Publications by authors named "XianTao Shen"

Background: Simultaneous determination of different natures of analytes is of great significance for saving sample volumes and simplifying analytical procedures. However, sample preparation for the simultaneous extraction of polar and non-polar analytes represents a challenge in sample preparation. Inspired by the successive liquid-phase microextraction (sLPME) method for acidic and basic analytes that we previously developed, we first proposed an efficient successive electromembrane extraction (sEME) system by adjusting the acidity of the donor solution and using binary organic solvents for extraction of polar and non-polar targets from biological samples in this work.

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Background: Ultrasound (US) is a promising alternative to fluoroscopy (FL) for guiding percutaneous leverage reduction of displaced radial neck fractures in children. However, few studies have compared these modalities. This study aims to compare both the accuracy and efficacy of FL-guided versus US-guided percutaneous pinning in the treatment of radial neck fracture.

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Background: Acute ankle sprains are among the most common injuries in children and are often associated with chondral avulsion fractures and ligament injuries. However, radiography may not be sufficiently accurate for assessing cartilage and ligament injuries in children. The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the necessity of radiography in the diagnosis of acute ankle sprains in children.

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Long-term occupational exposure to metals and organics have been reported to be under great health risks. However, limited data are available on the molecular mechanism between combined exposure to metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and harmful health effects. In present work, non-target metabolomics study was conducted based on urine samples from nonferrous metal smelting workers (n = 207), surrounding residents (n = 180), and the control residents (n = 187) by using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS).

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The monitoring of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is crucial for understanding the level of antimicrobial resistance and the associated health burden, which in turn is essential for the control and prevention of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Isothermal amplification, an emerging molecular biology technology, has been widely used for drug resistance detection. Furthermore, its compatibility with a range of technologies enables high-specificity, high-throughput, and portable and integrated detection in drug resistance, particularly in resource-limited areas.

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  • Idiopathic clubfoot (IC) can be initially corrected with the Ponseti method, but often recurs, potentially due to various unknown genetic and environmental factors, including a specific genetic marker (rs274503) found in Caucasian children.
  • An 11-center study involving 516 IC patients and 661 healthy children in China identified that the G variant of rs274503 is linked to a higher risk of developing IC, particularly in cases with bilateral involvement.
  • While the G variant of rs274503 was associated with increased IC risk, the results were not significant in all genetic models, indicating the need for more research to validate these findings.
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  • Ultrasound (US) shows promise in computer-assisted orthopedic surgery (CAOS) due to its advantages, but bone segmentation is hindered by low-quality images and inadequate traditional methods.
  • This research focuses on improving feature extraction and segmentation of bone US images by proposing a novel convolutional neural network (CNN) called BCA-Net.
  • The BCA-Net utilizes a dual-decoder system with multiscale banded convolution kernels, incorporates prior knowledge of bone features, and introduces a new task consistency loss to enhance performance, validated using a dataset of 1623 US images.
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  • The study investigates the immune responses in mild and severe cases of mild pneumonia (MPP) using single-cell RNA sequencing of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples from healthy donors and pediatric patients.
  • Severe MPP patients show high levels of exhausted T cells and M1-like macrophages, with T cell exhaustion linked to ongoing type I interferon signaling and lack of support from CD4 T cells.
  • In contrast, mild MPP patients have a greater number of activated neutrophils, which enhance protective immunity, highlighting different immune mechanisms in mild versus severe cases.
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  • The study examined the effectiveness of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for assessing blood flow in the femoral head of infants with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) and septic arthritis of the hip (SAH).
  • A total of 10 infants were analyzed, with findings indicating a significant decrease in perfusion area ratio (PAR) in the case group and notable improvements after interventions.
  • Results supported CEUS as a reliable method for monitoring hip perfusion, providing valuable data for clinical assessments and treatment outcomes.
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  • LC-MS/MS-based metabolomics is used to study disease biomarkers, specifically through analyzing the effects of Phenobarbital (PHB) poisoning on acylcarnitine levels in plasma and brain tissues.
  • The study effectively employed various statistical methods, including PCA and OPLS-DA, to assess the dose-response relationships and identify potential biomarkers for neurotoxicity.
  • A total of 14 and 11 potential toxicity biomarkers were identified through different screening strategies, with overlap seen in specific acylcarnitines when considering dose-response relationships.
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In this work, electromembrane extraction (EME) was used for the first time to separate aconitine (AC), mesaconitine (Mes-AC) and hypaconitine (Hyp-AC) from biological samples and Chinese herbal medicines. Efficient EME of polar and high molecular weight aconitine alkaloids from different sample matrices was achieved with the solvent of 1-ethyl-2-nitrobenzene (ENB). Under the optimal EME conditions, EME provided recoveries for all targets in the range of 72%-74 %, 85%-103 % and 92%-94 % for whole blood, urine and aqueous samples.

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Objective: The management of length-unstable femoral shaft fractures(LUFSFs) in pediatric patients is still controversial. This study aims to explore the clinical efficacy of ultrasound-guided closed reduction combined with external fixation for treating LUFSFs in children.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical data from 19 pediatric patients with LUFSFs who underwent ultrasound-guided closed reduction and external fixation between January 2018 and January 2023.

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Lead (Pb) poisoning is estimated to account for 1 % of the global disease burden. The gold standard for diagnosing lead poisoning in human body relies on blood lead level (BLL), which is always performed in hospitals using expensive instruments. However, there are still many countries and regions with a lack of medical resources (without enough professional medical staff and analytical instruments).

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Epidemiological evidence indicates that exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is associated with certain metabolic diseases. However, the relationship between PAHs and serum lipid profiles in exposed subjects remain unknown. Herein, the associations of multiple (8) urinary hydroxylated PAHs (OH-PAHs) in workers of coking (n = 655) and non-ferrous smelting (n = 614) industries with serum lipid levels (marking lipid metabolism) were examined.

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Understanding and comparing the applicability of electromembrane extraction (EME) and liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) is crucial for selecting an appropriate microextraction approach. In this work, EME and LPME based on supported liquid membranes were compared using biological samples, including whole blood, urine, saliva, and liver tissue. After optimization, efficient EME and LPME of clozapine from four biological samples were achieved.

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Previous works have shown that hematological system can be affected by exposure to lead; however, the effects of multiple metals on platelets remain elusive within the population from metal-contaminated areas. Hence, the study enrolled 609 participants, with 396 from a metal-exposed area and 213 from a control area. Platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), thrombocytocrit (PCT), platelet to large cell ratio (P-LCR), and platelet distribution width (PDW) were selected to evaluate platelet function.

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Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) possess high specific cavities towards the template molecules, thus solid-phase extraction (SPE) based on MIPs using the target as the template has been widely used for selective extraction. However, the performance of SPE depends strongly on the shape and the distribution of the MIP sorbents, and rapid synthesis of MIPs with uniform particles remains a challenge. Our previous studies have shown that reflux precipitation polymerization (RPP) was a simple and rapid method for the synthesis of uniform MIPs.

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Treatment of radial neck fractures (RNFs) in children, particularly those with severe displacement or angulation, remains controversial, largely due to the challenge of achieving optimal reduction without resorting to open reduction. This study aimed to assess the outcomes of ultrasonography (US)-guided percutaneous leverage reduction coupled with US-guided fixation using either elastic stable intramedullary nail (ESIN) or Kirschner wire (KW) for severely displaced Judet type III and IV RNFs in children. We hypothesized that both strategies would be effective and aimed to identify the superior approach.

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Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have gained significant attention as artificial receptors due to their low cost, mild operating conditions, and excellent selectivity. To optimize the synthesis process and enhance the recognition performance, various support materials for molecular imprinting have been explored as a crucial research direction. Yeast, a biological material, offers advantages such as being green and environmentally friendly, low cost, and easy availability, making it a promising supporting substrate in the molecular imprinting process.

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Humans are widely and concurrently exposed to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). However, few studies have reported the internal co-exposure levels of these chemicals in occupational and general populations. Specifically, the associations revealed between the urinary levels of metabolites of VOCs (mVOCs), hydroxylated PAHs (OH-PAHs), and oxidative stress biomarkers for humans remain limited.

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Patients with tibial fractures are usually advised to follow a partial weight-bearing gait rehabilitation program after surgery to promote bone healing and lower limb functional recovery. Currently, the biofeedback devices used for gait rehabilitation training in fracture patients use ground reaction force (GRF) as the indicator of tibial load. However, an increasing body of research has shown that monitoring GRF alone cannot objectively reflect the load on the lower limb bones during human movement.

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The development of molecularly imprinted monolith (MIM) for pipette-tip solid-phase extraction (PT-SPE) for sample pretreatment is challenging . In this work, a wax-based molecularly imprinted monolith (WMIM) was successfully prepared with a hybrid method by integration of the traditional packing SPE column and MIM, including preparation of the salt column inside the pipette, polymerization of wax-based imprinted column (WIC) outside the pipette, and immobilization of WIC inside the pipette tip. To ensure the penetration of samples and solvents during the PT-SPE, micrometer-range interconnected macropores were tailor-made via the salt-template sacrifice method.

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Determination of amphetamine-type drugs (ATSs) in urine and wastewater is a simplified approach for the widespread monitoring of ATSs abuse. To improve the sensitivity of the analytical methods, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) based solid-phase extraction (SPE) pretreatment attracted great attention in this field. Generally, smaller particle sizes and more uniform morphology of the MIPs could provide higher detection sensitivity.

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Outbreaks of emerging viral respiratory infectious diseases (VRIDs) including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) seriously endanger people's health. However, the traditional nucleic acid detection required professionals and larger instruments and antigen-antibody detection suffered a long window period of target generation. To facilitate the VRIDs detection in time for common populations, a smartphone-controlled biosensor, which integrated sample preparation (electromembrane extraction), biomarker detection (red-green-blue model) and remote response technology (a built-in APP), was developed in this work.

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