Chromosome-level genome assembly of with orange roots uncovers the role of Sm2OGD3 in catalyzing 15,16-dehydrogenation of tanshinones.

is well known for its clinical practice in treating heart and cardiovascular diseases. Its roots, used for traditional Chinese medicine materials, are usually brick-red due to accumulation of red pigments, such as tanshinone IIA and tanshinone I. Here we report a line (shh) with orange roots.

A Widely Metabolomic Analysis Revealed Metabolic Alterations of Leaves at Different Growth Stages.

folium is the major medicinally-used organ of species and its metabolic changes during the leaf growth have not been studied at the metabolomic level. is one of five recorded species in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China and widely grows in China. A UPLC-ESI-MS/MS-based targeted metabolomic analysis was implemented to explore the metabolite composition in leaves under the cultivation condition and further to investigate their temporal variations among four representative growth stages.

Comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals genes regulating the germination of morphophysiologically dormant Paris polyphylla seeds during a warm stratification.

We previously analyzed the expression of genes associated with Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis seed maturation and dormancy release; however, we were unable to clarify the relationship between gene expression levels and these processes. To reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying P.

Quality evaluation of Panax quinquefolium from different cultivation regions based on their ginsenoside content and radioprotective effects on irradiated mice.

Ginsenosides are one of major types of bioactive compounds in American ginseng (AG) and utilized to assess the quality of various AG samples. The contents of ginsenosides showed cultivation region-related variation, which is possibly associated with AG's pharmacological effect difference. Therefore, to reveal the quality difference of AGs in different cultivation regions, AG samples from seven cultivation regions were evaluated via analyzing their contents of nine ginsenosides and the biochemical parameters in AG-treated irradiated mice.

UPLC-Q/TOF-MS-Based Serum Metabolomics Reveals Hypoglycemic Effects of , and Their Combination on High-Fat-Diet-Induced Diabetes in KK-Ay Mice.

Diabetes is a worldwide severe health issue which causes various complications. This study aimed to evaluate the hypoglycemic effects of (RG), (CC) alone and their combination on high-fat-diet-induced diabetes in mice via biochemical assays and UPLC-Q/TOF-MS-based serum metabolomic analysis. Diabetic KK-Ay mice were induced by high-fat diet and treated for eight weeks, separately with RG, CC and their combination and the positive control drug metformin.

[Changes of transport sugar content in different organs of Rehmannia glutinosa].

Raffinose series oligosaccharides are the transport and storage sugars of many plants, Rehmannia glutinosa is one of the commonly used Chinese herbal medicines, medicinal parts ist he roots. Root and tuber of R. glutinosa contains stachyose, raffinose and other oligosaccharides, but the study about the process of growth and development of other organs in the non-structural changes in sugar content is rare.

Comparison of Serum Metabolite Changes of Radiated Mice Administered with from Different Cultivation Regions Using UPLC-Q/TOF-MS Based Metabolomic Approach.

Chemometric analysis of bioactive compounds revealed that American ginsengs (AGs) from different cultivation regions of China had a difference in quality, which indicates their possible pharmacological difference. A UPLC-Q/TOF-MS-based untargeted metabolomic approach was used to uncover serum metabolite changes in radiated mice pre-administered with AG root decoctions from seven cultivation regions and to further assess their quality difference. OPLS-DA revealed that 51 metabolites (ESI) and 110 (ESI⁺) were differentially expressed in sera between the control and the radiated model mice.

Simultaneous Determination of Catalpol, Aucubin, and Geniposidic Acid in Different Developmental Stages of Rehmannia glutinosa Leaves by High Performance Liquid Chromatography.

Although R. glutinosa roots are currently the only organ source in clinics, its leaves are a potential supplement for the roots especially in extraction of some important bioactive compounds. Our early work found that the contents of catalpol and total iridoid glycosides varied among different developmental stages of R.

Determination of Saponin Content in Hang Maidong and Chuan Maidong via HPLC-ELSD Analysis.

Zhejiang and Sichuan are regarded as two genuine producing areas of Ophiopogonis radix in China. To study the difference in the quality of Ophiopogonis radix from these two places, the contents of three reported bioactive saponins, that is, ophiopogonins B, D, and D', in tubers and fibrous roots of Ophiopogon japonicus from Cixi city of Zhejiang and Santai county of Sichuan were quantified using HPLC-ELSD method and compared. Ophiopogonin B and ophiopogonin D' content in tubers of HMD were higher than those in radix of CMD, whereas ophiopogonin D in HMD was about twice lower than that of CMD.

Identification and developmental expression profiling of putative alkaloid biosynthetic genes in Corydalis yanhusuo bulbs.

Alkaloids in bulbs of Corydalis (C.) yanhusuo are the major pharmacologically active compounds in treatment of blood vessel diseases, tumors and various pains. However, due to the absence of gene sequences in C.

The Effects of Weather Factors on Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease in Beijing.

The morbidity and mortality of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) are increasing in Beijing, China. Previous studies have indicated an association between incidents of HFMD and weather factors. However, the seasonal influence of these factors on the disease is not yet understood, and their relationship with the enterovirus 71 (EV71) and Coxsackie virus A16 (CV-A16) viruses are not well documented.

[Pharmacodynamic differences between hangmaidong and chuanmaidong based on metabonomics].

To evaluate the differences of Ophiopogonjaponicus from different cultivations, the metabolomics based method was conducted to compare the effects of Hangmaidong and Chuanmaidong (Chinese name) on plasma endogenous metabolites of normal rats. Data were collected by ultra performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS), and were analyzed by multivariate statistical method, such as Principal Component Analysis and Orthogonal Signal Correction Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis. Results revealed that the plasma metabolites profiling of low and middle dose group of Chuanmaidong were similar to the control group, but different from the high dose group obviously.

[Influence of plant growth regulater on yield and quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza].

The study is aimed to investigate the effect of plant growth regulators on yield and quality of the Salvia miltiorrhiza. The plant growth regulators was spraying on Salvia plants in July or August in field experiment, then the yield, ingredient content and the antioxidant activity were determined. The results showed that plant growth regulator 'Zhuanggenling' could increase the yield of Salvia with root-planting by 38.

[Study on distribution and dynamic accumulation of catalpol and total iridoid in fresh Rehmannia glutinosa].

Iridoid glycosides were the main active ingredient of Rehmannia glutinosa, of which catalpol has the highest content. This work will provide theoretical basis for metabolic study and cultivation of iridoids on the basis of the dynamic accumulation of catalpol and total iridoids in the growth of R. glutinosa.

Transcriptional data mining of Salvia miltiorrhiza in response to methyl jasmonate to examine the mechanism of bioactive compound biosynthesis and regulation.

Salvia miltiorrhiza is a Chinese herb with significant pharmacologic effects because of the bioactive compounds of tanshinones and phenolic acids. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) has been used as an effective elicitor to enhance the production of these compounds. However, the molecular mechanism of MeJA-mediated tanshinone and salvianolic acid biosynthesis remains unclear.

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of the medicinal plant Salvia miltiorrhiza.

Salvia miltiorrhiza is an important medicinal plant with great economic and medicinal value. The complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequence of Salvia miltiorrhiza, the first sequenced member of the Lamiaceae family, is reported here. The genome is 151,328 bp in length and exhibits a typical quadripartite structure of the large (LSC, 82,695 bp) and small (SSC, 17,555 bp) single-copy regions, separated by a pair of inverted repeats (IRs, 25,539 bp).

[Growth and development of fruit and seed of Panax quinquefolium].

Objective: To understand the embryo after-ripening phenomenon of Panax quinquefolium, the growth and development process of fruit and seed was investigated in this study.

Method: The growth and development characteristics of fruit and seed were obtained by field observation, the morphological changes were measured with a vernier caliper, paraffin section was used as well.

Result And Conclusion: The plant reached the most flowering numbers in 5-8 d after initial blooming time and the lag phase of embryo occurred in about 70 d.

[Effects of seedling quality on growth of Rehmannia glutinosa and oligosaccharide content].

Objective: To study the effect of seedling quality on growth, yield and quality of Rehmannia glutinosa at harvest and build a basis for its GAP.

Method: The seedling quality of R. glutinosa in main producing regions was surveyed to understand the current status of seedling quality.

Genome-wide identification and characterization of novel genes involved in terpenoid biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza.

Terpenoids are the largest class of plant secondary metabolites and have attracted widespread interest. Salvia miltiorrhiza, belonging to the largest and most widely distributed genus in the mint family, is a model medicinal plant with great economic and medicinal value. Diterpenoid tanshinones are the major lipophilic bioactive components in S.

[Study on seed quality of Achyranthes bidentata].

Objective: To study the seed quality of Achyranthes bidentata from different sources and establish a standard of seed quality grading.

Method: Seed weight and moisture content determination, germination test, purity analysis were carried out by 100 grains method, high-temperature drying, double deck filter paper and GB/T354. 3-Seed Testing for Crops methods respectively.

[The quality of Salvia miltforthiza from Beijing suburbs with different growing modes].

Objective: Study the yield and quality of Salvia miltforthiza in the poplars and apple trees intercropping system.

Methods: Assay the yield, heavy metals, organochlorine pesticides and active components of Salvia miltforthiza in different intercropping systems are different.

Results: The contents of Cd exceeds the allowed figure seriously though other heavy metals such as Pb, As, Hg, Cu fell in the standard range.

[Identification and analysis of genuine and false Flos Rosae Rugosae by FTIR and 2D correlation IR spectroscopy].

The genuine and false Flos Rosae Rugosae (Flos Rosae Chinensis and Flos Rosa multiflora) were examined in terms of their differences by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) combined with two-dimensional (2D) correlation IR spectroscopy. The three species were shown very similar in FTIR spectra. The peak of 1318 cm(-1) of genuine Flos Rosae Rugosae is not obvious but this peak could be found sharp in Flos Rosae Chinensis and Flos Rosa multiflora.

[Analysis of genetic diversity of wild Rehmannia glutinosa by using RAPD and ISSR markers].

Objective: To analyze the genetic diversity of wild Rehmannia glutinosa and evaluate and compare random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter sample sequence repeat (ISSR) for analysis of R. glutinosa accessions.

Method: Two molecular markers, RAPD and ISSR were used for analyzing 55 wild R.

[Comparative analysis of character on germplasm resources of Rehmannia glutinosa].

Objective: To compare difference in character between wild germplasm and cultivar of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch.

Method: Field test and statistical analysis were applied.

Result: The results showed that the plant height and leave weight of individual plant in cultivar were decreased significantly comparing to wild germplasm, and the output was increased significantly.