Inhibition of the C3a receptor attenuates sepsis-induced acute lung injury by suppressing pyroptosis of the pulmonary vascular endothelial cells.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is the leading cause of bacterial sepsis-related death because of disrupted pulmonary endothelial barrier, resulting in protein-rich pulmonary oedema, an influx of pro-inflammatory cells and refractory hypoxaemia. Several studies have reported that C3a levels are significantly higher in organs with sepsis and their peripheral organs and are closely associated with organ dysfunction and poor prognosis in sepsis. However, the role of the C3a complement in sepsis ALI remains unclear.

Morin exerts protective effects on encephalopathy and sepsis-associated cognitive functions in a murine sepsis model.

Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) often leads to cognitive impairments in the rest life of septic survivors. The potential pathological changes of SAE are complicated and have not been fully understood. Morin, a flavone compound exhibiting neuroprotective activity and anti-inflammation effect, was employed to treat with CLP-induced septic mice in our study.

FK866 attenuates sepsis-induced acute lung injury through c-jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK)-dependent autophagy.

Aims: Increasing evidence indicates that FK866, a specific noncompetitive nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase inhibitor, exhibits a protective effect on acute lung injury (ALI). Autophagy plays a pivotal role in sepsis-induced ALI. However, the contribution of autophagy and the underlying mechanism by which FK866-confered lung protection remains elusive.

Cross-sectional study of the educational background and trauma knowledge of trainees in the "China trauma care training" program.

Background: Since the trauma knowledge of trauma providers correlates with the outcomes of injured patients, this study aims to assess the socio-demographic characteristics and levels of trauma knowledge of trainees in the China trauma care training (CTCT) program in addition to their post-course test results to provide support for the development of trauma care training programs and trauma systems in China.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted by collecting demographic information, hospital-related information and trauma knowledge of the trainees from 19 regions in China. All participants were assessed by questionnaires collecting the socio-demographic data, the trauma care knowledge levels and the information of the hospitals.

Caspase-1 inhibitor exerts brain-protective effects against sepsis-associated encephalopathy and cognitive impairments in a mouse model of sepsis.

Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) manifested clinically in acute and long-term cognitive impairments and associated with increased morbidity and mortality worldwide. The potential pathological changes of SAE are complex and remain to be elucidated. Pyroptosis, a novel programmed cell death, is executed by caspase-1-cleaved GSDMD N-terminal (GSDMD-NT) and we investigated it in peripheral blood immunocytes of septic patients previously.

Dihydromyricetin Alleviates Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury through Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome-Dependent Pyroptosis in Mice Model.

Increasing evidence demonstrates that pyroptosis, pro-inflammatory programmed cell death, is linked to acute lung injury (ALI). Dihydromyricetin (DHM) has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation in vascular endothelial cells. However, the effects of DHM on NLRP3 inflammasome-induced pyroptosis in ALI remain elusive.

Chinese Trauma Surgeon Association for management guidelines of vacuum sealing drainage application in abdominal surgeries-Update and systematic review.

Vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) is frequently used in abdominal surgeries. However, relevant guidelines are rare. Chinese Trauma Surgeon Association organized a committee composed of 28 experts across China in July 2017, aiming to provide an evidence-based recommendation for the application of VSD in abdominal surgeries.

MMP-1 Over-expression Promotes Malignancy and Stem-Like Properties of Human Osteosarcoma MG-63 Cells In Vitro.

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in childhood, and it maintains a high level of recurrence. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) was found to contribute to cancer progression. The present study was to investigate the in vitro effects of MMP-1 over-expression on the proliferation, invasion, metastasis and stem-like properties of osteosarcoma MG-63 cells.

Caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells predicts the development of sepsis in severe trauma patients: A prospective observational study.

Pyroptosis plays a pivotal role in sepsis and septic shock in animal studies. However, its clinical significance in pathological conditions has not been well elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between the percentage of pyroptotic peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and the clinical index and to investigate the relationship between PBMCs pyroptosis and the development of sepsis in trauma patients.

Current trauma care system and trauma care training in China.

Trauma is a life-threatening "modern disease". The outcomes could only be optimized by cost-efficient and prompt trauma care, which embarks on the improvement of essential capacities and conceptual revolution in addition to the disruptive innovation of the trauma care system. According to experiences from the developed countries, systematic trauma care training is the cornerstone of the generalization and the improvement on the trauma care, such as the Advance Trauma Life Support (ATLS).

Trauma care system in China.

With the development of modern society, high-energy trauma has become an increasing tendency, which brings a great challenge for trauma care. A well-running trauma care system that is composed by pre-hospital and in-hospital care has been proved to decrease the death and disability rate of trauma patients. However, establishment of trauma care system in China is still at the initial stage.

The influence of tracheostomy timing on outcomes in trauma patients: A meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aims to assess the influence of tracheostomy timing on outcomes among trauma patients, including mortality, medical resource utility and incidence of pneumonia.

Method: A systematic review of the literature was conducted by internet search. Data were extracted from selected studies and analyzed using Stata to compare outcomes in trauma patients with early tracheostomy (ET) or late tracheostomy (LT)/prolonged intubation (PI).

Early intramedullary nailing for femoral fractures in patients with severe thoracic trauma: A systemic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Early intramedullary nailing (IMN) within the first 24 h for multiply injured patients with femoral fracture and concomitant thoracic trauma is controversial. Previously published studies have been limited in size and their outcomes have been inconclusive. A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the available data in order to guide care and help improve the outcomes for these patients.

[Manipulative reduction and percutaneous K-wires fixation for treatment of supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children].

Objective: To explore clinical effect of manipulative reduction and percutaneous K-wires fixation in treating supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children.

Methods: From July 2010 to December 2012, clinical data of 52 children with supracondylar fractures of the humerus, which treated with manipulative reduction and percutaneous K-wires fixation, were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, there were 35 males and 17 females with an average age of 6.

The influence of sex on outcomes in trauma patients: a meta-analysis.

Background: This study aims to assess the influence of sex on outcomes among trauma patients, including injury severity, medical resource utility, complications, and mortality.

Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted by internet search. Data were extracted from selected studies and analyzed using Stata to compare outcomes between male and female injured patients.

Overexpression of mitofusin 2 inhibits reactive astrogliosis proliferation in vitro.

Astrocytes become activated in response to central nervous system (CNS) injury, and excessive astrogliosis is considered an impediment to axonal regeneration by forming glial scar. Mitofusin 2 (Mfn2), a key protein in mitochondrial network, has been reported to negatively regulate cell proliferation. The present study aimed to explore whether reactive astrogliosis could be suppressed by Mfn2 overexpression.

Cyclooxygenase-2 blockade inhibits accumulation and function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and restores T cell response after traumatic stress.

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play a crucial role in T cell dysfunction, which is related to poor outcome in patients with severe trauma. Cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) contributes to immune disorder in trauma and infection via production of prostaglandin E2. However, the role of Cox-2 in the accumulation and function of MDSCs after traumatic stress has not been fully elucidated.

Correlations between quality indexes of chest compression.

Background: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a kind of emergency treatment for cardiopulmonary arrest, and chest compression is the most important and necessary part of CPR. The American Heart Association published the new Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care in 2010 and demanded for better performance of chest compression practice, especially in compression depth and rate. The current study was to explore the relationship of quality indexes of chest compression and to identify the key points in chest compression training and practice.

The effect of obesity on outcomes in trauma patients: a meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aims to assess the effect of obesity on injury severity score (ISS), mortality and course of hospital stay among trauma patients.

Method: A systematic review of the literature was conducted by Internet search. Data were extracted from included studies and analysed using a random-effects model to compare outcomes in the obese (body mass index (BMI)≥30kgm(-2)) with the non-obese (BMI<30kgm(-2)) group.

[The influence of oxygen partial pressure change and vascularization of rabbit wound through negative pressure wound therapy].

Objective: To investigate the effect of vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) on variation of oxygen partial pressure (PtO2) and vascularization.

Methods: The 12 cases of rabbit's wound models were undergoing the VSD (vacuum group, n = 6) or conventional therapy (conventional group, n = 6). Variation of PtO2 was measured by oxygen partial pressure admeasuring apparatus, expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) mRNA was measured by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR, content of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was measured by ELISA after tissue homogenate in 7 days.

Modified lumbopelvic fixation for sacral and L5 fractures associated with spinopelvic instability: a case report and introduction of the surgical technique.

Posterior lumbopelvic fixation with iliac screws is the most commonly used method for unstable spinopelvic injuries. It has certain limitations including inability to use distraction along the spinopelvic rod as an indirect reduction maneuver, need for complex 3-dimensional rod contouring and complications such as hardware prominence and soft tissue coverage. In the present case report, we described a surgical technique of lumbopelvic fixation with sacral alar screws for traumatic spinopelvic instability resulted from a unilateral Denis-III comminuted sacral fracture and the L5 burst fracture.

Analysis of misdiagnosis in patients with multiple trauma.

Objective: To explore the features, treatment outcomes and reasons for misdiagnosis in patients with multiple trauma, so as to decrease the incidence of misdiagnosis.

Methods: A total of 3 163 patients with multiple trauma who were admitted in our department from August 1997 to August 2008, were retrospectively studied to compare the features of diagnosis and treatment. There were 2 117 males (66.

Effect of triptolide on secretion of inflammatory cellular factors TNF-α and IL-8 in peritoneal macrophages of mice activated by lipopolysaccharide.

Background: Research has been carried out to look for safe and effective anti-inflammation drugs from traditional Chinese herbal medicine. As a powerful research technology of life science, molecular biology has entered many areas of traditional Chinese medicine. This study aimed to investigate the effect of triptolide on tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-α) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) of peritoneal macrophages activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice.

Variation and significance of NKT cell and its subset in patients with severe multiple injuries.

Objective: To observe the variation and significance of natural killer T (NKT) cells in patients with severe multiple injuries.

Methods: Peripheral blood was drawn from 30 patients with severe multiple injuries and 20 healthy individuals. NKT cells and the subsets of NKT cells were stained and analyzed on fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS) using Cellquest software.

[Effects of arginine enriched enteral nutrition on nutritional status and cellular immunity in burn patients].

Objective: To investigate the effects of arginine enriched enteral nutrition (EN) on nutritional status and cellular immunity of severely burned patients.

Methods: Randomized, single blind, parallel and positive control investigation was employed in the study. Thirty severely burned patients were divided into enteral immune nutrition (EIN) group and EN group.