Upcycling Waste Biomass to Biochar: Feedstocks, Catalytic Mechanisms, and Applications in Advanced Oxidation for Wastewater Decontamination.

Advanced oxidation technology plays an important role in wastewater treatment due to active substances with high redox potential. Biochar is a versatile and functional biomass material. It can be used for resource management of various waste biomasses.

Unusual violation of the Wiedemann-Franz law at ultralow temperatures in topological compensated semimetals.

Thermal conductivity and electrical resistivity at ultralow temperatures and high magnetic fields are studied in the topological compensated semimetals TaAs, NbAs, and NdSb. A striking phenomenon is observed where the thermal conductivity shows a T scaling at very low temperatures, while the resistivity shows a T-independent residual term. This indicates a strong violation of the Wiedemann-Franz (WF) law, since the field dependence of κ shows that the low-temperature thermal conductivity is dominated by electronic transport.

Microelectricity enhances aerobic granular sludge granulation and sulfamethazine degradation: Performance, mechanism, antibiotic resistance genes and microbial community.

With the widespread use of typical antibiotics such as sulfamethazine (SMT), it leads to their accumulation in the environment, increasing the risk of the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) has shown great potential in treating antibiotic wastewater. However, the long cultivation period of AGS, the easy disintegration of particles and the poor stability of degradation efficiency for highly concentrated antibiotic wastewater are still urgent problems that need to be solved, and it is important to explore the migration and changes of ARGs and microbial diversity in AGS systems.

High-Performance Silicone Sponge Evaporators with Low Thermal Conductivity for Long-Term Solar Interfacial Evaporation and Freshwater Harvesting.

Solar interfacial evaporation (SIE) has emerged as a highly promising approach for sustainable freshwater harvesting. However, maintaining a stable evaporation rate and achieving a high freshwater yield in high-salinity brines remain a significant challenge. In this study, we present the development of silicone sponge-based evaporators with a "free-salt" structure, designed to enhance the efficiency of SIE and freshwater collection.

Visible-light-induced cascade radical cyclization to access sulfamoylated benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-]isoquinolin-6(5)-ones.

We report, for the first time, a visible-light-induced cascade radical sulfamoylation and cyclization of 2-arylbenzoimidazoles using sulfamoyl chlorides as sulfamoylation reagents to access sulfamoylated benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-]isoquinolin-6(5)-ones. The readily available nature of sulfamoyl chlorides and the metal-free conditions make this method a promising strategy for the synthesis of these compounds.

Cd-Resistant Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria R27 Absorbed Cd and Reduced Cd Accumulation in Lettuce ( L.).

The use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for the bioremediation of heavy metal cadmium (Cd) and for enhancing plant growth in Cd-polluted soil is widely recognized as an effective approach. This study aimed to isolate Cd-resistant bacteria with plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits from the rhizosphere of vegetables subjected to metal contamination and to investigate the mechanisms associated with Cd adsorption as well as its impact on Cd uptake in lettuce. Six Cd-resistant bacterial strains were isolated from rhizosphere soil, among which the R27 strain exhibited the highest tolerance to Cd (minimum inhibitory concentration of 2000 mg/L) along with PGP traits, including phosphate solubilization (385.

Responses of Soil Respiration and Ecological Environmental Factors to Warming and Thermokarst in River Source Wetlands of the Qinghai Lake Basin.

Global climate warming has led to the deepening of the active layer of permafrost on the Tibetan Plateau, further triggering thermal subsidence phenomena, which have profound effects on the carbon cycle of regional ecosystems. This study conducted warming (W) and thermal subsidence (RR) control experiments using an Open-Top Chamber (OTC) device in the river source wetlands of the Qinghai Lake basin. The aim was to assess the impacts of warming and thermal subsidence on soil temperature, volumetric water content, biomass, microbial diversity, and soil respiration (both autotrophic and heterotrophic respiration).

Visible light induced hydroxyfluoroalkylation of quinoxalin-2(1)-ones with -trifluoroethoxyphthalimide under catalyst-free conditions.

For the first time, we achieved visible light-induced direct C3-hydroxyfluoroalkylation of quinoxalin-2(1)-ones using -trifluoroethoxyphthalimide as the trifluoroethanol radical precursor, without the need for a photocatalyst. The metal-free and catalyst-free nature of this method makes it an efficient and environmentally friendly approach for synthesizing C3-hydroxyfluoroalkylated quinoxalin-2(1)-ones.

Pedunculoside alleviates cognitive deficits and neuronal cell apoptosis by activating the AMPK signaling cascade.

Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction emerges as an early pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential and the elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production are pivotal in the initiation of neuronal cell apoptosis. Pedunculoside(Ped), a novel triterpene saponin derived from the dried barks of Ilex rotunda Thunb, exhibits a potent anti-inflammatory effect.

Investigating the mechanism of supraspinatus tendinopathy induced by type 2 diabetes mellitus in rats using untargeted metabolomics analysis.

Objective: To assess the mechanism of supraspinatus tendinopathy induced by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in rats using untargeted metabolomics analysis.

Methods: The liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based untargeted metabolomics approach was used to screen tendon biomarkers of supraspinatus tendinopathy in rats with T2DM. Seventy-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into normal group (NG) and T2DM groups.

Advances of microbial xylanases in the application of flour industries: A comprehensive review.

Microbial xylanase has a wide range of applications, and many researchers favoring its utilization as an alternative to improve flour products. Wheat flour is the main raw material of flour products, although the content of arabinoxylan is not high in flour products, but it has a great influence on the quality of flour products, microbial xylanase can act on wheat arabinoxylan, so as to play the role of flour product improvement. This review carries out a description of the research progress on the application of xylanases in flour products in terms of xylanase properties, different families of xylanases and improvement mechanisms of xylanases in flour products.

Case Report: Efficacy of Multiparameter MRI in Diagnosis of Chronic Breast Inflammation Complicated with Invasive Ductal Carcinoma and Ductal Carcinoma in situ.

Introduction: Incidental Enhancement Lesions (IELs) complicate patient management but may be detected through multiparameter MRI including dynamic contrast enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and synthetic magnetic resonance imaging (syMRI). The multiparameter MRI model gave greater objectivity to avoid unnecessary biopsy.

Case Presentation: A 60 year-old woman had a history of occasional right breast pain and a mass was identified in the right breast.

Hierarchy-constructed superhydrophobic and transparent coating modified intraocular lens by layer-by-layer self-assembly for glistening reduction and antiadhesion.

Intraocular lens (IOL) implantation surgery is the most effective treatment for cataract. However, glistening formed by the incoming liquid microvacuoles can significantly damage postoperative visual quality after prolonged implantation, for which there is still lack of effective clinical treatment. In this study, inspired by the amazing water-repellency of natural superhydrophobic surface, a functionalized IOL material modified with the superhydrophobic and transparent coating was prepared using layer-by-layer electrostatic self-assembly technique combined with fluorination.

Clinicopathological characteristics and genomic profiling in patients with transformed lymphoma: a monocentric retrospective study.

Background: Transformed lymphoma occurs when indolent lymphoma transforms into more aggressive lymphoma usually associated with poor prognosis.

Methods: In this study, we analysed the immunophenotypes, prognostic factors and outcomes of 35 patients with transformed lymphoma from among 306 marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), 544 follicular lymphoma (FL) and 871 chronic lymphocytic leukaemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) cases. In addition, we performed whole-exome sequencing study of seven transformed MZL (tMZL) cases.

Simultaneous bilateral and staged total knee arthroplasty combined with unicompartmental knee arthroplasty in the treatment of bilateral knee osteoarthritis: comparison of early clinical outcomes, complications, and prosthesis survival.

Objective: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is usually bilateral. In many patients, the degree of bilateral knee degeneration varies, with one side involving multiple compartments and the other a single compartment degeneration. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the early clinical efficacy of simultaneous bilateral and staged total knee arthroplasty (TKA) combined with unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) in the treatment of bilateral KOA with different degrees.

Photochemical alkylation of quinoxalin-2(1)-ones with ,,','-tetraalkylethylenediamine.

A visible-light-induced C-3 alkylation of quinoxalin-2(1)-ones with ,,','-tetraalkylethylenediamine was achieved without an external photocatalyst. The mechanism showed that quinoxalin-2(1)-ones could act as photocatalysts. The accessibility of the reagents and the green and mild reaction conditions made this protocol an alternative method to access C-3 alkylated quinoxalin-2(1)-ones.

CdWO Sub-1 nm Nanowires for Visible-Light CO Photoreduction.

Quantum size effect usually causes energy level splitting and band broadening as material size decreases. However, this may change again by the surface adsorbents, doping and defects, which rarely attracts much attention. Herein, CdWO sub-1 nm nanowires (SNWs) with oleylamine adsorption, PO -doping and oxygen defects are synthesized by combining Cd(CHCOO), HPWO (PW) and oleylamine (abbreviated as PO -CdWO-X SNWs).

Simultaneous bilateral open wedge high tibial osteotomy versus simultaneous bilateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty in the treatment of bilateral medial knee osteoarthritis: a retrospective study of an average three-year follow-up.

Objective: There is growing evidence that simultaneous bilateral open wedge high tibial osteotomy(SBOWHTO) and simultaneous bilateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty(SBUKA) is an effective surgical treatment for bilateral medial knee osteoarthritis (MKOA). However, which intervention is more beneficial for bilateral MKOA patients remains unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of these two strategies through early clinical outcomes, complication rates, and prosthetic survival.

Can the preoperative CT-based deep learning radiomics model predict histologic grade and prognosis of chondrosarcoma?

Background And Purpose: Computed tomography (CT) and biopsy may be insufficient for preoperative evaluation of the grade and outcome of patients with chondrosarcoma. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a CT-based deep learning radiomics model (DLRM) for predicting histologic grade and prognosis in chondrosarcoma (CS).

Methods: A multicenter 211 (training cohort/ test cohort, 127/84) CS patients were enrolled.

Bacterial Secondary Metabolites Embedded in Producer Cell Membranes and Antibiotics Targeting Their Biosynthesis.

The bacterial cell membrane primarily houses lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins forming a barrier and interface that maintains cellular integrity, supports homeostasis, and senses environmental changes. Compared to lipid components and excreted secondary metabolites, compounds embedded in the producer cell membrane are often overlooked due to their low abundance and niche-specific functions. The accumulation of findings has led to an increased appreciation of their crucial roles in bacterial cell biochemistry, physiology, and ecology, as well as their impact on mutualistic and pathogenic bacteria-eukaryote interactions.

Artemisinin conferred cytoprotection to human retinal pigment epithelial cells exposed to amiodarone-induced oxidative insult by activating the CaMKK2/AMPK/Nrf2 pathway.

Background: Ocular toxicity is a severe adverse effect that limits the chronic clinical use of the antiarrhythmic drug amiodarone. Here, we aimed to evaluate the cytoprotective effect of artemisinin and explore the potential signalling pathways in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell cultures.

Methods: D407 cell cultures were exposed to amiodarone and the impact of artemisinin was evaluated.