A Topology Control with Energy Balance in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks for IoT-Based Application.

As part of the IoT-based application, underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSN), which are typically self-organized heterogeneous wireless network, are one of the research hot-spots using various sensors in marine exploration and water environment monitoring application fields, recently. Due to the serious attenuation of radio in water, acoustic or hybrid communication is a usual way for transmitting information among nodes, which dissipates much more energy to prevent the network failure and guarantee the quality of service (QoS). To address this issue, a topology control with energy balance, namely TCEB, is proposed for UWSN to overcome time-delay and other interference, as well as make the entire network load balance.

A curve shaped description of large networks, with an application to the evaluation of network models.

Background: Understanding the structure of complex networks is a continuing challenge, which calls for novel approaches and models to capture their structure and reveal the mechanisms that shape the networks. Although various topological measures, such as degree distributions or clustering coefficients, have been proposed to characterize network structure from many different angles, a comprehensive and intuitive representation of large networks that allows quantitative analysis is still difficult to achieve.

Methodology/principal Findings: Here we propose a mesoscopic description of large networks which associates networks of different structures with a set of particular curves, using breadth-first search.