Visualizing Preosteoarthritis: Updates on UTE-Based Compositional MRI and Deep Learning Algorithms.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is heterogeneous and involves structural changes in the whole joint, such as cartilage, meniscus/labrum, ligaments, and tendons, mainly with short T2 relaxation times. Detecting OA before the onset of irreversible changes is crucial for early proactive management and limit growing disease burden. The more recent advanced quantitative imaging techniques and deep learning (DL) algorithms in musculoskeletal imaging have shown great potential for visualizing "pre-OA.

Successful treatment of epidermal growth factor receptor exon 19 deletion non-small cell lung cancer with almonertinib after osimertinib-induced interstitial lung disease: A case report.

Osimertinib, a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), has revolutionized one of the standard most efficient treatments for EGFR mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Osimertinib, a third-generation EGFR-TKI, is currently one of most efficient treatments in clinical practice. However, it has a potentially fatal side effect: interstitial lung disease (ILD).

Effect of cryoablation on the spatial transcriptomic landscape of the immune microenvironment in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Cryoablation induces antitumor immune responses. Spatial transcriptomic landscape technology has been used to determine the micron-level panoramic transcriptomics of tissue slices in situ.

Methods: The effects of cryoablation on the immune microenvironment in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were explored by comparing the Whole Transcriptome Atlas (WTA) panel of immune cells before and after cryoablation using the spatial transcriptomic landscape.

Factors retarding enhanced recovery from thermal ablation of liver tumors: A single-center prospective study.

Purpose: To evaluate the risk factors that may delay enhanced recovery in the ablation of liver tumors.

Methods: A total of 310 patients who underwent ultrasound-guided ablation of liver tumors under general anesthesia were prospectively enrolled. Baseline data, intraoperative parameters, and postoperative events were evaluated.

Comparison between lymph and non-lymph node resection in patients with stage IA non-small-cell lung cancer: A retrospective study.

Objective: This retrospective study aimed to determine the need for lymph node resection during surgical treatment in patients with stage IA non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Materials And Methods: A total of 1428 patients diagnosed with cT1N0M0 1 A stage NSCLC who underwent surgery were divided into two groups: lymphadenectomy (n = 1324) and nonlymphadenectomy (n = 104). The effects of lymph node resection on overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) and on clinicopathological factors that affected the prognosis of the patients were investigated.

Characteristics and prognosis of testicular mixed teratoma and seminoma.

Background: To evaluate the association of demographic and clinicopathological characteristics with the survival of patients with testicular mixed teratoma and seminoma (TMTS).

Methods: The data of 3296 eligible patients with TMTS who underwent surgery between 2010 and 2015 were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were determined using the Kaplan-Meier survival curves.

The ability of contrast-enhanced ultrasound with Sonazoid to differentiate endometrial carcinoma from benign endometrial lesions: A preliminary, prospective, and multicenter clinical study.

Objective: To examine the diagnostic efficacy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) with Sonazoid (Sonazoid-CEUS) for endometrial lesions.

Methods: In this prospective and multicenter study, data were collected from 84 patients with endometrial lesions from 11 hospitals in China. All the patients received a conventional US and Sonazoid-CEUS examination.

Triptolide exhibits dual anti-tumor effects through inhibiting autophagy and extracellular matrix activation in pancreatic cancer.

Aim: The tumor microenvironment in pancreatic cancer, characterized by abundant desmoplastic stroma, has been implicated in the failure of chemotherapy. Therefore, developing therapeutic strategies targeting tumor and stromal cells is essential. Triptolide, a natural compound derived from the plant Tripterygium wilfordii, has shown antitumor activity in various cancers, including pancreatic cancer.

Elevated CA19-9 within the normal range suggests poorer prognosis in stage II CRC: A retrospective analysis of a large sample in a single center.

Objective: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) serve as pivotal tumor markers in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, uncertainty persists regarding the prognostic significance of the two tumor markers when falling within the normal range. We attempt to compare the prognostic differences of tumor markers at different levels within the reference range.

Dihydroartemisinin ameliorates skeletal muscle atrophy in the lung cancer cachexia mouse model.

Introduction: Cancer cachexia (CC) is characterized by weight loss with specifically reduced skeletal muscles and adipose tissues in patients with late-stage cancer. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), an effective antimalarial derivative of artemisinin, has been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory and antitumor properties.

Materials And Methods: This study examined the effects of DHA on the Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC)-induced CC mouse model.

Recent research progress on microRNAs from mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes for tumor therapy: A review.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a class of protocells that can differentiate into various cell types and have robust replication and renewal capabilities. MSCs secrete various nutritional factors to regulate the microenvironment of tumor tissues. The mechanism by which they inhibit or promote tumor growth may be closely related to MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo).

The role of fecal microbiota transplantation in the treatment of acute graft-versus-host disease.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is one of the most important methods for treating a wide range of hematologic malignancies and bone marrow failure diseases. However, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a major complication associated with this method, can seriously affect the survival and quality of life of patients. Acute GVHD (aGVHD) occurs within 100 days after transplantation, and gastrointestinal aGVHD (GI-aGVHD) is one of the leading causes of nonrecurrent death after allo-HSCT.

Research progress on the structural and anti-colorectal malignant tumor properties of Shikonin.

Colorectal cancer is the third most prevalent malignant tumor worldwide. Despite the advancements in surgical procedures and treatment options, CRC remains a considerable cause of cancer-related mortality. Shikonin is a naphthoquinone compound that exhibits multiple biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects as well as wound healing promotion.

Estimating Visual Acuity With Spectacle Correction From Fundus Photos Using Artificial Intelligence.

Importance: Determining spectacle-corrected visual acuity (VA) is essential when managing many ophthalmic diseases. If artificial intelligence (AI) evaluations of macular images estimated this VA from a fundus image, AI might provide spectacle-corrected VA without technician costs, reduce visit time, or facilitate home monitoring of VA from fundus images obtained outside of the clinic.

Objective: To estimate spectacle-corrected VA measured on a standard eye chart among patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) in clinical practice settings using previously validated AI algorithms evaluating best-corrected VA from fundus photographs in eyes with DME.

Microbial-induced Synthesis of nano NiFe LDH for High-efficiency Oxygen Evolution.

NiFe layered double hydroxide (LDH) currently are the most efficient catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline environments. However, the development of high-performance low cost OER electrocatalysts using straightforward strategies remains a significant challenge. In this study, we describe an innovative microbial mineralization-based method for in situ-induced preparation of NiFe LDH nanosheets loaded on nickel foam and demonstrate that this material serves as an efficient oxygen evolution electrocatalyst.

Assembly of 3-(Tetrazol-5-yl)triazole Complexes with Ammonium Perchlorate for High-Performance Energetic Composites.

Advanced energetic composites possess promising properties and wide-ranging applications in explosives and propellants. Nonetheless, most metal-based energetic composites present significant challenges due to surface oxidation and low-pressure output. This study introduces a facile method to develop energetic composites Cutztr@AP through the intermolecular assembly of nitrogen-rich energetic coordination polymers and high-energy oxidant ammonium perchlorate (AP).

Therapeutic Potential of Carbon Dots Derived from Phytochemicals as Nanozymes Exhibiting Superoxide Dismutase Activity for Anemia.

Anemia is a potentially life-threatening blood disorder caused by an insufficient erythroblast volume in the circulatory system. Self-renewal failure of erythroblast progenitors is one of the key pathological factors leading to erythroblast deficiency. However, there are currently no effective drugs that selectively target this process.

Repurposing Licensed Drugs with Activity Against Epstein-Barr Virus for Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Approach.

Background: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is implicated as a necessary factor in the development of multiple sclerosis (MS) and may also be a driver of disease activity. Although it is not clear whether ongoing viral replication is the driver for MS pathology, MS researchers have considered the prospect of using drugs with potential efficacy against EBV in the treatment of MS. We have undertaken scientific and lived experience expert panel reviews to shortlist existing licensed therapies that could be used in later-stage clinical trials in MS.

Proteomic patterns associated with ketamine response in major depressive disorders.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by persistent feelings of sadness and loss of interest. Ketamine has been widely used to treat MDD owing to its rapid effect in relieving depressive symptoms. Importantly, not all patients respond to ketamine treatment.

N-Doped Carbon Nanodots as Temperature Sensors and Fluorescent Probes for the Detection of Tinidazole in Milk.

In this study, nitrogen-doped carbon nanodots (N-CDs) with temperature and fluorescence sensing were prepared via hydrothermal method using L-lysine and ethylenediamine as precursors. The synthesized N-CDs exhibited spherical morphology with sizes ranging from 2.8 to 5.

Ecofriendly and biocompatible biochars derived from waste-branches for direct and efficient solid-phase extraction of benzodiazepines in crude urine sample prior to LC-MS/MS.

Biochars (BCs) derived from waste-branches of apple tree, grape tree, and oak were developed for direct solid-phase extraction (SPE) of five benzodiazepines (BZDs) in crude urine samples prior to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) determination. Scanning electron microscopy, elemental analyzer, X-ray diffractometry, N adsorption/desorption experiments, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry characterizations revealed the existence of their mesoporous structure and numerous oxygen-containing functional groups. The obtained BCs not only possessed high affinity towards BZDs via π-π and hydrogen bond interactions, but also afforded the great biocompatibility of excluding interfering components from undiluted urine samples when using SPE adsorbents.

Ultra-Sensitive Gaseous Styrene and Isoprene Detection with a Ratiometric Fluorescence Probe of Eu(III)-Incorporated UiO-67.

The development of probes for the efficient detection of volatile organic compounds is crucial for both human health protection and environmental monitoring. In this study, we successfully synthesized a ratiometric fluorescent sensing material [Eu-UiO-67 (1:1)], featuring dual-emission fluorescence peaks via a one-pot method. This material demonstrated exceptional ratiometric fluorescence recognition properties for liquid styrene and isoprene, achieving low limit of detections (LODs) of 6.

IL-22-mediated microRNA-124-3p/GRB2 axis regulates hyperproliferation and inflammatory response of keratinocytes in psoriasis.

Psoriasis is an inflammatory dermatosis that features overproliferation and inflammatory reaction of keratinocytes. A study reported that IL-22 is involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis by mediating miR-124 to regulate the expression of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 in keratinocytes. A microRNA may target multiple target genes.

Tuning Isomerism Effect in Organic Bulk Additives Enables Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells.

Organic additives with multiple functional groups have shown great promise in improving the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells. The functional groups can passivate undercoordinated ions to reduce nonradiative recombination losses. However, how these groups synergistically affect the enhancement beyond passivation is still unclear.