Diabetes Minimally Mediated the Association Between PM Air Pollution and Kidney Outcomes.

Epidemiologic observations suggest that exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM) is associated with increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetes, a causal driver of CKD. We evaluated whether diabetes mediates the association between PM and CKD. A cohort of 2,444,157 United States veterans were followed over a median 8.

Neighborhood built and social environment and meeting physical activity recommendations among mid to older adults with joint pain.

Arthritis is a leading cause of disability in the United States, with the most efficacious treatments being physical activity (PA). Arthritis patients are less likely to meet PA recommendations and the neighborhood environment may play a role. This study examines the effect of neighborhood walkability and social cohesion on PA among arthritis patients in a sample of US adults.

Piston sensing for a segmented mirror system via a digital dispersed fringe generated by wavelength tuning.

A dispersed fringe sensor (DFS) is a promising approach for sensing the large-scale piston error for segmented mirror systems. In this Letter, a novel method, to the best of our knowledge, for piston sensing based on a digital dispersed fringe (DDF), which is generated by wavelength tuning, is introduced. By continuously changing the wavelength of light passing through the sensor, a collection of far-field spot arrays can be acquired, which are used to construct the DDF with steps of accumulation and stacking in sequence for each inter-segment region.

Auto-ubiquitination of NEDD4-1 Recruits USP13 to Facilitate Autophagy through Deubiquitinating VPS34.

The class III phosphoinositide 3-kinase vacuolar protein sorting 34 (VPS34) is a core protein of autophagy initiation, yet the regulatory mechanisms responsible for its stringent control remain poorly understood. Here, we report that the E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4-1 promotes the autophagy flux by targeting VPS34. NEDD4-1 undergoes lysine 29 (K29)-linked auto-ubiquitination at K1279 and serves as a scaffold for recruiting the ubiquitin-specific protease 13 (USP13) to form an NEDD4-1-USP13 deubiquitination complex, which subsequently stabilizes VPS34 to promote autophagy through removing the K48-linked poly-ubiquitin chains from VPS34 at K419.

Increased levels of NLRP3 in children with febrile seizures.

Objective: Febrile seizures (FS) are the most common convulsions in childhood. Interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) is proposed to play an important role in the development of FS, from in vitro data and data from peripheral blood samples. IL-1β secretion is needed for activation of the NLR family, pyrin-domain containing 3(NLRP3) inflammasome.

Reduced GRAMD1C expression correlates to poor prognosis and immune infiltrates in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma.

There has been an increase in the mortality rate and morbidity of kidney cancer (KC) with kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) being the most common subtype of KC. GRAMD1C (GRAM Domain Containing 1C) has not been reported to relate to prognosis and immunotherapy in any cancers. Using bioinformatics methods, we judged the prognostic value of GRAMD1C expression in KIRC and investigated the underlying mechanisms of GRAMD1C affecting the overall survival of KIRC based on data downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).

Bioinspired Electrocatalyst for Electrochemical Reduction of N to NH in Ambient Conditions.

Industrial ammonia production depends heavily on the traditional Haber-Bosch method at the expense of CO emissions and large energy consumptions. Artificial fixation of nitrogen to ammonia is therefore regarded as a promising path to yield ammonia in energy-saving conditions. However, a competent electrocatalyst is highly desired, owing to the extremely stable bond of N≡N.

Adverse Effects of Exposure to Fine Particulate Matters and Ozone on Gestational Hypertension.

Gestational hypertension (GH) is a common complication during pregnancy. GH is regarded as a potential public health challenge for pregnant women and infants. Limited evidence has linked ambient air pollution to an increased GH risk.

Exosomes derived from normal human bronchial epithelial cells down-regulate proliferation and migration of hydroquinone-transformed malignant recipient cells via up-regulating PTEN expression.

The gene encoding the tumor suppressor, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), located on chromosome 10, is frequently expressed at low levels in various tumors, resulting in the stimulation of cell proliferation and migration. However, the role of exosomal PTEN in cell-cell communication during the progress of benzene-induced carcinogenesis remains unclear. The goal of this study was to explore whether exosomes derived from normal human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE) could transmit PTEN to hydroquinone-transformed malignant recipient cells (16HBE-t) and its possible effects on cell proliferation and migration.

CCL2-CCR2 Axis Potentiates NMDA Receptor Signaling to Aggravate Neuropathic Pain Induced by Brachial Plexus Avulsion.

Brachial plexus avulsion (BPA) represents the most devastating nerve injury in the upper extremity and is always considered as a sophisticated problem due to its resistance to most standard pain relief medications or neurosurgical interventions. There is also a lack of understanding on the underlying mechanisms. Our study aimed to investigate whether spinal CCL2-CCR2 signaling contributed to the development of neuropathic pain following BPA via modulating glutamate N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR).

Evaluation of the Safety and Protection Efficacy of and or Deletion Mutants of Enteritidis as Live Vaccine Candidates for Poultry Non-Typhoidal Salmonellosis.

serovar Enteritidis ( Enteritidis) is a host-ranged pathogen that can infect both animals and humans. Poultry and poultry products are the main carriers of Enteritidis, which can be transmitted to humans through the food chain. To eradicate the prevalence of Enteritidis in poultry farms, it is necessary to develop novel vaccines against the pathogen.

Adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution by polyacrylic acid grafted magnetic chitosan nanocomposite.

A creative combination of chitosan with polyacrylic acid (PAA) improves the acidity resistance of chitosan and increases its potential in the field of adsorption. In order to facilitate recovery, magnetic nanoparticles were incorporated in CS-PAA to obtain a magnetic-CS-PAA (MCS-PAA) nanocomposite. The physical and chemical characteristics of the composite adsorbent MCS-PAA were determined by SEM, TEM, FTIR, EDX, XRD, and XPS.

Mucosal Profiling of Pediatric-Onset Colitis and IBD Reveals Common Pathogenics and Therapeutic Pathways.

Pediatric-onset colitis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have significant effects on the growth of infants and children, but the etiopathogenesis underlying disease subtypes remains incompletely understood. Here, we report single-cell clustering, immune phenotyping, and risk gene analysis for children with undifferentiated colitis, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis. We demonstrate disease-specific characteristics, as well as common pathogenesis marked by impaired cyclic AMP (cAMP)-response signaling.

Benefits of influenza vaccination on the associations between ambient air pollution and allergic respiratory diseases in children and adolescents: New insights from the Seven Northeastern Cities study in China.

Background: Little information exists on interaction effects between air pollution and influenza vaccination on allergic respiratory diseases. We conducted a large population-based study to evaluate the interaction effects between influenza vaccination and long-term exposure to ambient air pollution on allergic respiratory diseases in children and adolescents.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was investigated during 2012-2013 in 94 schools from Seven Northeastern Cities (SNEC) in China.

Platelet-Rich Plasma-Incorporated Autologous Granular Bone Grafts Improve Outcomes of Post-Traumatic Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head.

Background: To investigate the effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP)-incorporated autologous granular bone grafts for treatment in the precollapse stages (Association of Research Circulation Osseous stage II-III) of posttraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Methods: A total of 46 patients were eligible and enrolled in the study. Twenty-four patients were treated with core decompression and PRP-incorporated autologous granular bone grafting (treatment group), and 22 patients were treated with core decompression and autologous granular bone grafting (control group).

[Tailored therapy in treatment of infectionbasedon clarithromycinsensitivity].

To compare eradication rates and compliance of patients with Helicobacter pylori()infection based on clarithromycin sensitivity. From July 2015 to January 2018,patients with infection in Peking university people's hospital were randomly assignedto a 14-day treatment with clarithromycin quadruple therapy versus tailored quadruple therapy for a prospective study. In the group of tailored therapy, medications were adjusted based on clarithromycin sensitivity.

Molecular tagging of biocontrol fungus Trichoderma asperellum and its colonization in soil.

Aims: To conduct molecular tagging of the biocontrol fungus Trichoderma asperellum strain T and elucidate its colonization patterns in soil.

Methods And Results: We constructed an expression vector harbouring a hygromycin B-resistant gene (hph) and an efficient green fluorescent protein (egfp) gene. By applying Agrobacterium AGL-1-mediated genetic transformation technology, we conducted molecular tagging of T.

The effects of triptolide on the cellular activity of cryopreserved rat sciatic nerves and nerve regeneration after allotransplantation.

To investigate the effects of triptolide (T10) on the cellular activity of cryopreserved rat sciatic nerves and nerve regeneration after allotransplantation. After the optimal T10 concentration was determine, sciatic nerve fragments from Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: the fresh nerve group (group A), the Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM)-preservation group (group B), the T10-preservation group (group C), the T10-pretreatment, DMEM-preservation group (group D), and the T10-pretreatment, T10-preservation group (group E). The nerves in the preservation groups were preserved at 4 °C for 4 w.

Exosomal miR-221 derived from hydroquinone-transformed malignant human bronchial epithelial cells is involved in cell viability of recipient cells.

miR-221, an oncogenic microRNA, can promote cell proliferation and is highly expressed in various types of tumors. However, the role of exosomal miR-221 in benzene-caused carcinogenesis remains elusive. Our study was designed to investigate whether exosomes secreted by the hydroquinone (HQ; an active metabolite of benzene)-transformed malignant cells can transmit miR-221 to normal recipient cells and its possible effects on cell viability.

Smallness at Birth and Neonatal Death: Reexamining the Current Indicator Using Sibling Data.

Objective: The similarity in size among siblings has implications for neonatal death, but research in this area is lacking in the United States. We examined the association between small-for-gestational age (SGA), defined as a birthweight <10th percentile for gestational age, and neonatal death, defined as death within the first 28 days of life, among second births who had an elder sibling with SGA ("repeaters") versus those whose elder sibling did not have SGA ("nonrepeaters").

Study Design: We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study including 179,436 women who had their first two nonanomalous singleton live births in Missouri (1989-2005).

Enrichment of CD146 Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Combination with Articular Cartilage Extracellular Matrix Scaffold Promotes Cartilage Regeneration.

Heterogeneity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) influences the cell therapy outcome and the application in tissue engineering. Also, the application of subpopulations of MSCs in cartilage regeneration remains poorly characterized. CD146+ MSCs are identified as the natural ancestors of MSCs and the expression of CD146 are indicative of greater pluripotency and self-renewal potential.

[Fabrication of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)/decellularized articular cartilage extracellular matrix scaffold by three-dimensional printing technology and investigating its physicochemical properties].

Objective: To manufacture a poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold by low temperature deposition three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, prepare a PLGA/decellularized articular cartilage extracellular matrix (DACECM) cartilage tissue engineered scaffold by combining DACECM, and further investigate its physicochemical properties.

Methods: PLGA scaffolds were prepared by low temperature deposition 3D printing technology, and DACECM suspensions was prepared by modified physical and chemical decellularization methods. DACECM oriented scaffolds were prepared by using freeze-drying and physicochemical cross-linking techniques.

Preparation of two ionic liquid bonded stationary phases and comparative evaluation under mixed-mode of reversed phase/ hydrophilic interaction/ ion exchange chromatography.

The present work describes the preparation of two ionic liquid and carboxyl acid silane reagents via photo-initiated thiol-ene click chemistry that have been bonded to silica to afford two mixed-mode stationary phases (Sil-C4Im-C9Co and Sil-C9Im-C4Co). The two stationary phases provided satisfactory retention repeatability and efficiencies. The influence of acetonitrile content, salt concentration and pH of the mobile phase was investigated to clarify the retention properties of the prepared stationary phases.

Late Pleistocene speciation of three closely related tree peonies endemic to the Qinling-Daba Mountains, a major glacial refugium in Central China.

Determining the factors promoting speciation is a major task in ecological and evolutionary research and can be aided by phylogeographic analysis. The Qinling-Daba Mountains (QDM) located in central China form an important geographic barrier between southern subtropical and northern temperate regions, and exhibit complex topography, climatic, and ecological diversity. Surprisingly, few phylogeographic analyses and studies of plant speciation in this region have been conducted.

Simultaneous determination of cytokinins by high performance liquid chromatography with resonance Rayleigh scattering and mechanism discussion.

A reliable, highly sensitive and highly selective method of high performance liquid chromatography associated with resonance Rayleigh scattering (HPLC-RRS) was developed to detect three cytokinins, namely, 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), kinetin (KT) and zeatin (ZT). In this work, Pd(ii) is added into the system to form ternary ion association complexes for the first time, which results in a lower limit of detection and extends the application of HPLC-RRS. The experimental conditions were optimized.