Chang'E-5 samples reveal high water content in lunar minerals.

The formation and distribution of lunar surficial water remains ambiguous. Here, we show the prominence of water (OH/HO) attributed to solar wind implantation on the uppermost surface of olivine, plagioclase, and pyroxene grains from Chang'E-5 samples. The results of spectral and microstructural analyses indicate that solar wind-derived water is affected by exposure time, crystal structure, and mineral composition.