Bronchoscopic treatment of multiple bronchial myelolipomas: a case report and literature review.

Background: Extra-adrenal myelolipoma is an unusual entity, and endobronchial myelolipoma is rarer, which is often ignored by clinicians, delaying the disease and affecting the prognosis.

Case Presentation: A 71-year-old man with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus, with recurrent fever, cough, and expectoration for more than 2 weeks experienced relief in cough, phlegm reduction, and glycemic control with anti-inflammatory treatment. Further examination revealed that new growths obstructing all lobar bronchi impaired flexible bronchoscope entry.

Exploring the Clinical Utility of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Infection.

Introduction: We aimed to explore the real-world clinical application value and challenges of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for pulmonary infection diagnosis.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the results of mNGS and conventional tests from 140 hospitalized patients with suspected pulmonary infections from January 2019 to December 2020. The sample types included bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, lung tissue by transbronchial lung biopsy, pleural effusion, blood, and bronchial sputum.

Immune Landscape of the B7 and TNFR Families in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Objective: To understand the immune molecular landscapes of the two major costimulatory and coinhibitory pathways (B7 and TNFR families) in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Methods: The B7 family members (CD80, CD86, CD274, ICOSLG, CD276, VTCN1, NCR3LG1, HHLA2 and PDCD1LG2) and TNFR family members (TNFSF4, CD40, CD70, TNFSF9, TNFRSF14 and TNFSF18) were used to analyse the costimulatory and coinhibitory pathway alterations in oral squamous cell carcinoma. The online tools UCSC Xena and cBioPortal were used to derive oral squamous cell carcinoma patients' clinical parameters, mRNA levels, mutations, DNA copy number alterations and methylation levels.

Triple versus dual oral antithrombotic therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The efficacy and safety of dual therapy (dual antiplatelet therapy [DAPT] and warfarin plus single antiplatelet [WS]) versus triple therapy (TT, DAPT plus warfarin) are still debated in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal antithrombotic strategy.

Methods: Electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI and WanFang Data) were searched to retrieve studies on the efficacy and safety of TT vs.

Uptake of HIV Self-testing among Men Who have Sex with Men in Beijing, China: a Cross-sectional Study.

Objective: To examine HIV self-testing uptake and its determinates among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Beijing, China.

Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in Beijing, China in 2016. Participants were users of a popular Chinese gay networking application and had an unknown or negative HIV status.

Salvianolic Acid B Attenuates Experimental Pulmonary Fibrosis through Inhibition of the TGF-β Signaling Pathway.

Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive and fatal disorder. In our previous study, we found that the Yiqihuoxue formula (YQHX), a prescription of Traditional Chinese Medicine, had a curative effect on scleroderma, a typical fibrotic disease. The aim of this study was to determine the key ingredient mediating the therapeutic effects of YQHX and to examine its effect on pulmonary fibrosis, including its mechanism.

Inhibitory effect of salvianolate on human cytochrome P450 3A4 in vitro involving a noncompetitive manner.

Salvianolic acid B (Sal B), which is purified from Danshen, is a popular herb extract. Sal B has anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypoxic, anti-arteriosclerotic and anti-apoptotic properties. This substance can also ameliorate brain injury or neurodegenerative diseases.

Salviaolate Protects Rat Brain from Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury through Inhibition of NADPH Oxidase.

Salviaolate is a group of depside salts isolated from Danshen (a traditional Chinese herbal medicine), with ≥ 85 % of magnesium lithospermate B. This study aims to investigate whether salviaolate is able to protect the rat brain from ischemia/reperfusion injury and the underlying mechanisms. Rats were subjected to 2 h of cerebral ischemia and 24 h of reperfusion to establish an ischemia/reperfusion injury model.

MicroRNA-93 promotes cell growth and invasion in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by targeting disabled homolog-2.

Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been demonstrated to contribute to malignant progression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We previously reported that miR-93 was significantly upregulated in NPC based on a microarray analysis. However, the potential role and mechanism of action of miR-93 in the initiation and progression of NPC remain largely unknown.

Timing of surgical decompression for traumatic cervical spinal cord injury.

Purpose: Although there have been numerous studies aimed at determining the effects and safety of early vs. late surgical decompression for traumatic cervical spinal cord injury, controversies still exist regarding the optimal timing of surgery for this serious spinal trauma. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of early vs.

Effects of eNOS rs1799983 and ACE rs4646994 polymorphisms on the therapeutic efficacy of salvianolate injection in Chinese patients with coronary heart disease.

The purpose of the present study was to clarify the association of eNOS 894G/T and ACE I/D genetic polymorphisms with the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and to explore the effects of these polymorphisms on the therapeutic efficacy of salvianolate injection in Chinese CHD patients. In all, 153 CHD patients and 198 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. We collected 5 mL peripheral blood for DNA extraction.

A high-throughput inhibition screening of major human cytochrome P450 enzymes using an in vitro cocktail and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

A sensitive and high-throughput inhibition screening liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of five probe metabolites (7-hydroxycoumarin, CYP2A6; 4-hydroxytolbutamide, CYP2C9; 4'-hydroxymephenytoin, CYP2C19; α-hydroxymetoprolol, CYP2D6; and 1-hydroxymidazolam, CYP3A4) for in vitro cytochrome P450 activity determination in human liver microsome and recombinant. All the metabolites and the internal standard, tramadol, were separated on a Waters 2695 series liquid chromatograph with a Phenomenex Luna C18 column (150 × 2.0 mm, 5 µm).

Effect of nicotinamide mononucleotide on insulin secretion and gene expressions of PDX-1 and FoxO1 in RIN-m5f cells.

Objective: To investigate the effect of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) on insulin secretion and gene expressions of pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1(PDX-1) and forkhead box-containing protein O-1 (FoxO1), which were important transcription factors for insulin secretion.

Methods: Insulin secretion level in RIN-m5f cells was detected by rat insulin ELISA detection kit. The mRNA expression levels of PDX-1 and FoxO1 in RIN-m5f cells were analyzed by real-time PCR.

The protective effect of magnesium lithospermate B against glucose-induced intracellular oxidative damage.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of magnesium lithospermate B (LAB) on intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by high dose of glucose or H(2)O(2), we explored the influences of LAB on the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and nuclear factor E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) in HEK293T cells after treatment with high dose of glucose.

Materials And Methods: The total nuclear proteins in HEK293T cells were extracted with Cytoplasmic Protein Extraction Kit. The ROS level was determined by flow cytometry.