Massive pulmonary haemorrhage due to severe trauma treated with repeated alveolar lavage combined with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A case report.

Background: Massive pulmonary haemorrhage can spoil the entire lung and block the airway in a short period of time due to severe bleeding, which quickly leads to death. Alveolar lavage is an effective method for haemostasis and airway maintenance. However, patients often cannot tolerate alveolar lavage due to severe hypoxia.

Association between HLA-DR Expression and Multidrug-resistant Infection in Patients with Severe Acute Pancreatitis.

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infection is a common complication of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). This study aimed to explore the association between human leukocyte antigen-antigen D-related (HLA-DR) expression and multidrug-resistant infection in patients with SAP. A total of 24 SAP patients who were admitted to Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital between May 2015 and December 2016 were enrolled in the study.

Antitumor activity of pluripotent cell-engineered vaccines and their potential to treat lung cancer in relation to different levels of irradiation.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are critical for tumor initiation/maintenance and recurrence or metastasis, so they may serve as a potential therapeutic target. However, CSC-established multitherapy resistance and immune tolerance render tumors resistant to current tumor-targeted strategies. To address this, renewable multiepitope-integrated spheroids based on placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (pMSCs) were X-ray-modified, at four different irradiation levels, including 80, 160, 240, and 320 Gy, as pluripotent biologics, to inoculate hosts bearing Lewis lung carcinoma (LL2) and compared with X-ray-modified common LL2 cells as control.

Minimal invasive trans-eyelid approach to anterior and middle skull base meningioma: a preliminary study of Shanghai Huashan hospital.

Transpalpebral or trans-eyelid approach is a modified trans-orbital access to lesions of anterior cranial fossa and sellar region. But whether this approach is also suitable for tumors extending laterally to the temporal lobe or middle cranial fossa is not clarified. We would like to share our experiences from the cadaveric anatomy study to clinical operations.

VEGF-D-induced draining lymphatic enlargement and tumor lymphangiogenesis promote lymph node metastasis in a xenograft model of ovarian carcinoma.

Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-D has been shown to promote lymph node metastasis in several cancers. Although generally overexpressed in ovarian carcinoma, its role in nodal dissemination of this cancer is unclear. To clarify the role of VEGF-D and the underlying molecular mechanisms, we investigated the function of VEGF-D using a mouse xenograft model of ovarian cancer.

Gene therapy with beta-defensin 2 induces antitumor immunity and enhances local antitumor effects.

Beta-defensins, small antimicrobial peptides, are involved in host immune responses to tumors. In this study, we used beta-defensin 2 (BD2) to explore the possible role of beta-defensins in cancer gene therapy. A recombinant plasmid expressing a secretable form of BD2 was constructed.

Lymphoplasmacyte-rich meningioma: our experience with 19 cases and a systematic literature review.

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, prognosis, pathology, and differential diagnosis of LPM by analyzing our experience and reviewed relevant literature. We also postulated the necessity of postoperative adjuvant therapy.

Methods: 19 patients with LPM underwent surgical treatment from 2007 through 2010 in our department.

Papillary meningioma: clinical and histopathological observations.

Papillary meningioma is a rare subtype of malignant meningiomas, which is classified by the World Health Organization as Grade III. Because of lack of large sample size case studies, many of the specific characteristics of papillary meningioma are unclear. This study investigated by retrospective analysis the clinical, radiological and histopathological findings of 17 papillary meningioma patients who underwent surgical resection or biopsy, to assess the characteristics of papillary meningioma.

Histopathological classification and location of consecutively operated meningiomas at a single institution in China from 2001 to 2010.

Background: Meningioma is one of the most common primary tumors of the central nervous system, but there are not many detailed studies on the sex, age, subtypes and locations of large series. This study was a retrospective analysis of the characteristics of meningioma cases consecutively operated on at a single institution in China from 2001 to 2010.

Methods: This study investigated the demographic background of 7084 meningioma cases, and the subtypes and locations of the tumors.

Secretory meningiomas: clinical, radiological and pathological findings in 70 consecutive cases at one institution.

Secretory meningioma (SM) is a rare, benign subtype of meningioma. Between January 2005 and December 2010, 70 SMs were operated on at the Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data, radiological and immunohistochemical findings, and patient outcome to discuss the specific features of SMs.

Gene therapy using the human telomerase catalytic subunit gene promoter enables targeting of the therapeutic effects of vesicular stomatitis virus matrix protein against human lung adenocarcinoma.

The catalytic subunit of telomerase, human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), is highly active in immortalized cells and more than 90% of human cancer cells, but is quiescent in the majority of normal somatic cells. Thus, the hTERT promoter has been extensively used in targeted cancer gene therapy. Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) matrix protein (MP) induces the apoptosis of tumor cells in the absence of other viral components.

Increased expression of osteopontin in brain arteriovenous malformations.

Background: The precise mechanisms responsible for the development and growth of intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) remain unclear. Osteopontin (OPN) is a phosphorylated glycoprotein with diverse functions. This study aimed to analyze the expression of OPN in human brain AVMs.

Preoperative surgical planning for intracranial meningioma resection by virtual reality.

Background: The Dextroscope system by Volume Interactions (Singapore) had been applied to minimally invasive neurosurgery in many units. This system enables the neurosurgeon to interact intuitively with the three-dimensional graphics in a direct manner resembling the way one communicates with the real objects. In the paper, we explored its values in pre-operation surgical planning for intracranial meningiomas resection.

A systemic administration of liposomal curcumin inhibits radiation pneumonitis and sensitizes lung carcinoma to radiation.

Radiation pneumonitis (RP) is an important dose-limiting toxicity during thoracic radiotherapy. Previous investigations have shown that curcumin is used for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and cancer, suggesting that curcumin may prevent RP and sensitize cancer cells to irradiation. However, the clinical advancement of curcumin is limited by its poor water solubility and low bioavailability after oral administration.

Individual patient data subgroup meta-analysis of surgery for spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage.

Background And Purpose: By 2010 there had been 14 published trials of surgery for intracerebral hemorrhage reported in systematic reviews or to the authors, but the role and timing of operative intervention remain controversial and the practice continues to be haphazard. This study attempted to obtain individual patient data from each of the 13 studies published since 1985 to better define groups of patients that might benefit from surgery.

Methods: Authors of identified published articles were approached by mail, e-mail, and at conferences and invited to take part in the study.

Diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced intraoperative Doppler sonography for cerebral arteriovenous malformations compared with angiography.

Background: Intraoperative Doppler sonography has been used in the neurosurgical operating room for the localization and description of cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). This study aimed to investigate the clinical value of contrast-enhanced intraoperative Doppler sonography, including its ability to assess the location and identify of feeding arteries in patients with AVMs and to compare this method with angiography.

Methods: Twenty-three patients with cerebral AVMs who were diagnosed using angiography, were examined with contrast-enhanced intraoperative Doppler sonography.

Anti-tumor activity of N-trimethyl chitosan-encapsulated camptothecin in a mouse melanoma model.

Background: Camptothecin (CPT) has recently attracted increasing attention as a promising anticancer agent for a variety of tumors. But the clinical application is largely hampered by its extreme water insolubility and unpredictable side effect. It is essential to establish an efficient and safe protocol for the administration of CPT versus melanoma.

A novel transdermal plasmid-dimethylsulfoxide delivery technique for treatment of psoriasis.

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory skin disease associated with various immunologic abnormalities. Repeated subcutaneous injection of interleukin-4 (IL-4) has been established as an effective treatment to counteract psoriasis.

Objective: We investigated whether gene therapy using IL-4 expression plasmid (pIL-4) via transdermal delivery was an alternative treatment for psoriasis.

Antitumor effect of mSurvivinThr34→Ala in murine colon carcinoma when administered intravenously.

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers. Survivin is strongly immunogenic in a fraction of colorectal cancer patients. The present study was designed to determine whether full-length mouse Survivin dominant-negative mutant SurvivinT34A has the antitumor activity in a murine colon carcinoma model.

Intratumoral expression of mature human neutrophil peptide-1 mediates antitumor immunity in mice.

Purpose: Human neutrophil peptides (HNP1-3), small molecular antimicrobial peptides, are expressed within tumors and associated with tumor necrosis and inhibition of angiogenesis. Recent investigations have suggested that HNP1-3 are likely to be involved in the host immune responses to tumors.

Experimental Design: We used recombinant pSec-HNP1, which expresses a secretable form of HNP1, to obtain expression of HNP1 in the tumor milieu in immunocompetent mice to explore the possible roles of HNP1 in tumor immunity.

Targeting CD24 for treatment of ovarian cancer by short hairpin RNA.

Background Aims: CD24 is markedly overexpressed in ovarian cancer and plays a critical role in ovarian cancer survival and metastasis, rendering it an interesting target for anti-tumor therapy. Using short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting CD24, we aimed to investigate the anti-tumor efficacy of CD24 knockdown in ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: CD24 shRNA vector (CD24-shRNA) and empty plasmid vector (EP) were transfected into ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells and the knockdown efficacy assessed by Western blot analysis.

[Researches on cloning and expression of the gene encoding Schistosoma japonicum tetraspanins extracellular loop 2 and its immunogenicity].

Objective: To clone and express the gene (Sj-tsp-2) encoding extracellular loop 2 (EC-2) of tetraspanins (TSPs) of Schistosoma japonicum (Chinese strain), and then to study the antigenicity and immunogenicity of this protein.

Methods: Synthesized Sj-tsp-2 gene was cloned into prokaryotic expression vector pET32a to generate pET32a-Sj-tsp-2 recombinant plasmid, and transformed into competent E. coli BL21 (DE3).

Liposomal honokiol inhibits VEGF-D-induced lymphangiogenesis and metastasis in xenograft tumor model.

Lymph nodes metastasis of tumor could be a crucial early step in the metastatic process. Induction of tumor lymphangiogenesis by vascular endothelial growth factor-D may play an important role in promoting tumor metastasis to regional lymph nodes and these processes can be inhibited by inactivation of the VEGFR-3 signaling pathway. Honokiol has been reported to possess potent antiangiogenesis and antitumor properties in several cell lines and xenograft tumor models.

Humoral immunity responses against EGFR-positive tumor cells induced by xenogeneic EGFR expressed in the yeast Pichia pastoris.

The breaking of immune tolerance against self epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) should be a promising approach for the treatment of those receptor-positive tumors. We have previously shown that human EGFR as a xenoantigen induced a specific antitumor activity against EGFR-positive mouse tumors. Our further studies demonstrated that a recombinant form of extracellular domain of mouse EGFR provoked active cellular immunity responses against EGFR-positive human tumors.