Runchangningshen paste activates NLRP6 inflammasome-mediated autophagy to stimulate colonic mucin-2 secretion and modulates mucosal microbiota in functional constipation.

Background: Runchangningshen paste (RCNSP) is a paste made of four medicinal and edible homologous Chinese medicine mixed with honey. It is known for its ability to nourish yin and blood as well as to loosen the bowel to relieve constipation. The pathophysiology of functional constipation (FC) is associated with a reduction in mucin-2 (MUC2) secretion and microbial dysbiosis.

Computational study on the effect of thermal deformation of myocardium on lesion formation during radiofrequency ablation.

Radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation treats cardiac diseases by inducing thermal lesion of cardiac tissues through radiofrequency energy operating at around 500 kHz. The electromagnetic wavelength is significantly longer than the size of the radiofrequency active electrode, the tissue is heated through resistive heating. During thermal ablation, the coupled thermo-mechanical property of cardiac tissue influencing the contact area between the electrode and tissue plays a crucial role in the formation of thermal lesions, yet the literature often overlooks the effect of thermal deformation.

Success rate of current human-derived gastric cancer organoids establishment and influencing factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Human-derived gastric cancer organoids (GCOs) are widely used in gastric cancer research; however, the culture success rate is generally low.

Aim: To explore the potential influencing factors, and the literature on successful culture rates of GCOs was reviewed using meta-analysis.

Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE were searched for studies.

Bibliometrics analysis based on the Web of Science: Current trends and perspective of gastric organoid during 2010-2023.

Background: Three-dimensional organoid culture systems have been established as a robust tool for elucidating mechanisms and performing drug efficacy testing. The use of gastric organoid models holds significant promise for advancing personalized medicine research. However, a comprehensive bibliometric review of this bur-geoning field has not yet been published.

Clinical experience in laparoscopic treatment of gallbladder perforation.

Aim: We herein present our clinical experience in laparoscopic surgery for gallbladder perforation (GBP).

Materials And Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 44 patients who diagnosed with GBP from January 2015 to November 2020.

Results: The mean age of the 44 patients was 64.

Radical Annulation of 2-Cyanoaryl Acrylamides via C═C Double Bond Cleavage: Access to Amino-Substituted 2-Quinolones.

A novel annulation of 2-cyanoaryl acrylamides via C═C double bond cleavage has been developed for facile and efficient access to a broad spectrum of functionalized 4-amino-2-quinolones, which are important -heterocycles. In this transformation, the solvent THF is demonstrated to play a crucial role, and the addition of alkyl radicals to nitrile, 1,5-hydride shift, and cleavage of the C-C bond are involved in the mechanism.

Decarboxylative Oxyacyloxylation of Propiolic Acids: Construction of Alkynyl-Containing α-Acyloxy Ketones.

Novel decarboxylative oxyacyloxylation of propiolic acids has been developed. This reaction provides an efficient access to alkynyl-containing α-acyloxy ketones from readily available starting materials and exhibits significant functional group tolerance. Furthermore, oxyacyloxylation of terminal alkynes and aliphatic propiolic acids was also developed.

Copper-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Cycloaddition of Propiolic Acids, Azides, and Arylboronic Acids: Construction of Fully Substituted 1,2,3-Triazoles.

A copper-catalyzed decarboxylative cycloaddition of propiolic acids, azides, and arylboronic acids is described. The present reaction provides an efficient and convenient method for the synthesis of various fully substituted 1,2,3-triazoles from readily available starting materials. A possible mechanism is proposed.

Decarboxylative cascade cyclization of α-keto acids with 2-cyano-3-arylaniline-derived acrylamides.

An oxidative decarboxylative cascade cyclization of α-keto acids with 2-cyano-3-arylaniline-derived acrylamides was developed. This cascade reaction exhibits a broad substrate scope, and provides an efficient access to carbonyl-containing pyrido[4,3,2-gh]phenanthridines. A possible mechanism is proposed.

HSP90 as a novel therapeutic target for posterior capsule opacification.

Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is a common complication of cataract surgery, resulting from a combination of proliferation, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of residual capsular epithelial cells and fibrosis of myofibroblasts. HSP90 is known to regulate the proteostasis of cells under pathophysiological conditions. The role of HSP90 in PCO formation, however, is not clear.

Copper-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Oxyalkylation of Alkynyl Carboxylic Acids: Synthesis of γ-Diketones and γ-Ketonitriles.

A novel copper-catalyzed decarboxylative oxyalkylation of alkynyl carboxylic acids with ketones and alkylnitriles via direct C(sp)-H bond functionalization to construct new C-C bonds and C-O double bonds was developed. This transformation is featured by wide functional group compatibility and the use of readily available reagents, thus affording a general approach to γ-diketones and γ-ketonitriles. A possible mechanism is proposed.

Recent advances in understanding of amino acid signaling to mTORC1 activation.

The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is a master controller of cell growth and metabolism which integrates diverse bio-signaling inputs to coordinate various fundamental biological processes. Amino acids, especially leucine, arginine and glutamine, signal to mTORC1 activation. Classically, Rag GTPases play a crucial role in amino acids-induced mTORC1 activation in the lysosome and Golgi apparatus.

Metal-Free Radical [2 + 2 + 1] Cyclization of ortho-Cyanoarylacrylamides with Alkyl Nitriles: Synthesis of Pyrrolo[3,2- c]quinolines.

A novel radical [2 + 2 + 1] cyclization of ortho-cyanoarylacrylamides with dual α-C-H bonds in alkyl nitriles has been developed. The reaction provides new facile and straightforward access to cyano-substituted pyrrolo[3,2- c]quinolines, which are important nitrogen-containing polyheterocycles. A possible mechanism for the transformation is proposed.

Downregulation of heat shock factor 4 transcription activity via MAPKinase phosphorylation at Serine 299.

Dysfunction of HSF4 is associated with congenital cataracts. HSF4 transcription activity is turned on and regulated by phosphorylation during early postnatal lens development. Our previous data suggested that mutation HSF4b/S299A can upregulate HSF4 transcription activity in vitro, but the biological significance of posttranslational modification on HSF4/S299 during lens development remains unclear.

[Stroke-induced acroparalysis treated with xunjingcuiqi needling technique: a randomized controlled trial].

Objective: To observe the impacts on the muscle strength in the patients of stroke-induced acroparalysis treated with Xunjingcuiqi needling technique.

Methods: One hundred patients were randomized into a Xunjingcuiqi group and a routine acupuncture group, 50 cases in each group. In the routine acupuncture group, the routine acupuncture technique was adopted at the main acupoints, such as Shangxing (GV 23), Baihui (GV 20), Dicang (ST 4), Quchi (LI 11), Huantiao (GB 30) and Zusanli (ST 36), etc.

Matrix metalloproteinases and their multiple roles in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent type of dementia. Pathological changes in the AD brain include amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), as well as neuronal death and synaptic loss. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role as inflammatory components in the pathogenesis of AD.

Blocking beta2-adrenergic receptor attenuates acute stress-induced amyloid beta peptides production.

Environmental factors play an important role in the Alzheimer's disease (AD) development and stress may accelerate the progression of AD. Beta-adrenergic receptors are activated by stress and may influence different aspects of cognitive function. So, it was hypothesized that stress may accelerate the pathological progression of AD by the activation of beta(2)-adrenergic receptor (beta(2)-AR).

[Effect of Liuwei Dihuang soft capsule and Ginkgo leaf tablet on serum regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2].

Objective: To investigate the effect of Liuwei Dihuang Soft Capsule(LDSC) and Ginkgo Leaf Tablet (GLT) on serum regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) in the patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2).

Methods: Forty patients with early stage DM2 were randomly assigned to two groups, 20 in each group. Based on the conventional treatment with hypoglycemic agents, patients in the treated group were treated with LDSC plus GLT additionally, and those in the placebo group with placebo for 6 months, respectively.

Orientated thermotherapy of ferromagnetic thermoseed in hepatic tumors.

AIM:To study the thermotherapeutic effects of implanted ferromagnetic thermoseeds in high frequency electromagnetic field in hepatic tumors.METHODS:The ferromagnetic thermoseeds made of nickel-copper alloy, which has a lower Curie temperature, were implanted into hepatic tumors of mice. The high frequency electromagnetic field was then applied in vitro to make the ferromagnetic thermoseeds produce the hyperthermia.