Publications by authors named "Xian-hua Gao"

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a postoperative MRI-based fibrosis scoring system and to assess its correlation with anorectal function in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) cases administered neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT).

Methods: Pathologically confirmed LARC cases administered nCRT and radical resection were assessed retrospectively. Based on postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, anastomotic fibrosis score (AFS) and perirectal fibrosis score (PFS) were determined to evaluate the extent of fibrosis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: With the elimination of schistosomiasis in China, its role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) has decreased. However, the trends, clinicopathological features, surgical treatment patterns, and prognosis of schistosomiasis-associated CRC (SACRC) versus non-schistosomiasis-associated CRC (NSACRC) in China remain unclear.

Materials And Methods: The percentage trend of SACRC in CRC patients in China was analyzed using data retrieved from the Pathology Registry of Changhai Hospital (2001-2021).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 1A () is responsible for two individual Mendelian diseases: juvenile polyposis syndrome and hereditary mixed polyposis syndrome 2, which have overlapping phenotypes. This study aimed to elucidate whether these two syndromes are just two subtypes of a single syndrome rather than two isolated syndromes.

Methods: We sequenced the gene in 186 patients with polyposis and colorectal cancer, and evaluated the clinicopathological features and phenotypes of the probands and their available relatives with mutations.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

It was estimated that 70% of patients with colorectal cancer were found to have viable exfoliated malignant cells in adjacent intestinal lumen. Exfoliated malignant cells had been reported to implant on raw surfaces, such as polypectomy site, anal fissure, anal fistula, hemorrhoidectomy wound, and anastomotic suture line. Tumors at anastomosis could be classified into four groups: local recurrence, local manifestation of widespread metastasis, metachronous carcinogenesis, and implantation metastasis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: In recent decades, the incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) has reportedly increased in several developed countries, whereas that of late-onset colorectal cancer (LOCRC) has decreased continuously. The trends, clinicopathological features, surgical treatment patterns, and prognoses of EOCRC and LOCRC in China remain unclear.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective cohort study was performed in China using data from our pathology registry collected in 2000-2021.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: The incidence of early-onset rectal cancer (EORC) has been increasing since the past decade, while its underlying cause remained unknown. This study was aimed at clarifying the relationship between perirectal fat area (PFA) and EORC. .

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: To investigate the learning curve of conformal sphincter preservation operation (CSPO) in the treatment of ultralow rectal cancer and to further explore the influencing factors of operation time.

Methods: From August 2011 to April 2020, 108 consecutive patients with ultralow rectal cancer underwent CSPO by the same surgeon in the Department of Colorectal Surgery of Changhai Hospital. The moving average and cumulative sum control chart (CUSUM) curve were used to analyze the learning curve.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: In most guidelines, upper rectal cancers (URC) are not recommended to take neoadjuvant or adjuvant radiation. However, the definitions of URC vary greatly. Five definitions had been commonly used to define URC: 1) >10 cm from the anal verge by MRI; 2) >12 cm from the anal verge by MRI; 3) >10 cm from the anal verge by colonoscopy; 4) >12 cm from the anal verge by colonoscopy; 5) above the anterior peritoneal reflection (APR).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Altered expression profile of microRNAs (miRNAs) was reported to be associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). The aims of this study are to identify the changed miRNAs in the plasma of CRC patients and explore the underlying mechanism of these miRNAs during tumorigenesis.

Methods: Plasma miRNA expression profiles were compared between healthy people and CRC patients.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Whether adjuvant chemotherapy is beneficial for rectal cancer patients who respond well to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) and undergo radical resection is controversial. This study aimed to assess the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on the oncological outcomes of ypT0-2N0 rectal cancer patients after NCRT and radical resection, and identify the prognostic factors.

Methods: The clinical and pathological data of rectal cancer patients with ypT0-2N0 who underwent NCRT and radical resection between January, 2010 and June, 2018 were collected and retrospectively analyzed.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: The causes of chronic antibiotic refractory pouchitis (CARP) and pouch failure in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients remain unknown. Our previous small study showed peripouch fat area measured by MRI was associated with pouchitis.

Aims: To explore the relationship between peripouch fat area on CT imaging and pouch outcomes.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Juvenile polyposis syndrome (JPS) is a rare disorder characterized by the presence of multiple juvenile polyps in the gastrointestinal tract, and germline mutations in SMAD4 or BMPR1A. Due to its rarity and complex clinical manifestation, misdiagnosis often occurs in clinical practice.

Case Presentation: A 42-year-old man with multiple pedunculated colorectal polyps and concomitant rectal adenocarcinoma was admitted to our hospital.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important regulatory role in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. MiR-95-3p has been reported to be an oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the role of miR-95-3p in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) remains unclear.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of the growth and development of a wide range of cancer types such as colorectal cancer (CRC). A number of previously studies have observed that the levels of miR-365a-3p expression are dysregulated in many cancers, but the specific role of this miRNA in CRC and its association with patient prognosis remains unclear. : The expression of miR-365a-3p in CRC tissues and cell lines was detected by Real-time Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), while the relationship between miR-365a-3p expression and clinicopathological characteristics was further analyzed.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Next generation sequencing (NGS)-based multi-gene panel tests have been performed to predict the treatment response and prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Whether the multi-gene mutation results of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues are identical to those of fresh frozen tissues remains unknown. A 22-gene panel with 103 hotspots was used to detect mutations in paired fresh frozen tissue and FFPE tissue from 118 patients with CRC.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Pouch prolapse is a rare pouch complication which often leads to pouch failure in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Its exact cause remains unknown. Floppy pouch complex (FPC) was defined as the presence of any one of the following pouch disorders: pouch prolapse, afferent limb syndrome (ALS), redundant loop, and pouch folding.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Floppy pouch complex (FPC) consists of disease phenotypes in patients with ileal pouches, including pouch prolapse, afferent limb syndrome, enterocele, redundant loop, and pouch folding. Our recent study demonstrated that lower body weight, lower peripouch fat, family history of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), female gender, and dyschezia are risk factors for FPC patients with IBD. The aims of this study were to assess the relationship between pouch wall thickness and FPC, and to investigate the association between inflamed and non-inflamed pouch wall thickness.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis can be associated with a variety of complications, including floppy pouch complex (FPC). FPC is defined as the presence of pouch prolapse, afferent limb syndrome, enterocele, redundant loop, and folding pouch on pouchoscopy or contrasted pouchogram. The main symptoms of patients with FPC are dyschezia, incomplete evacuation, and bloating.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Simultaneous detection of multiple molecular biomarkers is helpful in the prediction of treatment response and prognosis for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.

Methods: A 22-gene panel consisting of 103 hotspot regions was utilized in the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples of 207 CRC patients, using the next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based multiplex PCR technique. Those 22 genes included AKT1, ALK, BRAF, CTNNB1, DDR2, EGFR, ERBB2, ERBB4, FBXW7, FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, KRAS, MAP2K1, MET, NOTCH1, NRAS, PIK3CA, PTEN, SMAD4, STK11, and TP53.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Peritoneal fibrosis is a major intractable complication of long-term peritoneal dialysis, and would eventually lead to peritoneal ultrafiltration failure and the termination of peritoneal dialysis. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1A) has been reported to regulate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and involves in peritoneal fibrosis, but the exact molecular regulation mechanism remains unknown.

Methods: HIF1A and VEGF protein levels were measured in 42 peritoneal patients using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Our recent study showed the efficacy and safety of vedolizumab in the treatment of chronic antibiotic-refractory pouchitis. However, there are no published studies on its efficacy and safety in Crohn's disease (CD) of the pouch. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of vedolizumab in those patients.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: Intestinal obstruction is a leading cause of patient mortality and the most common reason for emergent operation in colorectal surgery. The influence of inter-hospital transfer on patients' outcomes varies greatly in different diseases. We aimed to compare the surgical outcomes and medical costs between transferred and directly admitted patients diagnosed with intestinal obstruction in an American tertiary referral center.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: There are no published studies on the impact of peripouch fat on pouch outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients.

Methods: Patients with pelvic MRI-DIXON scans from our prospectively maintained Pouch Database between 2002 and 2016 were evaluated. Peripouch fat area was measured on MRI-DIXON-F images at the middle height level of the pouch (area M) and the highest level of the pouch (area H).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A total of 27 pouch patients with inflammatory bowel diseases, who underwent pelvic MRI-DIXON and CT scan within one year, were included. Peripouch fat areas were measured at the middle height level of pouch (AreaM) and the highest level of pouch (AreaH). Our results demonstrated that measurements of perianal fat thickness, AreaM and AreaH based on MRI image were accurate and reproducible (correlation efficiency(r): intraobserver: 0.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF