Global Profiling Lysine Reactivity and Ligandability with Oxidant-Triggered Bioconjugation Chemistry.

Due to the high abundance and diverse functions of lysine residues, both in the interior and on the surface of proteins, the development of new methods to characterize their reactivity and ligandability could significantly expand the pool of druggable targets. To date, only a limited number of aminophilic electrophiles have been assessed for interactions with the lysine proteome, resulting in a substantial fraction remaining inaccessible to current probes. Here, to the best of our knowledge, we report the first oxidant-triggered bioconjugation platform for in-depth profiling of lysines.

GlutaR: A High-Performance Fluorescent Protein-Based Sensor for Spatiotemporal Monitoring of Glutamine Dynamics In Vivo.

Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in human blood and muscle, and is integral to a wide variety of functions in cancer cells. However, the inability to monitor the subcellular distribution of glutamine in real-time has obscured understanding of glutamine metabolism under physiological and pathological conditions. Here, we report the development of a genetically encoded fluorescent sensor and demonstrate how this GlnBP-cpYFP fusion "GlutaR sensor" undergoes glutamine-induced conformational changes reflected in detectable fluorescence responses.

Versatile synthesis of uniform mesoporous superparticles from stable monomicelle units.

Superstructures with architectural complexity and unique functionalities are promising for a variety of practical applications in many fields, including mechanics, sensing, photonics, catalysis, drug delivery and energy storage/conversion. In the past five years, a number of attempts have been made to build superparticles based on amphiphilic polymeric micelle units, but most have failed owing to their inherent poor stability. Determining how to stabilize micelles and control their superassembly is critical to obtaining the desired mesoporous superparticles.

Local and Noninvasive Glyco-Virus Checkpoint Nanoblockades Restrict Sialylation for Prolonged Broad-Spectrum Epidemic Virus Therapy.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has driven major advances in virus research. The role of glycans in viral infection has been revealed, with research demonstrating that terminal sialic acids are key receptors during viral attachment and infection into host cells. However, there is an urgent demand for universal tools to study the mechanism of sialic acids in viral infections, as well as to develop therapeutic agents against epidemic viruses through the downregulation of terminal sialic acid residues on glycans acting as a glyco-virus checkpoint to accelerate virus clearance.

miR‑106b‑5p in stage II left‑sided and right‑sided colon cancer and its association with the prognostic characteristics of patients.

MicroRNA (miR)-106b-5p is highly expressed in colon cancer; however, data on its expression levels in left-sided colon cancer (LCC) vs. right-sided colon cancer (RCC) is lacking. The present study aimed to assess the differences in miR-106b-5p expression in stage II LCC and RCC, as well as its relationship with patient prognosis.

Preclinical study and phase 2 trial of neoadjuvant pyrotinib combined with chemotherapy in luminal/HER2-low breast cancer: PILHLE-001 study.

The prognosis of patients with luminal/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-low early breast cancer (EBC) needs to be improved. This preclinical study and phase 2 trial (ChiCTR2100047233) aims to explore the efficacy and safety of pyrotinib (a pan-HER tyrosine kinase inhibitor) plus chemotherapy in this population. Our preclinical experiments indicate a synergistic anti-tumor effect of pyrotinib plus chemotherapy in luminal/HER2-low (immunochemistry [IHC] 2+/fluorescent in situ hybridization [FISH]-negative) breast cancer models.

Current Trends in Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Management: A Bibliometric Analysis of the Past Two Decades.

Background: In recent years, there has been a growing focus on chronic non-communicable diseases (NCD) and their impact on personal and social health. Effective management of NCD is essential for their prevention and treatment. This study aims to utilize bibliometric methods to analyze and summarize the current development and emerging trends in NCD management.

Click to Correction: Interactive Bidirectional Dynamic Propagation Video Object Segmentation Network.

High-quality video object segmentation is a challenging visual computing task. Interactive segmentation can improve segmentation results. This paper proposes a multi-round interactive dynamic propagation instance-level video object segmentation network based on click interaction.

A Mobile Application for Anticoagulation Management in Patients After Heart Valve Replacement: A Usability Study.

Purpose: Individualized anticoagulation therapy is a major challenge for patients after heart valve replacement. Mobile applications assisted by Artificial intelligence (AI) have great potential to meet the individual needs of patients. The study aimed to develop an AI technology-assisted mobile application (app) for anticoagulation management, understand patients' acceptance of such applications, and determine its feasibility.

Association between changes in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and risk of cardiovascular disease.

Background: The present study was performed to determine the association between changes in the HDL-C concentration and incident CVD.

Methods: Time-dependent Cox regression models were used to evaluate the association between changes in the HDL-C concentration and the risk of incident CVD. Participants were followed up from 2015 to 2021.

The Influencing Factors of Psychosocial Adaptation of Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: The psycho-social adaptation of cancer patients is very important, which affects the treatment, rehabilitation process and prognosis of patients, and is closely related to the subjective well-being and quality of life of patients. However, the key factors affecting the psycho-social adjustment of cancer patients are not clear yet. This study aims to evaluate the psycho-social adaptation of cancer patients and its influencing factors based on a meta-analysis.

Determination of neutron spectrum based on artificial neural network using liquid scintillation detector EJ-301.

This paper focuses on the neutron spectrum measurement using a liquid scintillation detector, where the neutron spectrum could be identified and unfolded from the light output distribution of the EJ-301 liquid scintillation detector through a linear artificial neural network (ANN). The response functions of the EJ-301 detector for monoenergetic neutron sources, as well as the light outputs, have been simulated and calculated by Monte Carlo procedure FLUKA. The linear ANN was trained and tested through the simulated data, where response functions were set as the input of ANN and the corresponding neutron spectra were output.

Levels of serum lipids predict responses to PD-L1 inhibitors as first-line treatment in small cell lung cancer: an observational study.

Background: Immunotherapy provides new hope to individuals with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Predicting biomarkers for clinical effects is crucial for SCLC patients receiving programed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor treatment.

Aim: The aim of this study was to clarify the value of serum lipids as predictors of immune related adverse events (irAEs) and the anti-tumour effects in SCLC patients who received PD-L1 inhibitors as first-line treatment.

Quantitative analysis of immune cells within the tumor microenvironment of glioblastoma and their relevance for prognosis.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a high malignant tumor with no effective treatment. To comprehensively characterize the landscape of immune cells in GBM and evaluate their correlation with prognosis, we developed a multispectral fluorescent imaging pipeline that included tumor-infiltrating lymphocytic markers (CD3, CD4, CD8, FOXP3, NKP46), immune checkpoint markers (PD-1, PD-L1), and markers to characterize myeloid cells (CD68, CD66b, CD163, HLA-DR), to spatially quantify 18 immune cell subsets in 21 GBM cases. We found that macrophages are the most abundant in GBM microenvironment, followed by T cells and neutrophils, while NK and NKT cells are the least.

Corrigendum: Proteasome inhibitor YSY01A abrogates constitutive STAT3 signaling via down-regulation of Gp130 and JAK2 in human A549 lung cancer cells.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.

Recent progress in tyrosine kinase 2 inhibitors for atopic dermatitis.

Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by persistent itching. Conventional treatments for AD include topical corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors, but there are emerging therapies targeting the JAK-TYK2 pathway that are promising for the treatment of AD.

Areas Covered: This review comprehensively explores the pathogenesis, triggers, clinical manifestations, and conventional treatment options for AD.

Feasibility analysis of reclaimed water reuse based on water quality data and microbial community structure study.

The ecological recharge of urban landscapes with reclaimed water plays a crucial role in alleviating urban water shortage. In Yinchuan, we examined the effects of recharging urban rivers with either Yellow River or reclaimed water on the abundance and diversity of microbial communities. This study aimed to support the effective utilization of reclaimed water.

Silencing of tropomodulin 1 inhibits acute myeloid leukemia cell proliferation and tumor growth by elevating karyopherin alpha 2-mediated autophagy.

Evidence shows that tropomodulin 1 (TMOD1) is a powerful diagnostic marker in the progression of several cancer types. However, the regulatory mechanism of TMOD1 in tumor progression is still unclear. Here, we showed that TMOD1 was highly expressed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) specimens, and TMOD1-silencing inhibited cell proliferation by inducing autophagy in AML THP-1 and MOLM-13 cells.

The Potential of a New Natural Vessel Source: Decellularized Intercostal Arteries as Sufficiently Long Small-Diameter Vascular Grafts.

Small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVGs) are severely lacking in clinical settings. Therefore, our study investigates a new source of biological vessels-bovine and porcine decellularized intercostal arteries (DIAs)-as potential SDVGs. We utilized a combination of SDS and Triton X-100 to perfuse the DIAs, establishing two different time protocols.

RHOF activation of AKT/β-catenin signaling pathway drives acute myeloid leukemia progression and chemotherapy resistance.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clonal malignancy originating from leukemia stem cells, characterized by a poor prognosis, underscoring the necessity for novel therapeutic targets and treatment methodologies. This study focuses on Ras homolog family member F, filopodia associated (RHOF), a Rho guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) family member. We found that RHOF is overexpressed in AML, correlating with an adverse prognosis.