EDA Complex-Promoted Cascade Cyclization of Alkynes Enabling the Rapid Assembly of 3-Sulfonylindoles and Vinyl Sulfone Oxindoles.

Herein, we disclose a photoinduced radical cascade cyclization of alkynes with sulfinates via a novel EDA complex for the synthesis of various 3-sulfonylindoles and vinyl sulfone oxindoles, which are crucial motifs in medicinal and biological chemistry. The reaction proceeds under mild, photocatalyst- and transition-metal-free conditions, featuring operational simplicity, broad substrate scope, and easy scalability. Mechanistic studies reveal that the reaction is initiated with a photoinduced intermolecular charge transfer from sulfinates to -sulfonamides, generating a sulfonyl radical followed by an -centered radical, thus enabling the cascade cyclization process.

Enantioselective Access to β-Amino Carbonyls via Ni-Catalyzed Formal Olefin Hydroamidation.

We herein describe a Ni-catalyzed formal hydroamidation of readily available α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds to afford valuable chiral β-amino acid derivatives (up to >99:1 e.r.) using dioxazolones as a robust amino source.

High-dimensional multisubject time series transition matrix inference with application to brain connectivity analysis.

Brain-effective connectivity analysis quantifies directed influence of one neural element or region over another, and it is of great scientific interest to understand how effective connectivity pattern is affected by variations of subject conditions. Vector autoregression (VAR) is a useful tool for this type of problems. However, there is a paucity of solutions when there is measurement error, when there are multiple subjects, and when the focus is the inference of the transition matrix.

Kernel Knockoffs Selection for Nonparametric Additive Models.

Thanks to its fine balance between model flexibility and interpretability, the nonparametric additive model has been widely used, and variable selection for this type of model has been frequently studied. However, none of the existing solutions can control the false discovery rate (FDR) unless the sample size tends to infinity. The knockoff framework is a recent proposal that can address this issue, but few knockoff solutions are directly applicable to nonparametric models.

Study on the Thermal Stabilizing Process of Layered Double Hydroxides in PVC Resin.

Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) is widely used in various fields and requires the use of thermal stabilizers to enhance its thermal stability during processing because of its poor thermal stability. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are widely considered to be one kind of highly efficient and environmentally friendly PVC thermal stabilizer. To investigate the thermal stabilizing process of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) in PVC resin, PVC and MgAl-LDHs powders with different interlayer anions (CO, Cl, and NO) were physically mixed and aged at 180 °C.

Efficacy of Qingfei Paidu Granules combined with non-drug traditional Chinese medicine therapy in the treatment of patients with asymptomatic coronavirus disease: A retrospective study.

The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze the clinical efficacy and safety of Qingfei Paidu granules (QFPG) combined with non-drug therapy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in treating patients with asymptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019). A total of 450 patients admitted to the wards of Chongming Changxing Island isolation site from April 1 to 18, 2022 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into 3 groups according to the treatment that they received. W1 was not treated (control group), and W2 was given QFPG (TCM treatment), W3 (TCM combined with TCM non-drug therapy) was treated with QFPG, five-element music therapy and Gong.

Pre-combustion mercury removal with co-production of hydrogen via coal electrolysis.

Pre-combustion mercury removal via coal electrolysis was performed and investigated on a bench-scale coal electrolytic cell (CEC) systemically, and factorial design was used to determine the effect of different operating conditions (coal particle size, operating temperature, operating cell voltage, and flow rate of slurry) on the percentage of mercury removal, percentage of ash removal, and dry heating value change. The results showed that the operating cell voltage, as well as the interaction between operating cell voltage and coal particle size, are significant factors in the percentage of mercury removal. There is no significant factor in the percentage of ash removal and the dry heating value change, but the coal could be purified while keeping the dry heating value almost constant after electrolysis.

Emergent weak antilocalization and wide-temperature-range electronic phase diagram in epitaxial RuOthin film.

Binary ruthenium dioxide (RuO) has gradually attracted much attention in condensed matter physics and material sciences due to its various intriguing physical properties, such as strain-induced superconductivity, anomalous Hall effect, collinear anti-ferromagnetism, etc. However, its complex emergent electronic states and the corresponding phase diagram over a wide temperature range remain unexplored, which is critically important to understanding the underlying physics and exploring its final physical properties and functionalities. Here, through optimizing the growth conditions by using versatile pulsed laser deposition, high-quality epitaxial RuOthin films with clear lattice structure are obtained, upon which the electronic transport is investigated, and emergent electronic states and the relevant physical properties are unveiled.

Enhancing the Electrochemical Performance of Aqueous Processed Li-Ion Cathodes with Silicon Oxide Coatings.

Lithium-ion battery cathode materials suffer from bulk and interfacial degradation issues, which negatively affect their electrochemical performance. Oxide coatings can mitigate some of these problems and improve electrochemical performance. However, current coating strategies have low throughput, are expensive, and have limited applicability.

Statistical Inference for High-Dimensional Vector Autoregression with Measurement Error.

High-dimensional vector autoregression with measurement error is frequently encountered in a large variety of scientific and business applications. In this article, we study statistical inference of the transition matrix under this model. While there has been a large body of literature studying sparse estimation of the transition matrix, there is a paucity of inference solutions, especially in the high-dimensional scenario.

In Situ Reconstructed Mo-doped Amorphous FeOOH Boosts the Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

Developing a fast and highly active oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalyst to change energy kinetics technology is essential for making clean energy. Herein, we prepare three-dimensional (3D) hollow Mo-doped amorphous FeOOH (Mo-FeOOH) based on the precatalyst MoS /FeC O via in situ reconstruction strategy. Mo-FeOOH exhibits promising OER performance.

[Research strategies and methods for precious animal medicine substitutes].

Animal medicine is a large category of Chinese medicinecommonly used in clinical practice and has important scientific and therapeutic value. Animal medicine isscarcer than herbal medicine. In recent years, with the vigorous development of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the contradiction between the increasing industrial demand andsupply of scarce and even endangered medicinal animals has become increasingly prominent.

A lightweight thermally insulating and moisture-stable composite made of hollow silica particles.

Thermal insulation materials are highly desirable for several applications ranging from building envelopes to thermal energy storage systems. A new type of low-cost insulation material called hollow silica particles (HSPs) was recently reported. The present work presents an HSP-based stand-alone composite that has very low thermal conductivity and is highly stable to moisture.

-Selective Intramolecular Alkyne Hydroamidation Enabled by NiH Catalysis Incorporating Alkenylnickel Isomerization.

Intramolecular alkyne hydroamidation represents a straightforward approach for the access to synthetically valuable cyclic enamides. Despite some advances made in this realm, the ability to attain a precise regiocontrol still remains challenging, especially for cyclization that leads to six-membered and larger azacyclic rings. Herein, we report a NiH-catalyzed intramolecular hydroamidation of alkynyl dioxazolones that allows for an excellent selectivity, thus affording a range of six- to eight-membered endocyclic enamides with a broad scope.

Structural Design Calculation of Basalt Fiber Polymer-Modified RPC Beams Subjected to Four-Point Bending.

In this paper, a basalt fiber surface was treated with coupling agent KH-550 and hydrochloric acid, and the basalt fiber polymer-modified active powder concrete (RPC) material was prepared. There are significant differences in material composition and properties between basalt fiber polymer-modified RPC and ordinary concrete, and the structural design calculation (cracking moment and normal section bending bearing capacity) of an ordinary reinforced concrete beam is no longer applicable. Thus, mechanical parameters such as displacement and strain of reinforcement basalt fiber polymer-modified RPC beams subjected to four-point bending were tested.

Merging NiH Catalysis and Inner-Sphere Metal-Nitrenoid Transfer for Hydroamidation of Alkynes.

The formal hydroamination/hydroamidation utilizing metal hydride is an appealing synthetic tool for the construction of valuable nitrogen-containing compounds from unsaturated hydrocarbons. While significant advances have been made for the functionalizations of alkenes in this realm, the direct hydroamidation of alkynes remains rather limited due to the high feasibility of the key metal-alkenyl intermediate to choose other reaction pathways. Herein, we report a NiH-catalyzed strategy for the hydroamidation of alkynes with dioxazolones, which allows convenient access to synthetically useful secondary enamides in ()--Markovnikov or Markovnikov selectivity.

The kinematic analysis of the lower limb during topspin forehand loop between different level table tennis athletes.

Background: Topspin is one of the most attacking stroke in table tennis sport. The aim of this research was to investigate the kinematic characteristics of the lower limb (driving leg) during topspin forehand loop in different playing level table tennis athletes.

Methods: Ten male table tennis athletes performed topspin forehand loop shots with maximal force to hit the ball that was played by a professional table tennis coach.

Analysis of Health Service Utilization and its Influencing Factors among Patients with Pneumoconiosis in China.

Pneumoconiosis, an interstitial lung disease that occurs from breathing in certain kinds of damaging dust particles, is a major occupational disease in China. Patients diagnosed with occupational pneumoconiosis can avail of free medical treatment, whereas patients without a diagnosis of occupational diseases cannot not claim free medical treatment in most provinces from the government before 2019. This study aimed to analyze the priority of medical facility selection and its influencing factors among patients with pneumoconiosis.

Automobile Exhaust Removal Performance of Pervious Concrete with Nano TiO under Photocatalysis.

The urban environment is facing serious problems caused by automobile exhaust pollution, which has led to a great impact on human health and climate, and aroused widespread concern of the government and the public. Nano titanium dioxide (TiO), as a photocatalyst, can be activated by ultraviolet irradiation and then form a strong REDOX potential on the surface of the nano TiO particles. The REDOX potential can degrade the automobile exhaust, such as nitrogen oxides (NO) and hydrocarbons (HC).

Natural Frequency Response Evaluation for RC Beams Affected by Steel Corrosion Using Acceleration Sensors.

This paper presented a laboratory investigation for analyzing the natural frequency response of reinforced concrete (RC) beams affected by steel corrosion. The electrochemical acceleration technique induced the corroded RC beams until the predetermined value of the steel corrosion ratio was achieved. Then, the natural frequency responses of the corroded beams were tested utilizing piezoelectric acceleration sensors.

Steel Corrosion Evaluation of Basalt Fiber RPC Affected by Crack and Steel-Concrete Interface Damage Using Electrochemical Methods.

Basalt fiber (BF) is a new anti-corrosion and environmentally friendly material, which is expected to delay the corrosion process of steel bars and improve the durability of reinforced reactive powder concrete (RPC). The electrochemical method is a nondestructive testing and real-time monitoring technique used to characterize the corrosion behaviors of steel bars embedded in concrete structures. In this paper, the electrochemical technique was employed to evaluate the corrosion of steel bars embedded in basalt fiber modified reactive powder concrete (BFRPC).

Mechanical Properties and Fracture Behavior of Crumb Rubber Basalt Fiber Concrete Based on Acoustic Emission Technology.

Basalt fiber and crumb rubber, as excellent road material modifiers, have great advantages in improving the mechanical properties and fracture behavior of concrete. Acoustic emission (AE) is a nondestructive testing and real-time monitoring technique used to characterize the fracture behavior of concrete specimens. The object of this paper is to investigate the effects of crumb rubber replacement rate, basalt fiber content and water-binder ratio on the mechanical properties and fracture behavior of crumb rubber basalt fiber concrete (CRBFC) based on orthogonal test.

Ultrahigh Performance in Lead-Free Piezoceramics Utilizing a Relaxor Slush Polar State with Multiphase Coexistence.

Owing to growing environmental concerns, the development of lead-free piezoelectrics with comparable performance to the benchmark Pb(Zr,Ti)O (PZT) becomes of great urgency. However, a further enhancement of lead-free piezoelectrics based on existing strategies has reached a bottleneck. Here we achieve a slush polar state with multiphase coexistence in lead-free potassium-sodium niobate (KNN) piezoceramics, which shows a novel relaxor behavior, i.

Tensor Graphical Model: Non-Convex Optimization and Statistical Inference.

We consider the estimation and inference of graphical models that characterize the dependency structure of high-dimensional tensor-valued data. To facilitate the estimation of the precision matrix corresponding to each way of the tensor, we assume the data follow a tensor normal distribution whose covariance has a Kronecker product structure. A critical challenge in the estimation and inference of this model is the fact that its penalized maximum likelihood estimation involves minimizing a non-convex objective function.

Practical High Piezoelectricity in Barium Titanate Ceramics Utilizing Multiphase Convergence with Broad Structural Flexibility.

Due to growing environmental concerns on the toxicity of lead-based piezoelectric materials, lead-free alternatives are urgently required but so far have not been able to reach competitive performance. Here we employ a novel phase-boundary engineering strategy utilizing the multiphase convergence, which induces a broad structural flexibility in a wide phase-boundary zone with contiguous polymorphic phase transitions. We achieve an ultrahigh piezoelectric constant ( d) of 700 ± 30 pC/N in BaTiO-based ceramics, maintaining >600 pC/N over a wide composition range.