Distribution of phthalate esters and their metabolites in peanut plant during the entire growth period and their dietary risk assessment of peanuts in China.

To understand the remediation potential of peanut plants to phthalate esters (PAEs) contamination, the absorption and accumulation patterns of dibutyl phthalate (DBP), bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and diisononyl ortho-phthalate (DINP), as well as their metabolites-monoalkyl phthalate esters (MPEs), monobutyl phthalate (MBP), monoethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), and monoisononyl phthalate (MINP), were examined in peanut plant during the entire growth period. It was found that the amounts of DBP and MBP in peanut plants correlated positively, when the DBP content is high, the MBP content is also high, as well as DEHP and MEHP. Additionally, the root contained the highest overall concentrations of DBP, DEHP, DINP, MBP, and MEHP over the course of the growth cycle.

Responses of transcriptome and metabolome in peanut leaves to dibutyl phthalate during whole growth period.

Introduction: The application of agricultural film mulching technology has significantly contributed to increasing crop yield and income, but the pollution caused by residual film has seriously affected agricultural production and the natural environment. Agricultural film is commonly employed to enhance the yield of peanuts; its use may lead to excessive dibutyl phthalate (DBP) residues in peanut kernels. But, limited investigations have been conducted on the regulatory mechanism of peanut leaves in response to DBP exposure throughout the entire growth period.

RNA interference-mediated silencing of ctl13 inhibits innate immunity and development in stored pest Tribolium castaneum.

C-type lectins (CTLs) play a pivotal role in the regulation of insect immunity and growth, making them potential molecular targets for RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated pest control. Although multiple CTLs have been identified in the genomes of various insects, their specific functions and underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, a novel CTL, Tcctl13 with a single CRD, was identified in Tribolium castaneum.

mycotoxins: The major food contaminants.

Mycotoxins, which are secondary metabolites produced by toxicogenic fungi, are natural food toxins that cause acute and chronic adverse reactions in humans and animals. The genus is one of three major genera of mycotoxin-producing fungi. Trichothecenes, fumonisins, and zearalenone are the major mycotoxins that occur worldwide.

Characterization and mechanism of simultaneous degradation of aflatoxin B and zearalenone by an edible fungus of GC-Ac2.

Contamination with multiple mycotoxins is a major issue for global food safety and trade. This study focused on the degradation of aflatoxin B (AFB) and zearalenone (ZEN) by 8 types of edible fungi belonging to 6 species, inclulding , , , , and Among these fungi, strain GC-Ac2 was shown to be the most efficient in the degradation of AFB and ZEN. Under optimal degradation conditions (pH 6.

Topical hemostatic agents in spinal surgery.

Spinal surgery can be associated with significant intraoperative blood loss which may lead to various complications. As the number of patients undergoing spinal surgery increases over time, accurate and effective hemostasis becomes critically important. Despite various surgical hemostatic techniques, conventional interventions such as compression, suture, ligation, and heat-generating cautery, are not suitable for osseous and epidural venous plexus bleeding during spinal procedures.

Identification of two galectin-4 proteins (PcGal4-L and PcGal4-L-CRD) and their function in AMP expression in Procambarus clarkii.

Galectins, a family of lectins that bind to β-galactoside, possess conserved carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs) and play a crucial role in recognizing and eliminating pathogens in invertebrates. Two galectin-4 genes (PcGal4) isoforms, named PcGal4-L and PcGal4-L-CRD, were cloned from the cDNA library of Procambarus clarkia in our study. PcGal4-L contains an open reading frame (ORF, 1089 bp), which encodes a protein consisting of 362 amino acids including a single CRD and six low complexity regions.

Characterization and mechanism of aflatoxin degradation by a novel strain of CGMCC3.5218.

Aflatoxins, which are produced mainly by and , are recognized as the most toxic mycotoxins, which are strongly carcinogenic and pose a serious threat to human and animal health. Therefore, strategies to degrade or eliminate aflatoxins in agro-products are urgently needed. We investigated 65 isolates belonging to 23 species for their aflatoxin B (AFB)-degrading capabilities.

Extensive Spinal Epidural Abscess Resulting in Complete Paraplegia Treated by Selective Laminectomies and Irrigation.

Background: Spinal epidural abscess (SEA) is an uncommon clinical entity that is often subject to delayed diagnosis and suboptimal treatment. Untreated disease leads to compression of the spinal cord, resulting in devastating complications.

Case Presentation: A 56-year-old man visited our hospital for progressive lower back and lower extremity pain of several days' duration.

Potential of spp. for Biocontrol of Aflatoxin-Producing .

The inhibitory action of 20 antagonistic isolates against the aflatoxigenic isolate ITEM 9 (Af-9) and their efficacy in reducing aflatoxin formation in vitro were examined. Production of metabolites with inhibitory effect by the isolates was also investigated. Antagonistic effect against Af-9 was assessed by inhibition of radial growth of the colonies and by fungal interactions in dual confrontation tests.

Right ventricular diastolic dysfunction and failure: a review.

Right ventricular diastolic dysfunction and failure (RVDDF) has been increasingly identified in patients with cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure and other diseases with cardiac involvement. It is unknown whether RVDDF exists as a distinct clinical entity; however, its presence and degree have been shown to be a sensitive marker of end-organ dysfunction related to multiple disease processes including systemic hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, and endocrine disease. In this manuscript, we review issues pertaining to RVDDF including anatomic features of the right ventricle, physiologic measurements, RVDDF diagnosis, underlying mechanisms, clinical impact, and clinical management.

Multiplex PCR assay to detect and species simultaneously.

A wide variety of mycotoxins is produced by mycotoxigenic fungi and naturally contaminates food and feed products worldwide. Synergistic effects of multi-toxins are potentially more harmful than exposure to a single compound and can induce acute and chronic toxicity to animals and humans. The aim of the present study is to timely and simultaneously identify the multiple mycotoxigenic fungi capable of causing synergistic toxicity to improve the safety level of food and feedstuff.

Surgical treatment of atlantoaxial subluxation by intraoperative skull traction and C1-C2 fixation.

Background: Atlantoaxial subluxation (AAS) is a not rare abnormality between the atlas (C1) and axis (C2). For AAS patients with persistent neck pain and neurologic symptoms, surgical intervention is a good choice. Nevertheless, there were still few reports about the use of intraoperative skull traction and different fixation methods in treatment of AAS.

Small Molecular Contaminant and Microorganism Can Be Simultaneously Detected Based on Nanobody-Phage: Using Carcinogen Aflatoxin and Its Main Fungal Section spp. in Stored Maize for Demonstration.

Simultaneous detection technology has become a hot topic in analytical chemistry; however, very few reports on how to simultaneously detect small molecular contaminants and microorganisms have been in place. Aflatoxins are a group of highly toxic and carcinogenic compounds, which are produced mainly by and from section responsible for aflatoxin accumulation in stored cereals. Both aflatoxins and section were used to demonstrate the duplex real-time RCR method of simultaneously detecting small molecular contaminants and microorganisms.

Control of Aflatoxigenic Molds by Antagonistic Microorganisms: Inhibitory Behaviors, Bioactive Compounds, Related Mechanisms, and Influencing Factors.

Aflatoxin contamination has been causing great concern worldwide due to the major economic impact on crop production and their toxicological effects to human and animals. Contamination can occur in the field, during transportation, and also in storage. Post-harvest contamination usually derives from the pre-harvest infection of aflatoxigenic molds, especially aflatoxin-producing such as and .

Anesthetic Agents Isoflurane and Propofol Decrease Maximal Ca-Activated Force and Thus Contractility in the Failing Myocardium.

In the normal heart, frequently used anesthetics such as isoflurane and propofol can reduce inotropy. However, the impact of these agents on the failing myocardium is unclear. Here, we examined whether and how isoflurane and propofol influence cardiac contractility in intact cardiac muscles from rats treated with monocrotaline to induce heart failure.

Treatment of irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation using one-stage retropharyngeal release and posterior reduction.

Introduction: Irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation (IAAD) has been challenging for spine surgeons. Various methods have been used to treat IAAD, but no consensus has been reached. This study aimed to retrospectively analyze the efficacy of anterior submandibular retropharyngeal release and posterior reduction and fixation for IAAD.

Fropofol prevents disease progression in mice with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Aims: Increased myofilament contractility is recognized as a crucial factor in the pathogenesis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Direct myofilament desensitization might be beneficial in preventing HCM disease progression. Here, we tested whether the small molecule fropofol prevents HCM phenotype expression and disease progression by directly depressing myofilament force development.

Anti-idiotypic nanobody-phage display-mediated real-time immuno-PCR for sensitive, simultaneous and quantitative detection of total aflatoxins and zearalenone in grains.

An anti-idiotypic nanobody-phage display-mediated immuno-polymerase chain reaction (PD-IPCR) method was developed for simultaneous quantitative detection of total aflatoxins and zearalenone in cereals. Two phages, displaying the variable domain of the heavy chain anti-idiotypic nanobody that binds aflatoxin- or zearalenone-specific monoclonal antibody (1C11 or 2D3), were used as competitors for corresponding analytes. Specific DNA sequences encoding anti-idiotypic nanobodies were used to design the primers for PCR amplification.

Epidural adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell activation induced by lung cancer cells promotes malignancy and EMT of lung cancer.

Background: Spinal metastasis is a major challenge in patients with advanced lung cancer, but the mechanisms in the organotropism of metastasis are still unclear. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) exhibit cancer-promoting properties that influence the tumour microenvironment; however, there is no research on ADSCs from epidural fat thus far.

Methods: In this study, we isolated and identified ADSCs from epidural adipose tissue for the first time.

EXPRESS: Right Heart in Pulmonary Hypertension: From Adaptation to Failure.

Right ventricular (RV) failure (RVF) has garnered significant attention in recent years because of its negative impact on clinical outcomes in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH). PH triggers a series of events, including activation of several signaling pathways that regulate cell growth, metabolism, extracellular matrix remodeling, and energy production. These processes render the RV adaptive to PH.

Unique Complications of Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy and Percutaneous Endoscopic Interlaminar Discectomy.

Background: Percutaneous endoscopic discectomy (PED) includes 2 main procedures: percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) and percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy (PEID), both of which are minimally invasive surgical procedures that effectively deal with lumbar degenerative disorders. Because of the challenging learning curve for the surgeon and the individual characteristics of each patient, preventing and avoiding complications is difficult. The most common complications, such as nucleus pulposus omission, nerve root injury, dural tear, visceral injury, nerve root induced hyperalgesia or burning-like nerve root pain, postoperative dysesthesia, posterior neck pain, and surgical site infection, are difficult to avoid; however, more focus on these issues perioperatively may be in order.

Fropofol decreases force development in cardiac muscle.

Supranormal contractile properties are frequently associated with cardiac diseases. Anesthetic agents, including propofol, can depress myocardial contraction. We tested the hypothesis that fropofol, a propofol derivative, reduces force development in cardiac muscles via inhibition of cross-bridge cycling and may therefore have therapeutic potential.

The Genetic and Molecular Bases for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: The Role for Calcium Sensitization.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) affects millions of people around the world as one of the most common genetic heart disorders and leads to cardiac ischemia, heart failure, dysfunction of other organ systems, and increased risk for sudden unexpected cardiac deaths. HCM can be caused by single-point mutations, insertion or deletion mutations, or truncation of cardiac myofilament proteins. The molecular mechanism that leads to disease progression and presentation is still poorly understood, despite decades of investigations.

miR-21 predicts poor prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma.

Background And Aims: miR-21 has been demonstrated to play an important role in tumour progression. The aim of the present study was to analyse the correlation between miR-21 expression level and clinicopathologic features, as well as to assess the prognostic significance of miR-21 in osteosarcoma.

Methods: Eighty-four pairs of osteosarcoma and corresponding non-cancerous bone tissues were obtained, and miR-21 expression levels were detected using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).