[Historical snail environments in Baoshan District, Shanghai City].

Objective: To understand the distribution and characteristics of historical snail environments in Baoshan District, Shanghai City, so as to provide the reference for adjusting and formulating the monitoring program of the snail situation in the future.

Methods: A retrospective survey and a field survey were conducted to collect the information of historical snail environments and set up the database. The distribution and characteristics of them were analyzed.

Economic burden and its associated factors of hospitalized patients infected with A (H7N9) virus: a retrospective study in Eastern China, 2013-2014.

Background: H7N9 continues to cause human infections and remains a pandemic concern. Understanding the economic impacts of this novel disease is important for making decisions on health resource allocation, including infectious disease prevention and control investment. However, there are limited data on such impacts.