Multi-Gene Phylogeny and Taxonomy of (Bankeraceae, Basidiomycota) from China.

The genus is an important group of stipitate hydnaceous fungi which can form ectomycorrhiza with many species of woody plants. In recent decades, the frequency and number of basidiocarps observed in China have been declining significantly. So far, however, we know little about the species diversity of in China.

[Pollution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Nitro Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in PM of Nanjing, China].

Nitro polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) are important pollutants with carcinogenic effects present in PM. To analyze the pollution characteristics and sources of NPAHs, 14 samples of PM were collected in Nanjing from November 2017 to March 2018. The results showed that, 2,8-dinitrodibenzothiophene (743 pg·m), 2, 7-dinitrofluorene (331 pg·m), 9-nitroanthracene (326 pg·m), 3-nitrofluoranthene (217 pg·m), and 1,8-dinitropyrene (193 pg·m) were dominant, and the detection concentrations notably varied between seasons; the highest concentrations occurred in winter (3082 pg·m) followed by autumn (1553 pg·m) and spring (1218 pg·m).

, a new edible member of -complex from southwestern China.

Members of -complex or olive waxcaps have both ecological and economic significance. European and North American species diversity of this fungal group has been presented in recent molecular phylogenetic studies, but no Chinese materials were included. In this study, a phylogenetic overview of the -complex based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences was made, and a local popular edible species from southwestern China was described as a new species .

subsection (Hygrophoraceae, Agaricales) in China.

Hygrophorus subsect. Hygrophorus has been relatively well-studied in Europe and North America, but studies on the taxa in Asia, particularly in China, are still limited. In this study, phylogenetic overviews of genus , based on the nuclear large subunit (LSU) ribosomal RNA gene and of subsect.

Knockdown of KIAA1199 suppresses IL-1β-induced cartilage degradation and inflammatory responses in human chondrocytes through the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway.

The overproduction of proteolytic enzymes and dysregulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolism have been shown to accelerate the degradation process of articular cartilage. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of KIAA1199 and its association with the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA). We found that the expression of KIAA1199 was significantly upregulated in OA cartilage compared with normal tissues.

Phylogeny, biogeography and taxonomic re-assessment of Multifurca (Russulaceae, Russulales) using three-locus data.

Multifurca is a small genus newly established to accommodate lactarioid and russuloid species with some characters reminiscent of corticoid members of Russulaceae. It shows an amphi-pacific distribution with strong preference for the tropical zone of the Northern Hemisphere and thus has particular significance for biogeographical study. Using worldwide samples and three loci (ITS, 28S rDNA and rpb2), we demonstrated that Multifurca is split into two highly supported major clades that are here recognized at the subgeneric level: subg.

Novel natural compounds from endophytic fungi with anticancer activity.

Plant endophytes are microorganisms that live in healthy plant tissues in part or all of their life history without causing obvious symptoms of infection in the host plants. Endophytes, a new type of microbial resource that can produce a variety of biological constituents, have great values for research and broad prospects for development. This article reviewed the research and development progress of endophytic fungi with cytotoxic activity between 2014 and 2017, including endophytic fungi sources, microbial taxonomy, compound classification and cytotoxic activity.

Emodin ameliorates cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis by inhibiting NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin signaling in-vitro and in-vivo.

The overproduction of MMPs (matrix metalloproteinases) and members of the ADAMTS (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs) protein family plays an important role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). The potential of selective MMPs or ADAMTS inhibitors as chemopreventive agents for OA has been demonstrated in several studies. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of emodin (1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methylanthaquinone), isolated from the root of Rheum palmatum L.

Matrine exerts inhibitory effects in melanoma through the regulation of miR-19b-3p/PTEN.

Matrine, one of the main alkaloid components extracted from the traditional Chinese herb, Sophora flavescens Ait, has various pharmacological effects, and has been reported to exert antitumor activity in melanoma. In the current study, the molecular mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effects of matrine were investigated in melanoma cell line. It was initially confirmed that matrine inhibited proliferation, invasion and induced apoptosis in human A375 and SK-MEL-2 melanoma cell lines in vitro.

[Mid-term follow-up and clinical efficacy of total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis patients with Parkinson's disease].

Objective: To investigate clinical efficacy and experience of total knee arthroplasty in treating knee osteoarthritis patients with Parkinson's disease.

Methods: From January 2011 to January 2014, 19 knee osteoarthritis patients with Parkinson's disease treated with total knee arthroplasty were collected. Among them, including 9 males and 10 females aged from 61 to 83 years old with an average of 71.

[Efficacy analysis on hip replacement for hip-joint diseases with Parkinson disease].

Objective: To explore clinical efficacy of hip replacement for hip-joint diseases with Parkinson disease.

Methods: From December 2011 to December 2016, 18 patients with hip-joint diseases with Parkinson disease treated by hip replacement, including 8 males and 10 females aged from 59 to 87 years old with an average of 71 years old. Among them, 3 cases were developmental dysplasia of hip, 3 cases were femoral head necrosis and 12 cases were femoral neck fracture.

Multilocus phylogenetic and coalescent-based methods reveal dilemma in generic limits, cryptic species, and a prevalent intercontinental disjunct distribution in Geopyxis (Pyronemataceae s. l., Pezizomycetes).

Species limits in the small genus Geopyxis are debatable because of problems with interpreting the few phenotypic features and poor documentation of types. To clarify species boundaries and diversity, we studied the morphology of 74 specimens of Geopyxis from the Northern Hemisphere, including five types, and sequenced four loci for 57 representatives: the nuc rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS), D1-D2 domains of nuc 28S rDNA (28S), translation elongation factor (tef1), and (or) part of the second largest subunit of the RNA polymerase II (rpb2) (5-7 region).

Multilocus phylogenetic analyses reveal unexpected abundant diversity and significant disjunct distribution pattern of the Hedgehog Mushrooms (Hydnum L.).

Hydnum is a fungal genus proposed by Linnaeus in the early time of modern taxonomy. It contains several ectomycorrhizal species which are commonly consumed worldwide. However, Hydnum is one of the most understudied fungal genera, especially from a molecular phylogenetic view.

Ectomycorrhizae of Tuber huidongense and T. liyuanum with Castanea mollissima and Pinus armandii.

Tuber huidongense and T. liyuanum are common commercial white truffles in China that belong to the Rufum and Puberulum groups of the genus Tuber, respectively. Their mycorrhizae were successfully synthesized with two native trees--Castanea mollissima and Pinus armandii--under greenhouse conditions.

Revisiting the morphology and phylogeny of Lactifluus with three new lineages from southern China.

As a recent group mainly defined by molecular data the genus Lactifluus is in need of further study to provide insight into the morphological and molecular variation within the genus, species limits and relationships. Phylogenetic analyses of nuc rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS), D1 and D2 domains of nuc 28S rDNA (28S), and part of the second largest subunit of the RNA polymerase II (rpb2) (6-7 region) sequences of 28 samples from southern China revealed three new lineages of Lactifluus.

[Selective COX-2 inhibitor versus nonselective COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitor in the prevention of heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty: a meta-analysis of randomised trials].

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficiency of selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor compared to traditional nonselective NSAIDs for the prevention of heterotopic ossification (HO) after total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Methods: By searching Medline, Embase, CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) and Science Citation Index et al, only randomised controlled studies of selective COX-2 inhibitors VS nonselective COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors for the prevention of HO after THA were included. The quality assessment of included studies was evaluated according to the standard of the Cochrane Collaboration, and the data were analysised by statistic software Stata 10.

[Medium-term follow-up outcomes of total hip arthroplasty for patients with ankylosing spondylitis].

Objective: To retrospectively study medium-term follow-up outcomes of total hip arthroplasty (THA) for patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Methods: From January 2000 to December 2008, 67 patients (88 hip joints) with AS were treated with all ceramic interface THA. And 55 patients (74 hips) were finally followed up.

One-step leapfrog ADI-FDTD method for simulating electromagnetic wave propagation in general dispersive media.

The one-step leapfrog alternating-direction-implicit finite-difference time-domain (ADI-FDTD) method is reformulated for simulating general electrically dispersive media. It models material dispersive properties with equivalent polarization currents. These currents are then solved with the auxiliary differential equation (ADE) and then incorporated into the one-step leapfrog ADI-FDTD method.

[Total hip arthroplasty for crowe type IV developmental dysplasia of the hip with S-ROM prosthesis].

Objective: To develop the techniques of total hip arthroplasty(THA) for Crowe type IV developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) with S-ROM prosthesis,and to assess its clinical results.

Methods: From October 2000 to October 2011,30 patients (36 hips) with Crowe type IV DDH underwent THA,including 6 patients with bilateral hip involved and 24 patients with unilateral. S-ROM prosthesis was adopted together with subtrochanteric transverse osteotomy.

Celastrol, an inhibitor of heat shock protein 90β potently suppresses the expression of matrix metalloproteinases, inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in primary human osteoarthritic chondrocytes.

Overexpression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) have long been suggested to play crucial roles in the progression of osteoarthritis. Studies have showed that selective MMPs, iNOS and COX-2 inhibitors possess great potential as chondroprotective agents for osteoarthritis. Therefore, there have been intensive efforts to develop novel natural compounds that target MMPs, iNOS and COX-2 activation.

Inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases and inducible nitric oxide synthase by andrographolide in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of andrographolide on matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 1, 3, and 13 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in human articular chondrocytes from osteoarthritic cartilage.

Methods: Passaged chondrocytes were pretreated with or without andrographolide for 2 h, followed by coincubation with interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) 1 ng/ml for 24 h. Expression levels of MMP-1, 3, and 13, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), and iNOS were evaluated using real-time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blotting.

[Quantitative PCR for early diagnosis of invasive fungal infections in patients with hematologic malignancies].

This study was aimed to establish the approach of quantitative PCR (q-PCR) for diagnosis of invasive fungal infections (IFI) in patients with hematologic malignancies. Specimens from 40 patients with hematologic malignancies were chosen for q-PCR and galactomannan (GM) test. The 28S rRNA, a real high consensus sequence of fungi, was selected as target gene to design primer and probe.

Pure alumina bearings with cementless stems versus sandwich bearings with cemented stems in total hip arthroplasty.

Background: Ceramic bearing surfaces have been introduced to prevent osteolysis after total hip arthroplasty (THA), but little is known about the difference in clinical and radiological results between pure alumina and sandwich alumina bearings. The purpose of this study was to analyze the results obtained with third-generation alumina-on-alumina THA with two different designs both in liner and femoral stem fixation after a minimum follow-up of 4.2 years.