Functional nanozyme system for synergistic tumor immunotherapy via cuproptosis and ferroptosis activation.

Elevated copper levels induce tumor cuproptosis and ferroptosis, leading to immunogenic cell death and subsequent antitumor immune responses. However, dysregulated copper metabolism in tumor cells maintains homeostatic copper balance, while hypoxic microenvironments hinder therapeutic efficacy. In this study, we present a nanozyme system, termed CussOMEp, comprising a copper-based nanovector (CussNV) that is PEGylated and loaded with omeprazole, a copper transporter inhibitor, to enhance tumor synergistic immunotherapy by promoting cuproptosis and ferroptosis.

Macrophage membrane enveloped on double-locked nanoplatform with right-side-out orientation to improving precise theranostic for atherosclerosis.

A right-side-out orientated self-assembly of cell membrane-camouflaged theranostic nanoplatform is crucial for ensuring their biological functionality inherited from the source cells. However, the low specificity and fluorescence background interference hampered reliable assessment of lipids content in plaques. In this work, a spontaneous right-side-out coupling-driven ROS-responsive theranostic nanoplatform has been developed to enhance accumulation within atherosclerotic plaques, target lipids imaging in plaques, reduce the interference from background fluorescence and inhibit the progression of atherosclerosis (AS).

Synergistic Integration of Halide Perovskite and Rare-Earth Ions toward Photonics.

Halide perovskites (HPs), emerging as a noteworthy class of semiconductors, hold great promise for an array of optoelectronic applications, including anti-counterfeiting, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), solar cells (SCs), and photodetectors, primarily due to their large absorption cross section, high fluorescence efficiency, tunable emission spectrum within the visible region, and high tolerance for lattice defects, as well as their adaptability for solution-based fabrication processes. Unlike luminescent HPs with band-edge emission, trivalent rare-earth (RE) ions typically emit low-energy light through intra-4f optical transitions, characterized by narrow emission spectra and long emission lifetimes. When fused, the cooperative interactions between HPs and REs endow the resulting binary composites not only with optoelectronic properties inherited from their parent materials but also introduce new attributes unattainable by either component alone.

Comparison of the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer patients: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Preoperative neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) is considered to be the standard treatment strategy for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC); however, the risk of adverse events and postoperative recurrence remains significant. This study aimed to evaluate the non-inferiority of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) compared with nCRT in patients with LARC and to assess the possibility of eliminating radiotherapy on the basis of guaranteed efficacy.

Materials And Methods: We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the efficacy of nCRT and nCT for LARC.

Unveiling emerging polycyclic aromatic compounds in the urban atmospheric particulate matter.

Despite the ubiquity and complexity of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs), many of these compounds are largely unknown and lack sufficient toxicity data for comprehensive risk assessments. In this study, nontarget screening assisted by in-house and self-developed spectra databases was, therefore, employed to identify PACs in atmospheric particulate matter collected from multiple outdoor settings. Additionally, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity properties were evaluated to indicate PAC's overall abilities to cause adverse outcomes and incorporated into a novel health risk assessment model to assess their inhalation risks.

Enhanced Osteoporosis Treatment via Nano Drug Coating Encapsulating GG.

Osteoporosis is the most common systemic skeletal disorder, particularly associated with aging and postmenopausal women. With the growing knowledge about the gut-bone axis, the therapeutic strategies for osteoporosis have been shifted toward regulating gut microbiota to promote positive bone metabolism. Although GG (LGG) is widely reported to positively regulate bone metabolism by restoring the dysbiotic microbiome, oral administration is associated with sensitivity to gastric fluid and low bioavailability.

Biomimetic Cerium-Assisted Supra-Carbon Dots Assembly for Reactive Oxygen Species-Activated Atherosclerosis Theranostic.

Theranostic applications in atherosclerosis plaque microenvironment-triggered nanoplatforms are significantly compromised by the complex synthesis procedure, non-specific distribution, and limited therapeutic function. Therefore, development of a facile and feasible method to construct a pathology-based stimuli-responsive nanoplatform with satisfactory theranostic performance remains a demanding and highly anticipated goal. Herein, a novel class of multifunctional supra-carbon dots (CDs), denoted as MM@Ce-CDs NPs, by a simple nanoassembly and a subsequent coating with macrophage membrane (MM), is developed for the targeted reactive oxygen species-trigged theranostic and positive regulation of the pathological plaque microenvironment in AS.

Visualization of Biomolecular Radiation Damage at the Single-Particle Level Using Lanthanide-Sensitized DNA Origami.

Precise monitoring of biomolecular radiation damage is crucial for understanding X-ray-induced cell injury and improving the accuracy of clinical radiotherapy. We present the design and performance of lanthanide-DNA-origami nanodosimeters for directly visualizing radiation damage at the single-particle level. Lanthanide ions (Tb or Eu) coordinated with DNA origami nanosensors enhance the sensitivity of X-ray irradiation.

Red Blood Cell Membrane Spontaneously Coated Nanoprodrug Based on Phosphatidylserine for Antiatherosclerosis Applications.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is characterized by the accumulation of lipids within the walls of coronary arteries, leading to arterial narrowing and hardening. It serves as the primary etiology and pathological basis for cardiovascular diseases affecting the heart and brain. However, conventional pharmacotherapy is constrained by inadequate drug delivery and pronounced toxic side effects.

Roles and occurrences of microbiota in the osmoregulatory organs, gills and gut, in marine medaka upon hypotonic stress.

Gills and gut are the two primary osmoregulatory organs in fish. Recently, studies have expanded beyond the osmoregulatory mechanisms of these organs to explore the microbiota communities inhabiting them. It is now known that microbial communities in both organs shift in response to osmotic stress.

Macrophage Membrane-Encapsulated Dopamine-Modified Poly Cyclodextrin Multifunctional Biomimetic Nanoparticles for Atherosclerosis Therapy.

Atherosclerotic plaques exhibit high cholesterol deposition and oxidative stress resulting from high reactive oxygen species (ROS). These are the major components in plaques and the main pro-inflammatory factor. Therefore, it is crucial to develop an effective therapeutic strategy that can simultaneously address the multiple pro-inflammatory factors removing cholesterol and inhibiting the overaccumulated ROS.

Preparation of Root-Derived Exosome-Like Nanovesicles and Evaluation of Their Effects on Mitigating Alcoholic Intoxication and Promoting Alcohol Metabolism in Mice.

Purpose: , a dual-purpose food and medicine, displays limited efficacy in alcohol detoxification and liver protection, with previous research primarily focused on puerarin in its dried roots. In this study, we investigated the potential effects and mechanisms of fresh root-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (P-ELNs) for mitigating alcoholic intoxication, promoting alcohol metabolism effects and protecting the liver in C57BL/6J mice.

Methods: We isolated P-ELNs from fresh root using differential centrifugation and characterized them via transmission electron microscopy, nanoscale particle sizing, ζ potential analysis, and biochemical assays.

Universal cell membrane camouflaged nano-prodrugs with right-side-out orientation adapting for positive pathological vascular remodeling in atherosclerosis.

A right-side-out orientated self-assembly of cell membrane-camouflaged nanotherapeutics is crucial for ensuring their biological functionality inherited from the source cells. In this study, a universal and spontaneous right-side-out coupling-driven ROS-responsive nanotherapeutic approach, based on the intrinsic affinity between phosphatidylserine (PS) on the inner leaflet and PS-targeted peptide modified nanoparticles, has been developed to target foam cells in atherosclerotic plaques. Considering the increased osteopontin (OPN) secretion from foam cells in plaques, a bioengineered cell membrane (OEM) with an overexpression of integrin α9β1 is integrated with ROS-cleavable prodrugs, OEM-coated ETBNPs (OEM-ETBNPs), to enhance targeted drug delivery and on-demand drug release in the local lesion of atherosclerosis.

The Prevalence of Marine Lipophilic Phycotoxins Causes Potential Risks in a Tropical Small Island Developing State.

Tropical small island developing states (SIDS), with their geographical isolation and limited resources, heavily rely on the fisheries industry for food and revenue. The presence of marine lipophilic phycotoxins (MLPs) poses risks to their economy and human health. To understand the contamination status and potential risks, the Republic of Kiribati was selected as the representative tropical SIDS and 55 species of 256 coral reef fish encompassing multiple trophic levels and feeding strategies were collected to analyze 17 typical MLPs.

MSC-derived exosomal miR-140-3p improves cognitive dysfunction in sepsis-associated encephalopathy by HMGB1 and S-lactoylglutathione metabolism.

MiRNAs in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived exosome (MSCs-exo) play an important role in the treatment of sepsis. We explored the mechanism through which MSCs-exo influences cognitive impairment in sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). Here, we show that miR-140-3p targeted Hmgb1.

Reactive oxygen species-responsive nano-platform with dual-targeting and fluorescent lipid-specific imaging capabilities for the management of atherosclerotic plaques.

Atherosclerosis (AS), a pathological cause of cardiovascular disease, results from endothelial injury, local progressive inflammation, and excessive lipid accumulation. AS plaques rich in foam cells are prone to rupture and form thrombus, which can cause life-threatening complications. Therefore, the assessment of atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability and early intervention are crucial in reducing the mortality rates associated with cardiovascular disease.

A Macrophage Membrane-Functionalized, Reactive Oxygen Species-Activatable Nanoprodrug to Alleviate Inflammation and Improve the Lipid Metabolism for Atherosclerosis Management.

Atherosclerosis (AS) management typically relies on therapeutic drug interventions, but these strategies typically have drawbacks, including poor site specificity, high systemic intake, and undesired side effects. The field of cell membrane camouflaged biomimetic nanomedicine offers the potential to address these challenges thanks to its ability to mimic the natural properties of cell membranes that enable enhanced biocompatibility, prolonged blood circulation, targeted drug delivery, and evasion of immune recognition, ultimately leading to improved therapeutic outcomes and reduced side effects. In this study, a novel biomimetic approach is developed to construct the M1 macrophage membrane-coated nanoprodrug (MM@CD-PBA-RVT) for AS management.

Probing Energy-Funneling Kinetics in Nanocrystal Sublattices for Superior X-Ray Imaging.

Long-lasting radioluminescence scintillators have recently attracted substantial attention from both research and industrial communities, primarily due to their distinctive capabilities of converting and storing X-ray energy. However, determination of energy-conversion kinetics in these nanocrystals remains unexplored. Here we present a strategy to probe and unveil energy-funneling kinetics in NaLuF:Mn/Gd nanocrystal sublattices through Gd-driven microenvironment engineering and Mn-mediated radioluminescence profiling.

Efficacy and safety of minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia for ovarian cancer.

Background: Ovarian cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in female reproductive system in the world, and the choice of its treatment is very important for the survival rate and prognosis of patients. Traditional open surgery is the main treatment for ovarian cancer, but it has the disadvantages of big trauma and slow recovery. With the continuous development of minimally invasive technology, minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia has been gradually applied to the treatment of ovarian cancer because of its advantages of less trauma and quick recovery.

A Versatile Chitosan-Based Hydrogel Accelerates Infected Wound Healing via Bacterial Elimination, Antioxidation, Immunoregulation, and Angiogenesis.

Drug-resistant bacterial infection of cutaneous wounds causes great harm to the human body. These infections are characterized by a microenvironment with recalcitrant bacterial infections, persistent oxidative stress, imbalance of immune regulation, and suboptimal angiogenesis. Treatment strategies available to date are incapable of handling the healing dynamics of infected wounds.

Increased Readiness for Water Splitting: NiO-Induced Weakening of Bonds in Water Molecules as Possible Cause of Ultra-Low Oxygen Evolution Potential.

The development of non-precious metal-based electrodes that actively and stably support the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in water electrolysis systems remains a challenge, especially at low pH levels. The recently published study has conclusively shown that the addition of haematite to HSO is a highly effective method of significantly reducing oxygen evolution overpotential and extending anode life. The far superior result is achieved by concentrating oxygen evolution centres on the oxide particles rather than on the electrode.

Hyaluronic acid-decorated curcumin-based coordination nanomedicine for enhancing the infected diabetic wound healing.

Persistent over-oxidation, inflammation and bacterial infection are the primary reasons for impaired wound repairing in diabetic patients. Therefore, crucial strategies to promote diabetic wound repairing involve suppressing the inflammatory response, inhibiting bacterial growth and decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the wound. In this work, we develop a multifunctional nanomedicine (HA@Cur/Cu) designed to facilitate the repairing process of diabetic wound.

Turning Nonemissive CsPbBr Crystals into High-Performance Scintillators through Alkali Metal Doping.

X-ray scintillators have utility in radiation detection, therapy, and imaging. Various materials, such as halide perovskites, organic illuminators, and metal clusters, have been developed to replace conventional scintillators due to their ease of fabrication, improved performance, and adaptability. However, they suffer from self-absorption, chemical instability, and weak X-ray stopping power.