PAG neuronal NMDARs activation mediated morphine-induced hyperalgesia by HMGB1-TLR4 dependent microglial inflammation.

Morphine is one of the most effective and widely used analgesic drugs. However, chronic morphine use caused opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH). The development of OIH limits the use of morphine.

Identification of potential biomarkers for artificial cold exposure-induced hypertensive stroke by proteomic analysis.

Background: The effect of changing temperature on an individual's cerebrovascular risk is both biologically plausible and supported by epidemiologic evidence. We used a global proteomic-based approach to analyze the expression alterations of proteins in artificial cold exposure (ACE)-induced hypertensive stroke in renovascular hypertensive rats (RHR) and to identify the biomarker of ACE-induced hypertensive stroke.

Methods: The RHR models were established by 2 kidney 2 clip methods.

OX26/CTX-conjugated PEGylated liposome as a dual-targeting gene delivery system for brain glioma.

Background: The successful gene delivery into the brain is a major challenge due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In order to transport plasmid DNA across the BBB and target the brain glioma, the PEGylated liposomes (PLs) modified with OX26 and chlorotoxin (CTX) were developed as a dual-targeting gene delivery system, and the therapeutic efficacy of OX26/CTX-PL/pC27 against glioma was evaluated using in vitro and in vivo experimental models.

Methods: The PEGylated liposome complexes were prepared by the reverse phase evaporation method, and their physicochemical properties were examined.

Inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma growth by adenovirus-mediated expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase COOH-27 terminal polypeptide in mice.

A 27-kDa C-terminal fragment of human telomerase reverse transcriptase, hTERTC27, has previously been reported to inhibit the growth and tumorigenicity of HeLa human cervical cancer cells and U87-MG human glioblastoma multiforme cells. However, the antitumor effects of hTERTC27 in hepatoma and its underlying mechanisms are unclear. In the current study, the therapeutic effect of hTERTC27, mediated by recombinant adenovirus, in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was explored and to investigate the possible mechanisms.

A case of Hashimoto's encephalopathy misdiagnosed as viral encephalitis.

Patient: Male, 61 FINAL DIAGNOSIS: Hashimoto's encephalopathy Symptoms: Neuropsychiatric or neurological manifestations Medication: Steroids and immunoglobulins Clinical Procedure: Immunoglobulin combined with corticosteroid therapy Specialty: Neurology.

Objective: Mistake in diagnosis.

Background: Hashimoto's encephalopathy is a rare autoimmune syndrome characterized by various neuropsychiatric or neurological manifestations and associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, responsive to steroids.

VEGF induces angiogenesis in a zebrafish embryo glioma model established by transplantation of human glioma cells.

Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is becoming an increasingly popular vertebrate cancer model. In this study, we established a xenotransplanted zebrafish embryo glioma model to further investigate the molecular mechanisms of tumor angiogenesis. We find that the glioma cell line U87 can survive, proliferate and induce additional SIV branches in zebrafish embryos.

Effective antitumor immunity against murine gliomas using dendritic cells transduced with hTERTC27 recombinant adenovirus.

hTERTC27, a 27-kDa hTERT C-terminal polypeptide has been demonstrated to cause hTERT-positive HeLa cell apoptosis and inhibits the growth of mouse melanoma. hTERTC27 has been associated with telomere dysfunction, regulation of gene-regulated apoptosis, the cell cycle and activation of natural killer (NK) cells, but its mechanism of action is not fully understood. Here, we report that dendritic cells (DCs) transduced with hTERTC27 can increase T-cell proliferation, and augment the concentration of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in the supernatants of T cells.

Hypoxic tissues are associated with microvessel density following brain ischemia-reperfusion.

Hypoxic tissue has been observed in the surrounding areas of the ischemic core following cerebral infarction. The underlying mechanisms for this potentially reversible ischemic region remain to be determined. In this study, we generated permanent brain ischemia (PI) and reperfusion after inducing ischemia for 1.

The preventive effect of oral EGCG in a fetal alcohol spectrum disorder mouse model.

Background: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a challenging public health problem. Previous studies have found an association between FASD and oxidative stress. In the present study, we assessed the role of oxidative stress in ethanol-induced embryonic damage and the effect of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a powerful antioxidant extracted from green tea, on the development of FASD in a murine model.

Relationship between cerebral hypoxic tissue volume and prognosis after stroke.

Background/aims: Between 50 and 70% of stroke survivors suffer from severe disabilities such as paralysis and aphasia. Poor stroke outcome is a reflection of our incomplete understanding of the underlying mechanisms, and hence the capacity to implement appropriate treatment(s). We evaluated hypoxic tissue after stroke and patient condition severity and prognosis.

Treatment of Parkinson disease with C17.2 neural stem cells overexpressing NURR1 with a recombined republic-deficit adenovirus containing the NURR1 gene.

To study the potential benefit of the NURR1 gene in Parkinson's disease (PD), we constructed a recombinant republic-deficit adenovirus containing the NURR1 gene (Ad-NURR1) and expressed it in transplanted neural stem cells (NSC). Ad-NURR1 was constructed, and NURR1 mRNA and protein expression were identified by in situ hybridization and western blot analysis, respectively. The identified NURR1 protein could directly or indirectly induce NSC differentiation into neurons.