Evaluation and application of a Chinese version symptom questionnaire for visual dysfunctions (CSQVD) in school-age children.

Objective: To develop and evaluate a Chinese version of the Symptom Questionnaire for Visual Dysfunctions (CSQVD) to quantify visual dysfunction symptoms in school-age children with various eye diseases, and to explore the relationship between ophthalmological disorders and visual dysfunction symptoms.

Methods: Following standard scale adaptation procedures, the Symptom Questionnaire for Visual Dysfunctions (SQVD) was translated into Chinese (CSQVD). We employed random sampling to survey 198 outpatients aged 7-18 to assess the psychometric properties of the CSQVD.

Global research of artificial intelligence in strabismus: a bibliometric analysis.

Purpose: To analyze the global publications on artificial intelligence (AI) in strabismus using a bibliometric approach.

Methods: The Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database was used to retrieve all of the publications on AI in strabismus from 2002 to 2023. We analyzed the publication and citation trend and identified highly-cited articles, prolific countries, institutions, authors and journals, relevant research domains and keywords.

Efficacy of augmented-dosed surgery versus botulinum toxin A injection for acute acquired concomitant esotropia: a 2-year follow-up.

Background/aims: This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy of botulinum toxin type A (BTXA) injection and augmented-dosed surgery in the treatment of acute acquired concomitant esotropia (AACE), and explore potential risk factors associated with recurrence.

Methods: A total of 104 patients diagnosed with AACE between October 2020 and January 2021 were included and voluntarily chose to undergo augmented surgery or BTXA injection. The follow-up assessments ended in November 2022.

Gender Disparities in the Global Burden of Refractive Disorders in Children: An Analysis From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Purpose: To investigate gender disparities in the global burden of refractive disorders in children younger than 15 years by year, age, and national developmental status using disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).

Methods: Global, regional, and national gender-specific DALY numbers and rates of refractive disorders in children were obtained by year (from 1990 to 2019) and age group (0 to 4, 5 to 9, and 10 to 14 years) from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Data from the Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index in 2019 as an indicator of national developmental status were extracted from the Human Development Report.

Automated photographic analysis of inferior oblique overaction based on deep learning.

Background: Inferior oblique overaction (IOOA) is a common ocular motility disorder. This study aimed to propose a novel deep learning-based approach to automatically evaluate the amount of IOOA.

Methods: This prospective study included 106 eyes of 72 consecutive patients attending the strabismus clinic in a tertiary referral hospital.

Cell Wall Destruction and Internal Cascade Synergistic Antifungal Strategy for Fungal Keratitis.

Fungal keratitis is one of the most common blindness-causing diseases, but clinical antifungal treatment remains a challenge. The fungal cell wall and biofilm matrix which severely confine the drug preparation are the critical obstructive factors to therapeutic effects. Herein, we report ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) modified AgCuO nanoparticles (AgCuE NPs) to disrupt the cell wall and then eradicate through the internal cascade synergistic effects of ion-released chemotherapy, chemodynamic therapy, photodynamic therapy, and mild photothermal therapy.

TP53INP2 Contributes to TGF-β2-Induced Autophagy during the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Posterior Capsular Opacification Development.

Background: Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is the most common complication after cataract surgery, in which increased levels of transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-β2) accelerate PCO formation; however, the pathological mechanisms are not fully understood. This study aims to explore the regulation mechanism of TGF-β2 in PCO formation via its autophagic functions.

Methods: The autophagic effect of TGF-β2 was detected by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Western blotting, and immunofluorescence analysis.

Automated Measurement of Ocular Movements Using Deep Learning-Based Image Analysis.

Purpose: Clinical assessment of ocular movements is essential for the diagnosis and management of ocular motility disorders. This study aimed to propose a deep learning-based image analysis to automatically measure ocular movements based on photographs and to investigate the relationship between ocular movements and age.

Methods: 207 healthy volunteers (414 eyes) aged 5-60 years were enrolled in this study.

Necroptosis contributes to airborne particulate matter-induced ocular surface injury.

In this study, we explored the role of necroptosis in the pathogenesis of ocular surface injury caused by airborne particulate matter (PM). Human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells and mouse ocular surface were treated with PM exposure and compared with non-exposed groups. The expression of necroptosis-related proteins was measured by immunoblotting in HCE cell groups.

Rapamycin relieves the cataract caused by ablation of Gja8b through stimulating autophagy in zebrafish.

Macroautophagy/autophagy is known to be important for intracellular quality control in the lens. GJA8 is a major gap junction protein in vertebrate lenses. Mutations in cause cataracts in humans.

Functional acute acquired comitant esotropia: clinical characteristics and efficacy of single Botulinum toxin type A injection.

Background: To examine the clinical features of acute acquired comitant esotropia (AACE) and to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of a single injection of botulinum toxin type A (BTXA) on binocular visual function (BVF).

Methods: This retrospective, observational case series study enrolled patients with AACE examined from October 2018-May 2019. BTXA was injected into the both medial rectus muscles.

Interplay of MPP5a with Rab11 synergistically builds epithelial apical polarity and zonula adherens.

Adherens junction remodeling regulated by apical polarity proteins constitutes a major driving force for tissue morphogenesis, although the precise mechanism remains inconclusive. Here, we report that, in zebrafish, the Crumbs complex component MPP5a interacts with small GTPase Rab11 in Golgi to transport cadherin and Crumbs components synergistically to the apical domain, thus establishing apical epithelial polarity and adherens junctions. In contrast, Par complex recruited by MPP5a is incapable of interacting with Rab11 but might assemble cytoskeleton to facilitate cadherin exocytosis.

Cytoprotective role of humanin in lens epithelial cell oxidative stress‑induced injury.

Oxidative stress-induced injury and apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) are early events in the development of age‑related cataracts (ARCs). Humanin (HN) is a mitochondrial‑related peptide that serves a cytoprotective role in various cell types and animal models. Following HN knockdown or overexpression, the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial DNA copy number, cell viability, LDH activity and apoptosis of HLECs under oxidative stress were detected, and apoptosis and autophagy were detected via transmission electron microscopy.

Development of mucoadhesive cationic polypeptide micelles for sustained cabozantinib release and inhibition of corneal neovascularization.

Corneal neovascularization (CNV) is one of the leading risk factors for vision loss. Anti-angiogenic drugs can theoretically be extended to the treatment of CNV. However, the application of these drugs is often hindered by traditional administration methods, e.

Association of IGF1R polymorphisms (rs1546713) with susceptibility to age-related cataract in a Han Chinese population.

Aim: To explore the susceptible association between the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and age-related cataract (ARC), and investigate the underlying mechanisms in human lens epithelium (HLE) cells.

Methods: Totally 1190 unrelated participants, comprising 690 ARC patients and 500 healthy individuals in Han Chinese population were recruited and genotyped for target SNP. The -test was used to detect genotypic distribution between the patient and control groups and the logistic regression was performed to adjust the age and gender.

Regional differences in the global burden of age-related macular degeneration.

Background: Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness. This study aims to analyze regional differences on the global burden of AMD and help direct related policy making.

Methods: Disability-adjusted life years (DALY) data were collected from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2017 to estimate the AMD burden.

Socioeconomic inequality in the global burden of refraction disorders: results from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2017.

Purpose: To explore socioeconomic inequality in global burden of refraction disorders using disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).

Methods: World Bank categorical and national DALY numbers, crude rates and age-standardized rates caused by refraction disorders between 1990 and 2017 were obtained. Gini coefficient and concentration index were computed to assess trends in global health inequality in refraction disorders burden.

The impact of SNPs on susceptibility to age-related cataract.

Aim: To determine the association of () gene tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with susceptibility to age-related cataract (ARC).

Methods: In total, 486 ARC patients were matched with 500 healthy controls. All the participants underwent complete ophthalmic examinations.

The impact of GJA8 SNPs on susceptibility to age-related cataract.

The gap junction protein alpha 8 (GJA8) gene has been widely studied in human congenital cataracts. However, little is known about its relationship with age-related cataract (ARC). In this study, three GJA8-tagged single nucleotide polymorphisms related to an increased ARC risk were identified: rs2132397 for general ARC under both dominant and additive models; rs7541950 for general ARC under both recessive and additive models; and rs6657114 for cortical cataract under the recessive model.

Gender Inequality in Global Burden of Uncorrected Refractive Error.

Purpose: To explore gender inequality in global burden of uncorrected refractive error (URE) by year, age, and socioeconomic status using disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).

Design: International, comparative burden-of-disease study.

Methods: Global, regional, and national gender-specific DALY numbers; crude DALY rates; and age-standardized DALY rates caused by URE, by year and age, were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015.

Hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells is inhibited by parthenolide.

Aim: To explore the effect of parthenolide on hydrogen peroxide (HO)-induced apoptosis in human lens epithelial (HLE) cells.

Methods: The morphology and number of apoptotic HLE cells were assessed using light microscopy and flow cytometry. Cell viability was tested by MTS assay.

Experimental assessment of novel PAX6 splicing mutations in two Chinese families with aniridia.

Aniridia is a rare, congenital ocular disorder caused by the mutations of the paired box gene-6 (PAX6) (OMIM 607108), which encodes a highly conserved transcriptional regulator. In order to investigate the clinical characterizations and genetic defects of two Chinese families affected with aniridia, we recruited the family members and 200 ethnically matched controls. The entire exons and flanking intronic sequences of the PAX6 gene (NG_008679.

Coaxial Microincision Cataract Surgery versus Standard Coaxial Small-Incision Cataract Surgery: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: We conducted this meta-analysis to compare the outcomes of coaxial microincision cataract surgery (C-MICS) and standard coaxial small incision cataract surgery (C-SICS).

Methods: The outcomes of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting C-MICS and C-SICS were collected from PubMed, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library in May 2015. The final meta-analysis was conducted on the following intraoperative and postoperative outcomes: ultrasound time (UST), effective phacoemulsification time (EPT), balanced salt solution use (BSS use), cumulative dissipated energy (CDE), mean surgery time, endothelial cell loss percentage (ECL%), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), increased central corneal thickness (CCT), laser flare photometry values and surgically induced astigmatism (SIA).