Multidimensional analysis of the flavor characteristics of yellow peach at different ripening stages: Chemical composition profiling and sensory evaluation.

The flavor evolution of yellow peaches during ripening was investigated using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS), metabolomics, and electronic sensoristic techniques. Of the 41 volatiles quantified, 13 increased the intensity of the aroma based on the odor activity values (OAVs). Additionally, 142 non-volatile compounds were identified.

Different frequencies of water deficit irrigation treatments improve fruit quality of Zitian seedless grapes under on-tree storage.

In this study, we assessed the impact of varied water deficit irrigation frequencies (T1: 2.5 L/4 days; T2: 5 L/8 days; CK: 5 L/4 days) on Zitian Seedless grapes from veraison to post-ripening. Notably, total soluble solids increased during on-tree storage compared to at maturity, while total anthocyanin content decreased, particularly in CK (60.

In situ profiling reveals spatially metabolic injury in the initiation of polystyrene nanoplastic-derived intestinal epithelial injury in mice.

Despite increasing concerns regarding the harmful effects of plastic-induced gut injury, mechanisms underlying the initiation of plastic-derived intestinal toxicity remain unelucidated. Here, mice were subjected to long-term exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) of varying sizes (80, 200, and 1000 nm) at doses relevant to human dietary exposure. PS-NPs exposure did not induce a significant inflammatory response, histopathological damage, or intestinal epithelial dysfunction in mice at a dosage of 0.

Gene identification and semisynthesis of the anti-inflammatory oleanane-type triterpenoid wilforlide A.

Wilforlide A is one of the main active constituents produced in trace amounts in Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, which has excellent anti-inflammatory and immune suppressive effects. Despite the seeming structural simplicity of the compound, the biosynthetic pathway of wilforlide A remains unknown. Gene-specific expression analysis and genome mining were used to identify the gene candidates, and their functions were studied in vitro and in vivo.

Crucial roles of sorbitol metabolism and energy status in the chilling tolerance of yellow peach.

In this study, we compared sorbitol metabolism, energy metabolism, and CI development in yellow peach fruit at 1 °C (less susceptible to CI) and 8 °C (more susceptible to CI) storage to elucidate potential connections between them. The results indicated that storage at 1 °C effectively maintained the textural quality of yellow peach fruit and delayed the onset of CI by 12 days compared to 8 °C. This positive effect might be attributable to 1 °C storage maintaining higher sorbitol content throughout the storage duration, thus sustaining the higher adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level and energy charge.

CYP72D19 from Tripterygium wilfordii catalyzes C-2 hydroxylation of abietane-type diterpenoids.

CYP72D19, the first functional gene of the CYP72D subfamily, catalyzes the C-2 hydroxylation of abietane-type diterpenoids. The abietane-type diterpenoids, e.g.

Multiple-statistical genome-wide association analysis and genomic prediction of fruit aroma and agronomic traits in peaches.

'Chinese Cling' is an important founder in peach breeding history due to the pleasant flavor. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) combined with genomic selection are promising tools in fruit tree breeding, as there is a considerable time lapse between crossing and release of a cultivar. In this study, 242 peaches from Shanghai germplasm were genotyped with 145 456 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).

[Gene clone and functional identification of sterol glycosyltransferases from Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis].

In this study, the authors cloned a glycosyltransferase gene PpUGT2 from Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis with the ORF length of 1 773 bp and encoding 590 amino acids. The phylogenetic tree revealed that PpUGT2 belonged to the UGT80A subfamily and was named as UGT80A49 by the UDP-glycosyltransferase(UGT) Nomenclature Committee.

Transcriptome Co-Expression Network Analysis of Peach Fruit with Different Sugar Concentrations Reveals Key Regulators in Sugar Metabolism Involved in Cold Tolerance.

Peach fruits are known to be highly susceptible to chilling injury (CI) during low-temperature storage, which has been linked to the level of sugar concentration in the fruit. In order to better understand the relationship between sugar metabolism and CI, we conducted a study examining the concentration of sucrose, fructose, and glucose in peach fruit with different sugar concentrations and examined their relationship with CI. Through transcriptome sequencing, we screened the functional genes and transcription factors (TFs) involved in the sugar metabolism pathway that may cause CI in peach fruit.

β-adrenoreceptor-triggered PKA activation negatively regulates the innate antiviral response.

Upon viral infection, cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptors detect viral nucleic acids and activate the adaptor protein VISA/MAVS- or MITA/STING-mediated innate antiviral response. Whether and how the innate antiviral response is regulated by neuronal endocrine functions is unclear. Here, we show that viral infection reduced the serum levels of the β-adrenergic hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine as well as the cellular levels of their receptors ADRB1 and ADRB2.

A novel sterol glycosyltransferase catalyses steroidal sapogenin 3-O glucosylation from Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis.

Background: Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis is an important medicinal plant, and the main active ingredient of the plant is polyphyllin, which is a steroid saponin with pharmacological activities. The central enzyme genes participating in the biosynthesis of polyphyllin are increasingly being uncovered; however, UGTs are rarely illustrated.

Genome-wide analysis of terpene synthase gene family to explore candidate genes related to disease resistance in .

In plants, a family of terpene synthases (TPSs) is responsible for the biosynthesis of terpenes and contributes to species-specific diversity of volatile organic compounds, which play essential roles in fitness of plants. However, little is known about the gene family in peach and/or nectarine ( L.).

Profiling of naturally occurring proanthocyanidins and other phenolic compounds in a diverse peach germplasm by LC-MS/MS.

Peach fruits are rich in phenolic compounds and have considerable health benefits. In this study, 19 proanthocyanidins (PACs) and 37 other phenolic compounds are identified and evaluated in the mature fruits of 217 peach accessions using LC-QTRAP-MS/MS and LC-QTOF-MS analyses. Total PAC quantities ranged from 18.

Controlled atmosphere storage alleviates internal browning in flat peach fruit by regulating energy and sugar metabolisms.

Flat peach fruit are cold-sensitive and vulnerable to chilling injury (CI), particularly internal browning (IB) during cold storage, which limits the consumer acceptance and market value of the fruit. Controlled atmosphere (CA) has been used to alleviate IB in fruit. However, the mechanisms of CA on IB in peach remains unknown.

Post-veraison different frequencies of water deficit strategies enhance Reliance grapes quality under root restriction.

In this study, two water deficit treatments in the same amount of water but with different frequencies (T1: 2.5 L per 4 d and T2: 5 L per 8 d) were performed on Reliance grapevines from veraison until harvest to explore their effects on grape berries quality under root restriction. Results showed that glucose, fructose and sucrose contents were increased, while malic acid, tartaric acid and citric acid contents were decreased under two treatments.

Modulation of innate immune response to viruses including SARS-CoV-2 by progesterone.

Whether and how innate antiviral response is regulated by humoral metabolism remains enigmatic. We show that viral infection induces progesterone via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in mice. Progesterone induces downstream antiviral genes and promotes innate antiviral response in cells and mice, whereas knockout of the progesterone receptor PGR has opposite effects.

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Detection for Peach Gummosis Disease Resistance by Genome-Wide Association Study.

Peach gummosis is one of the most widespread and destructive diseases. It causes growth stunting, yield loss, branch, trunk, and tree death, and is becoming a restrictive factor in healthy and sustainable development of peach production. Although a locus has been identified based on bi-parental quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping, selection of gummosis-resistant cultivars remains challenging due to the lack of resistant parents and of the complexity of an inducing factor.

[Roles of ERK/JNK in carbon black induced AP-1 cell signaling pathway changes].

Objective: To investigate the role of ERK/JNK in the alteration of activator protein-1(AP-1) signaling pathway in human embryonic lung fibroblasts(HELFs) induced by carbon black.

Methods: HELFs were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium containing 0, 15, 30, 60, 120 or 240 μg/mL carbon black for 24 h, and the appropriate dose of carbon black was determined by MTT assay result. HELFs were divided into three groups: HELFs, HELFs transfected with ERK dominant negative mutant plasmid(DN-ERK) and HELFs transfected with JNK dominant negative mutant plasmid(DN-JNK).

Recombinant Protein Stability in Cyanobacteria.

The living cell possesses extraordinary molecular and biochemical mechanisms by which to recognize and efficiently remove foreign, damaged, or denatured proteins. This essential function has been a barrier to the overexpression of recombinant proteins in most expression systems. A notable exception is the overexpression in of recombinant proteins, most of which, however, end-up as "inclusion bodies", , cytoplasmic aggregates of proteins that are inaccessible to the cell's proteasome.

[Effect of ERK/JNK cell signaling pathway in carbon black induced cytokine IL-6 and IL-8 expression changes].

Objective: To investigate the roles of extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)/c-Jun amino-terminal kinase(JNK) signaling pathway on the expression of interleukin-6(IL-6) and interleukin-8(IL-8) in human embryonic lung fibroblasts(HELF) induced by carbon black.

Methods: HELFs were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium containing 0, 15, 30, 60, 120 or 240 μg/mL carbon black for 24 h, and the appropriate dose of carbon black was determined by MTT assay result HELFs were divided into three groups: HELFs, HELFs transfected with ERK dominant negative mutant plasmid(DN-ERK) and HELFs transfected with JNK dominant negative mutant plasmid(DN-JNK). 100 μg/mL carbon black was used to treat HELFs(CB), DN-ERK HELFs(CB-DN-ERK), DN-JNK HELFs(CB-DN-JNK), and HELFs without any black carbon treatment were considered as control group.

A comparative UPLC-Q-TOF/MS-based metabolomics approach for distinguishing peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) fruit cultivars with varying antioxidant activity.

Peaches (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) are nutritionally and economically important and they are one of the most popular fruits consumed worldwide. Understanding metabolite-caused bioactivity differences among cultivars is essential for designing a peach with enhanced nutritional traits.