Artificial intelligence in pancreaticobiliary endoscopy: Current applications and future directions.

Pancreaticobiliary endoscopy is an essential tool for diagnosing and treating pancreaticobiliary diseases. However, it does not fully meet clinical needs, which presents challenges such as significant difficulty in operation and risks of missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has enhanced the diagnostic and treatment efficiency and quality of pancreaticobiliary endoscopy.

Observation of quantum oscillations near the Mott-Ioffe-Regel limit in CaAs.

The Mott-Ioffe-Regel limit sets the lower bound of the carrier mean free path for coherent quasiparticle transport. Metallicity beyond this limit is of great interest because it is often closely related to quantum criticality and unconventional superconductivity. Progress along this direction mainly focuses on the strange-metal behaviors originating from the evolution of the quasiparticle scattering rate, such as linear-in-temperature resistivity, while the quasiparticle coherence phenomena in this regime are much less explored due to the short mean free path at the diffusive bound.

STT3-mediated aberrant N-glycosylation of CD24 inhibits paclitaxel sensitivity in triple-negative breast cancer.

Paclitaxel is one of the main chemotherapic medicines against triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in clinic. However, it has been perplexed by paclitaxel resistance in TNBC patients, resulting in a poor prognosis. Abnormal protein glycosylation is closely related to the occurrence and progression of tumors and malignant phenotypes such as chemotherapy resistance.

Efficacy of restrictive versus liberal transfusion strategies in patients with traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: The effects of restrictive versus liberal transfusion strategies in critically ill patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and anemia, particularly in adult patients with moderate to severe TBI, remain inconclusive. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the comparative impact of restrictive and liberal red blood cell transfusion strategies among critically ill adult patients with moderate to severe TBI.

Methods: We conducted a search of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from their inception through October 20, 2024, to identify randomized controlled trials that compared restrictive (transfusions at a hemoglobin level of ≤ 7 g/dL) and liberal (transfusions at a hemoglobin level of ≤ 9-10 g/dL) transfusion strategies in adult patients with TBI.

Strong Coupling between Moiré-Type Plasmons and Phonons in Suspended Monolayer Metallic Twisted Superlattices.

We demonstrate both experimentally and analytically a strong coupling phenomenon between moiré-type plasmons and phonons within moiré superlattices. We study the dependence of moiré wave vector and the twist angle and numerically simulate and experimentally fabricate metallic moiré superlattices on a suspended thin film SiO substrate at different twist angles. The results suggest that the coupling strength initially increases and then decreases with increasing twist angles.

Prehospital blood pressure lowering in patients with ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Whether prehospital blood pressure control improves outcomes among patients with acute ischemic stroke is uncertain. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of prehospital blood pressure reduction treatment in patients with ischemic stroke.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for randomized controlled trials that compared prehospital blood pressure reduction treatment with usual treatment or no treatment in patients with stroke.

Prognostic value of pre-treatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with brain metastasis from cancer: a meta-analysis.

Evidence shows that inflammatory responses play an essential role in the development of brain metastases (BM). The goal of this meta-analysis was to critically evaluate the literature regarding the use of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) to predict the prognosis of patients with BM to help clinicians institute early interventions and improve outcomes. We conducted systematic review and meta-analysis, utilizing data from prominent databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases.

One-Step Dry-Etching Fabrication of Tunable Two-Hierarchical Nanostructures.

Two-hierarchical nanostructures, characterized by two distinct configurations along the height direction, exhibit immense potential for applications in various fields due to their significantly enhanced controllable degree compared to single-order structures. However, due to the limitations imposed by planar technology, the realization of two-hierarchical nanostructures encounters huge challenges. In this work, we developed a one-step etching method based on inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching for two-hierarchical nanostructures.

Analysis of Chemical Oxygen Demand in Barrel Finishing Based on Reusing Water Resource of Grinding Fluid.

To explore the sustainable development of grinding fluid in barrel finishing, the idea of water resource reuse in grinding fluid has been proposed. The influence of the graphene oxide (GO) and the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) as main components in the grinding fluid on the chemical oxygen demand (COD) was analyzed. Repreparing new grinding fluids by utilizing the water resources in grinding fluid after finishing will not cause a sharp increase in COD value.

Causal diagnostic model and governance strategies to reduce pollution from ship accidents in Chinese waters.

Ship transportation is a primary mode for global trade and cargo transport, yet even minor discrepancies can lead to ship accidents, causing severe secondary environmental pollution. Maritime accidents involve complex and numerous factors. Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) can identify the key contributing factors and their impact levels by eliminating homogenization factors in maritime accidents.

Acousto-Drag Photovoltaic Effect by Piezoelectric Integration of Two-Dimensional Semiconductors.

Light-to-electricity conversion is crucial for energy harvesting and photodetection, requiring efficient electron-hole pair separation to prevent recombination. Traditional junction-based mechanisms using built-in electric fields fail in nonbarrier regions. Homogeneous material harvesting under a photovoltaic effect is appealing but is only realized in noncentrosymmetric systems via a bulk photovoltaic effect.

A class of geranylquinol-derived polycyclic meroterpenoids from Arnebia euchroma against heart failure by reducing excessive autophagy and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes.

Ten new B-ring aromatized 6/6/6-tricyclic dearomatized benzocogeijerene-based meroterpenoids with unusual methyl 1,2-shift or demethylation (2-9b), and two new geranylquinol derivatives (1 and 10), together with two known compounds (11 and 12), were isolated from the roots of Arnebia euchroma. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods, X-ray diffraction crystallography, and ECD calculations. The plausible biosynthetic pathways including the unusual methyl 1,2-shfit and demethylation for B-ring aromatized 6/6/6-tricyclic meroterpenoids were discussed.

Glycnsisitin A: A promising bicyclic peptide against heart failure that facilitates TFRC-mediated uptake of iron in cardiomyocytes.

Zhigancao decoction is a traditional prescription for treating irregular pulse and palpitations in China. As the monarch drug of Zhigancao decoction, the bioactive molecules of licorice against heart diseases remain elusive. We established the HRESIMS-guided method leading to the isolation of three novel bicyclic peptides, glycnsisitins A-C (-), with distinctive C-C and C-O-C side-chain-to-side-chain linkages from the roots of (Licorice).

Effect of testosterone replacement therapy on lower urinary tract symptoms: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to perform a network meta-analysis (NMA) to investigate the effects of different testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) administration routes on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in aging men with late-onset hypogonadism (LOH).

Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang Data, and VIP was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting data on International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, or prostate volume. NMA was performed, and subgroup analysis was conducted to assess the impact of TRT duration on outcomes.

Two new cucurbitane-type triterpenoid saponins from the fruit of .

Two new cucurbitane-type triterpenoid saponins, 2,20,22-trihydroxy-16,23()-epoxycucurbita-1,5,24-triene-3,11-dione 2---D-glucopyranoside (), 2,20,22-trihydroxy-16,23()-epoxycucurbita-1,5,11,24-tetraene-3-one 2---D-glucopyranoside () were isolated from the fruit of (L.) Schrad. Their structures were elucidated by mass spectrometry, IR, 1D, and 2D NMR spectroscopy, etc.

LINC00525 enhances ZNF460-regulated CD24 expression through the sponge miR-125a-5p to promote malignant progression of breast cancer.

Introduction: CD24 is a highly glycosylated glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchored membrane protein that plays an important role in tumor progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of abnormal expression of CD24 on the proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cancer (BC) cells, and the molecular mechanism of regulating CD24 expression in breast cancer.

Methodology: The bioinformatics method was used to predict the expression level of CD24 in BC and its relationship with the occurrence and development of BC.

Three new flavonoids from the roots of .

Three new flavonoids including two isoflavanones sophortones A and B ( and ), and one chalcone sophortone C () were isolated from the roots of . Their structures were established by UV, IR, HRESIMS, and NMR data. The absolute configurations of and were determined by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations.

The effect of LNCRNA SHANK3 on the malignant development of gastric cancer cells by regulating the miR-4530/MNX1.

Gastric cancer (GC) has become the first malignant tumor with highest incidence rate and mortality of cancer in China, finding therapeutic targets for gastric cancer is of great significant for improving the survival rate of patients with GC. Recently, many of studies have shown that LncRNAs is involved in multiple biological progresses in the development of GC. This study, we screened for abnormally high expression of LncSHANK3 in GC through the TCGA database, and found that LncSHANK3 sponge adsorbs miR-4530, further competing with MNX1 and binding to miR-4530.

Memristive switching in the surface of a charge-density-wave topological semimetal.

Owing to the outstanding properties provided by nontrivial band topology, topological phases of matter are considered as a promising platform towards low-dissipation electronics, efficient spin-charge conversion, and topological quantum computation. Achieving ferroelectricity in topological materials enables the non-volatile control of the quantum states, which could greatly facilitate topological electronic research. However, ferroelectricity is generally incompatible with systems featuring metallicity due to the screening effect of free carriers.

Increased risk of adverse gestational outcomes in pregnant women with primary Sjögren's syndrome.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify risk factors contributing to diverse pregnancy outcomes in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) cases.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on pregnant individuals with pSS, who received outpatient or inpatient care across multiple hospitals in Anhui Province, China, from January 2015 to December 2022.

Results: This study included 164 pregnant women with pSS and 328 control subjects, with no statistically significant difference in average age between the two groups.

Synthesis and Characterization of 2D Ternary Compound TMD Materials TaVSe.

Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are garnering considerable scientific interest, prompting discussion regarding their prospective applications in the fields of nanoelectronics and spintronics while also fueling groundbreaking discoveries in phenomena such as the fractional quantum anomalous Hall effect (FQAHE) and exciton dynamics. The abundance of binary compound TMDs, such as MX (M = Mo, W; X = S, Se, Te), has unlocked myriad avenues of exploration. However, the exploration of ternary compound TMDs remains relatively limited, with notable examples being TaNiS and TaNiSe.