Vitamin D 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D reduces lipid accumulation in hepatocytes by inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is a significant liver condition associated with metabolic syndrome, is the leading cause of liver diseases globally and its prevalence is on the rise in most nations. The protective impact of vitamin D on NAFLD and its specific mechanism remains unclear.

Aim: To examine the role of vitamin D in NAFLD and how vitamin D affects the polarization of hepatic macrophages in NAFLD through the vitamin D receptor (VDR)-peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)γ pathway.

Multi-omics insights into the function and evolution of sodium benzoate biodegradation pathway in Benzoatithermus flavus gen. nov., sp. nov. from hot spring.

Biodegradation stands as an eco-friendly and effective approach for organic contaminant remediation. However, research on microorganisms degrading sodium benzoate contaminants in extreme environments remains limited. In this study, we report to display the isolation of a novel hot spring enriched cultures with sodium benzoate (400 mg/L) as the sole carbon source.

Water masses influence the variation of microbial communities in the Yangtze River Estuary and its adjacent waters.

The Yangtze River estuary (YRE) are strongly influenced by the Kuroshio and terrigenous input from rivers, leading to the formation of distinct water masses, however, there remains a limited understanding of the full extent of this influence. Here the variation of water masses and bacterial communities of 58 seawater samples from the YRE and its adjacent waters were investigated. Our findings suggested that there were 5 water masses in the studied area: Black stream (BS), coastal water in the East China Sea (CW), nearshore mixed water (NM), mixed water in the middle and deep layers of the East China Sea (MM), and deep water blocks in the middle of the East China Sea (DM).

sp. nov., a bacterium isolated from hot spring microbial mat.

A Gram-stain-negative, non-endospore-forming, motile, short rod-shaped strain, designated SYSU G07232, was isolated from a hot spring microbial mat, sampled from Rehai National Park, Tengchong, Yunnan Province, south-western China. Strain SYSU G07232 grew at 25-50 °C (optimum, 37 °C), at pH 5.5-9.

Distinct Assembly Processes Structure Planktonic Bacterial Communities Among Near- and Offshore Ecosystems in the Yangtze River Estuary.

The estuarine system functions as natural filters due to its ability to facilitate material transformation, planktonic bacteria play a crucial role in the cycling of complex nutrients and pollutants within estuaries, and understanding the community composition and assembly therein is crucial for comprehending bacterial ecology within estuaries. Despite extensive investigations into the composition and community assembly of two bacterial fractions (free-living, FLB; particle-attached, PAB), the process by which bacterioplankton communities in these two habitats assemble in the nearshore and offshore zones of estuarine ecosystems remains poorly understood. In this study, we conducted sampling in the Yangtze River Estuary (YRE) to investigate potential variations in the composition and community assembly of FLB and PAB in nearshore and offshore regions.

Characterization of a thermophilic and glucose-tolerant GH1 β-glucosidase from hot springs and its prospective application in corn stover degradation.

Introduction: β-Glucosidase serves as the pivotal rate-limiting enzyme in the cellulose degradation process, facilitating the hydrolysis of cellobiose and cellooligosaccharides into glucose. However, the widespread application of numerous β-glucosidases is hindered by their limited thermostability and low glucose tolerance, particularly in elevated-temperature and high-glucose environments.

Methods: This study presents an analysis of a β-glucosidase gene belonging to the GH1 family, denoted , which was isolated from the metagenomic repository of Hehua hot spring located in Tengchong, China.

Mouse nerve growth factor suppresses neuronal apoptosis in valproic acid-induced autism spectrum disorder rats by regulating the phosphoinositide-3-kinase/serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by deficits in social communication and restrictive behaviors. Mouse nerve growth factor (mNGF), a neurotrophic factor, is critical for neuronal growth and survival, and the mNGF treatment is considered a promising therapy for neurodegeneration. In light of this, we aimed to evaluate the effect of mNGF on neurological function in ASD.

Thermophilic Dehalococcoidia with unusual traits shed light on an unexpected past.

Although the phylum Chloroflexota is ubiquitous, its biology and evolution are poorly understood due to limited cultivability. Here, we isolated two motile, thermophilic bacteria from hot spring sediments belonging to the genus Tepidiforma and class Dehalococcoidia within the phylum Chloroflexota. A combination of cryo-electron tomography, exometabolomics, and cultivation experiments using stable isotopes of carbon revealed three unusual traits: flagellar motility, a peptidoglycan-containing cell envelope, and heterotrophic activity on aromatics and plant-associated compounds.

Description of five novel thermophilic species of the genus Thermus: Thermus hydrothermalis sp. nov., Thermus neutrinimicus sp. nov., Thermus thalpophilus sp. nov., Thermus albus sp. nov., and Thermus altitudinis sp. nov., isolated from hot spring sediments.

Biological denitrification is a significant process in nitrogen biogeochemical cycle of terrestrial geothermal environments, and Thermus species have been shown to be crucial heterotrophic denitrifier in hydrothermal system. Five Gram-stain negative, aerobic and rod-shaped thermophilic bacterial strains were isolated from hot spring sediments in Tibet, China. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene and whole genome sequences indicated that these isolates should be assigned to the genus Thermus and were most closely related to Thermus caldifontis YIM 73026, and Thermus brockianus YS38.

sp. nov. and sp. nov., two novel members of the phylum isolated from hot spring sediments.

Two novel species, designated strains SYSU G04041 and SYSU G04536, were isolated from hot spring sediments collected in Yunnan, PR China. Phenotypic and chemotaxonomic analyses, and whole-genome sequencing were used to determine the taxonomic positions of the candidate strains. Phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain SYSU G04041 showed the highest sequence similarity to A50-7-3 (97.

Rhodoflexus caldus gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the phylum Bacteroidota isolated from a hot spring sediment.

A thermophilic bacterium, designated strain SYSU G04325, was isolated from a hot spring sediment in Yunnan, China. Polyphasic taxonomic analyses and whole-genome sequencing were used to determine the taxonomic position of the strain. Phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain SYSU G04325 shows high sequence similarity to Thermoflexibacter ruber NBRC 16677 (86.

sp. nov., a moderately thermophilic bacterium isolated from a hot spring microbial mat.

Three closely related, facultative anaerobic, Gram-stain-negative, twitching motile, short rod-shaped, non-endospore-forming, moderately thermophilic bacteria, designated strains SYSU G05001, SYSU G05003 and SYSU G05004, were isolated from a hot spring microbial mat, collected from Rehai National Park, Tengchong, Yunnan Province, south-western China. The results of phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that these three strains were closely related to SE-1 (97.97, 98.

Diversity and Distribution of Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Bacteria in Hot Springs of Conghua, China.

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is an important process of the nitrogen cycle, and the anammox bacteria have been studied in a wide variety of environments. However, the distribution, diversity, and abundance of anammox bacteria in hot springs remain enigmatic. In this study, the anammox process was firstly investigated in hot springs of Conghua, China.

Thermaurantiacus tibetensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel moderately thermophilic bacterium isolated from hot spring microbial mat in Tibet.

Two bacterial strains SYSU G02173 and SYSU G03142 were isolated from hot springs in Tibet, China. Based on the results of nearly full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences and phylogenetic analyses, strains SYSU G02173 and SYSU G03142 were assigned to the family Sphingosinicellaceae, and were closest to Sandaracinobacter sibiricus RB16-17 (96.04% and 96.

From ecophysiology to cultivation methodology: filling the knowledge gap between uncultured and cultured microbes.

Earth is dominated by a myriad of microbial communities, but the majority fails to grow under in situ laboratory conditions. The basic cause of unculturability is that bacteria dominantly occur as biofilms in natural environments. Earlier improvements in the culture techniques are mostly done by optimizing media components.

Network-directed efficient isolation of previously uncultivated Chloroflexi and related bacteria in hot spring microbial mats.

The perplexity of the complex multispecies community interactions is one of the many reasons why majority of the microorganisms are still uncultivated. We analyzed the entire co-occurrence networks between the OTUs of Tibet and Yunnan hot spring samples, and found that less abundant OTUs such as genus Tepidimonas (relative abundant <1%) had high-degree centricity (key nodes), while dominant OTUs particularly genus Chloroflexus (relative abundant, 13.9%) formed the peripheral vertexes.

gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel bacterium isolated from a hot spring, and proposal of fam. nov.

A novel thermotolerant bacterial strain was isolated from a hot spring in a Tibetan geothermal field. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the novel strain showed that it belongs to a distinct lineage far from any known taxa. The new isolate shared the highest pairwise sequence identity with S-12 (92.

sp. nov., a novel actinobacterium isolated from a hot spring.

A Gram-staining-positive, aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming and coccoid-shaped actinobacterial strain, designated YIM 730233, was isolated from a sediment sample, collected from a hot spring in Tibet, China. Colonies were brownish, circular, smooth and convex. Strain YIM 730233 was able to grow in the temperature range of 20-50 °C, pH 6.

A novel thermal Cas12b from a hot spring bacterium with high target mismatch tolerance and robust DNA cleavage efficiency.

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated proteins (Cas), such as Cas9 and Cpf1, are RNA-guided endonucleases that target and degrade nucleic acids, providing powerful genomic editing and molecular diagnostic tools. Cas12b enzymes are distinct effectors; however, their features and catalytic boundaries require further characterization. We identified BrCas12b from the thermophile bacterium Brevibacillus sp.