operation score system for endoscopic thyroidectomy].

Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of the operation score system for endoscopic thyroidectomy.

Methods: An operation score system based on 6 important procedure skills of endoscopic thyroidectomy was established. And a retrospective study of the first 300 consecutive patients underwent endoscopic thyroidectomy from July 2001 to December 2007 by a single surgeon was performed.

The learning curve for endoscopic thyroidectomy: a single surgeon's experience.

Background: Endoscopic thyroidectomy has been known to surgeons for only 20 years. Related studies still are needed to make up for the deficiency of clinical experience. Research on the learning curve for the endoscopic thyroidectomy could be the method for investigating the operation experience.

[Laparoscopic small intestinal flap colpopoiesis].

Objective: To investigate the possibility of Laparoscopic reconstruction of vagina using pedicled ileal autograft and provide a new procedure of colpopoiesis.

Methods: The abdominal and perineal approaches were performed simultaneously under a sufficiently deep general anaesthesia. Laparoscopically, a 15-18 cm segment of the ileum on its vascular pedicle, ileal branches of the superior mesenteric artery and its concomitant veins, was selected and isolated for transplantation using ultrasonically-powered instruments.