Critical Role of S100A9 in Sepsis-associated Acute Kidney Injury: Mechanistic Insights through Pyroptosis Pathway Modulation.

This study investigates the role of S100A9 in sepsis-associated AKI (SA-AKI) through the lens of pyroptosis, a controlled form of cell death mediated by the gasdermin protein family. Using C57BL/6 mice and S100A9 knockout mice subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analyses revealed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to inflammation and immune responses, with notable upregulation of S100A9. Functional enrichment analyses (GO and KEGG) indicated these DEGs are involved in interferon-beta response, immune processes, and cell adhesion.

Role of carnitine in adaptation of Chromohalobacter salexigens DSM 3043 and its mutants to osmotic and temperature stress in defined medium.

L-Carnitine is widespread in nature, but little information is available on its metabolism and physiological functions in moderate halophiles. In this study, we found that Chromohalobacter salexigens DSM 3043 could utilize carnitine not only as a nutrient, but also as an osmolyte. When grown at 37 °C under salt-stress conditions, the strain utilized carnitine as an osmoprotectant by enzymatically converting it into GB.

COVID-19 patient with an incubation period of 27 d: A case report.

Background: As a highly contagious disease, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is wreaking havoc around the world due to continuous spread among close contacts mainly droplets, aerosols, contaminated hands or surfaces. Therefore, centralized isolation of close contacts and suspected patients is an important measure to prevent the transmission of COVID-19. At present, the quarantine duration in most countries is 14 d due to the fact that the incubation period of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is usually identified as 1-14 d with median estimate of 4-7.

Standardization of critical care management of non-critically ill patients with COVID-19.

The large global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has seriously endangered the health care system in China and globally. The sudden surge of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection has revealed the shortage of critical care medicine resources and intensivists. Currently, the management of non-critically ill patients with COVID-19 is performed mostly by non-intensive care unit (ICU) physicians, who lack the required professional knowledge, training, and practice in critical care medicine, especially in terms of continuous monitoring of the respiratory function, intervention, and feedback on treatment effects.

Functional Metabolomics Analysis Elucidating the Metabolic Biomarker and Key Pathway Change Associated With the Chronic Glomerulonephritis and Revealing Action Mechanism of Rhein.

Chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) as the culprit of kidney failure can increase the mortality of critically ill patients and seriously threatens people's health all over the world. This study using metabolomics strategy is to reveal the potential therapeutic mechanism-related targets to evaluate the effects of rhein (RH) on CGN rats. Changes of serum metabolites and pathways were analyzed by non-targeted metabolomic method based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) combined with ingenuity pathway analysis.

Role of ,-Dimethylglycine and Its Catabolism to Sarcosine in Chromohalobacter salexigens DSM 3043.

DSM 3043 can grow on ,-dimethylglycine (DMG) as the sole C, N, and energy source and utilize sarcosine as the sole N source under aerobic conditions. However, little is known about the genes and enzymes involved in the conversion of DMG to sarcosine in this strain. In the present study, gene disruption and complementation assays indicated that the , , , and genes are responsible for DMG degradation to sarcosine.

Hemin inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation in sepsis-induced acute lung injury, involving heme oxygenase-1.

NLRP3 inflammasome activation contributes to acute lung injury (ALI), accelerating caspase-1 maturation, and resulting in IL-1β and IL-18 over-production. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) plays a protective role in ALI. This study investigated the effect of hemin (a potent HO-1 inducer) on NLRP3 inflammasome in sepsis-induced ALI.

Glycopolymer brushes for the affinity adsorption of RCA120: effects of thickness, grafting density, and epitope density.

The interactions between glycopolymer brushes and lectin are very important for the development of affinity membrane chromatography in protein separation. Here, we report the combination of surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to investigate the relationship between the structure of glycopolymer brushes and the affinity adsorption of lectin. The glycopolymer brushes were fabricated from self-assembly of 11-mercapto-1-undecanol (MUD)/1-undecanethiol (UDT) mixture, immobilization of ATRP initiators, and then SI-ATRP of 2-lactobionamidoethyl methacrylate (LAMA).

Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) brush surface for specific and oriented adsorption of glycosidases.

We present a detailed picture to screen general ligands from simple chemicals for fabricating affinity surface to glycosidase enzymes. The surface was constructed by grafting poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) brush on SPR gold chip via surface-initiated atom-transfer radical polymerization, after which poly(methoxyethyl methacrylate) (PMEMA) and poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate) (POEGMA) brushes were also prepared for comparison. SPR measurements were adopted to monitor the early-stage adsorption of two glycosidases and three other typical proteins.

Imbalance between tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 and matrix metalloproteinase 9 after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Aims: This study aimed to determine whether (a) there was an imbalance between matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in a canine model of prolonged ventricular fibrillation (VF); (b) with the duration of VF, the degree of the imbalance would be greater; and (c) there was a relationship between the level of MMP-9 or TIMP-1 and the cardiac function.

Methods And Results: Ventricular fibrillation was electrically induced in 24 dogs. The animals were randomly divided into 3 groups (sham control, n = 8; 8-minute VF, n = 8; 12-minute VF, n = 8).

Initial defibrillation versus initial chest compression in a 4-minute ventricular fibrillation canine model of cardiac arrest.

Objective: Previous laboratory and clinical studies have demonstrated that chest compression preceding defibrillation in prolonged ventricular fibrillation (VF) increases the likelihood of successful cardiac resuscitation. The lower limit of VF duration when preshock chest compression provides no benefit has not been specifically studied. We aimed to study the effect of order of defibrillation and chest compression on defibrillation and cardiac resuscitation in a 4-minute VF canine model of cardiac arrest.