Chinese Association for the Study of Pain: Expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment for lumbar disc herniation.

Lumbar disc herniation is a common disease in the clinical context and does great harm to either the physical or mental health of patients suffering from this disease. Many guidelines and consensus for the diagnosis and treatment of lumbar disc herniation have been published domestically and internationally. According to the expert consensus, clinicians could adopt tailored and personalized diagnosis and treatment management strategies for lumbar disc herniation patients.

Chinese Association for the Study of Pain: Experts consensus on ultrasound-guided injections for the treatment of spinal pain in China (2020 edition).

Spinal pain (SP) is a common condition that has a major negative impact on a patient's quality of life. Recent developments in ultrasound-guided injections for the treatment of SP are increasingly being used in clinical practice. This clinical expert consensus describes the purpose, significance, implementation methods, indications, contraindications, and techniques of ultrasound-guided injections.

Nano-manganese oxides-modified biochar for efficient chelated copper citrate removal from water by oxidation-assisted adsorption process.

Removal of chelated copper from wastewater is more difficult than that of copper ions owing to its stable structure, wide range of pH tolerance, and stronger mobility. Copper citrate (CuCA) widely exists in the water system and inevitably poses serious hazards to human health and environment. Biochar as economic functional material has been widely used for environmental applications, especially in wastewater treatment.

WITHDRAWN: Peripheral nerve blocks for postoperative pain after major knee surgery.

Background: Major knee surgery is a common operative procedure to help people with end-stage knee disease or trauma to regain mobility and have improved quality of life. Poorly controlled pain immediately after surgery is still a key issue for this procedure. Peripheral nerve blocks are localized and site-specific analgesic options for major knee surgery.

Effect of delta opioid receptor activation on spatial cognition and neurogenesis in cerebral ischemic rats.

This study aimed to investigate whether a selective delta opioid receptor agonist, [D-Ala2, D-Leu5]-Enkephalin (DADLE), regulates neurogenesis in the hippocampus of ischemic rats. Using an intracerebral cannula, rats were subjected to cerebral ischemia using the standard four-vessel occlusion. DADLE (2.

Electroacupuncture Relieves Nerve Injury-Induced Pain Hypersensitivity via the Inhibition of Spinal P2X7 Receptor-Positive Microglia.

Background: Electroacupuncture (EA) has therapeutic effects on neuropathic pain induced by nerve injury; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we examined whether EA treatment relieves pain hypersensitivity via the down-regulation of spinal P2X7 receptor-positive (P2X7R⁺) microglia-mediated overexpression of interleukin (IL)-1β and/or IL-18.

Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent chronic constriction injury (CCI) or 3'-O-(4-benzoylbenzoyl) adenosine 5'-triphosphate (BzATP) intrathecal injection.

Treatment of Femoral Head Necrosis With Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Expressing Inducible Hepatocyte Growth Factor.

Our study assessed the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) expressing inducible hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) on the recovery of femoral head necrosis (FHN). BMSCs were isolated by density gradient centrifugation. A recombinant AdTRE-HGF was constructed as the response plasmid and Adeno-X Tet-on as the regulator vector.

Peripheral nerve blocks for postoperative pain after major knee surgery.

Background: Major knee surgery is a common operative procedure to help people with end-stage knee disease or trauma to regain mobility and have improved quality of life. Poorly controlled pain immediately after surgery is still a key issue for this procedure. Peripheral nerve blocks are localized and site-specific analgesic options for major knee surgery.

Transcriptome profiling of biliary atresia from new born infants by deep sequencing.

Biliary atresia is the major kind of liver disease that mainly affects the new born infants. The pathological and biological mechanism of biliary atresia is still unclear to date. In this work, we attempt to identify biliary atresia relevant genes and to get the knowledge of the underlying genetic basis.

Serum fetuin-A levels are inversely associated with clinical severity in patients with primary knee osteoarthritis.

The present study aimed to detect serum fetuin-A levels in knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients and to investigate their correlation with clinical severity. We enrolled 215 knee OA patients and 76 healthy controls. We measured serum fetuin-A levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and assessed the correlation between serum fetuin-A levels and Kellgren-Lawrence grades as well as Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index scores in OA patients.

Protective effects of the delta opioid peptide [D-Ala2, D-Leu5]enkephalin in an ex vivo model of ischemia/reperfusion in brain slices.

Introduction: The delta opioid peptide [D-Ala2, D-Leu5]enkephalin (DADLE) plays a key role in neuronal protection against both hypoxic and ischemic conditions. However, the cellular mechanisms of action of DADLE under these conditions remain unclear.

Methods: Ischemia was simulated with perfusing the brain slices with glucose-free artificial cerebrospinal fluid.

Electroacupuncture improves survival in rats with lethal endotoxemia via the autonomic nervous system.

Background: Recent advances have indicated a complex interplay between the autonomic nervous system and the innate immune system. Targeting neural networks for the treatment of sepsis is being developed as a therapeutic strategy. Because electroacupuncture at select acupoints can modulate activities of the autonomic nervous system, we tested the hypothesis that electroacupuncture at specific acupoints could modulate systemic inflammatory responses and improve survival via its impact on the autonomic nervous system in a rat model of sepsis.

Decreased hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ contributes to increased sensitivity to endotoxin in obstructive jaundice.

Aim: To investigate the role of hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) in increased susceptibility to endotoxin-induced toxicity in rats with bile duct ligation during endotoxemia.

Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to bile duct ligation (BDL). Sham-operated animals served as controls.

[Protective effect of "neiguan" (PC 6)-electroacupuncture preconditioning on the myocardium in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion rats].

Objective: To investigate the effects of "Neiguan" (PC 6)-electroacupunture (EA) preconditioning on the myocardium and its mast cells in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) rats.

Methods: Eighteen male SD rats were randomly assigned to sham group, model (IR) group and EA group (n=6/ group). MI/R model was established by occlusion of the descending anterior branch of the coronary artery.

Activity of sulfotransferase 1A1 is dramatically upregulated in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma secondary to chronic hepatitis B virus infection.

The phase I metabolizing enzyme and phase II metabolizing enzyme play vital roles in carcinogenesis, but little is known about the changes of their activities in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) secondary to chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. In this study phenacetin, a probe drug (1 g for men and 0.85 g for women orally), was applied for the detection of sulfotransferase 1A1 (SULT1A1) and cytochrome P4501A2 (CYP1A2) activities in 82 healthy participants and 148 HCC, 106 cirrhosis, and 41 chronic hepatitis B patients.

Delta opioid agonist [D-Ala2, D-Leu5] enkephalin (DADLE) reduced oxygen-glucose deprivation caused neuronal injury through the MAPK pathway.

It has been demonstrated that [D-Ala2, D-Leu5] enkephalin (DADLE), a delta opioid agonist, protected neuron from hypoxic neuronal injury by activating the delta opioid receptor (DOR). However, whether DADLE can prevent neuronal injury induced by severe hypoxia like oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) is not clear. Here, we investigated whether DADLE has a protective effect against neuronal injury induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation.

[Effects of hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 on P38 mitogen-activated protein kinases signal transduction pathway].

Objective: To observe the effect of hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 (voluven) on P38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signal transduction pathway, with the aim of investigating the mechanism of its protective effect on acute lung injury (ALI) due to infection.

Methods: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into control group, lipopolysaccharide (LPS 10 mg/kg) group, voluven groups (LPS 10 mg/kg, and hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.

Attenuating phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in the activated microglia: a new mechanism for intrathecal lidocaine reversing tactile allodynia following chronic constriction injury in rats.

Increasing evidences approve the long-term analgesia effects of intrathecal lidocaine in patients with chronic pain and in animal peripheral nerve injury models, but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Previous evidences suggest that the activation of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway in hyperactive microglia in the dorsal horn of spinal cord involves in nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain. In this study, we demonstrate that attenuating phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in the activated microglia of spinal cord, at least partly, is the mechanism of intrathecal lidocaine reversing established tactile allodynia in chronic constriction injury model of rats.

Dose-dependent neuroprotection of delta opioid peptide [D-Ala2, D-Leu5] enkephalin in neuronal death and retarded behavior induced by forebrain ischemia in rats.

Cerebral ischemic insult, mainly induced by cardiovascular disease, is one of the most severe neurological diseases in clinical. There's mounting evidence showing that delta opioid agonist [D-Ala2, D-Leu5] enkephalin (DADLE) has a tissue-protective effect. However, whether this property is effective to prevent neuronal death induced by forebrain ischemia is not clear.

Response of alveolar type II epithelial cells to mechanical stretch and lipopolysaccharide.

Background: Although many therapeutic strategies have been developed clinically, the mortality associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome remains very high.

Objectives: In this research, we used a cytomechanical method to elucidate the reason for this.

Methods: A549 cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 1 or 100 ng/ml) and/or mechanical stretch (5, 15, 30%) in varying frequency (0.

[Clinical evaluation of execution of early goal directed therapy in septic shock].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of early goal directed therapy (EGDT) in septic shock.

Methods: Two hundred and three patients with septic shock were assigned into treatment group (n=98) and control group (n=105). According to the state of organ function at the beginning of treatment and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) evaluation scores, each group was categorized into three strata: stratum A (mild organ dysfunction), stratum B (medium organ dysfunction) and stratum C (severe organ dysfunction).

[Analysis of related factors of 48 non-survivors transferred or re-admitted to intensive care unit].

Objective: To analyze the factors which influence the mortality of patients transferred or re-admitted to intensive care unit (ICU), and investigate the method to decrease mortality of patients in ICU.

Methods: The patients died in ICU from November 2002 to October 2004 were divided into three groups: control group (n=39), transferred group (n=25) and re-admitted group (n=23). The acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II(APACHEII) score, causes of death and therapeutic protocol of each patient were studied.

Up-regulation of hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha by isoflurane in Hep3B cells.

Background: The volatile anesthetic isoflurane induces hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1-responsive genes heme oxygenase 1, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. Little is known about the extent to which induction of HIF-1alpha is affected by isoflurane.

Methods: Hep3B cells were exposed to isoflurane at various concentrations (0.