A TaSnRK1α-TaCAT2 model mediates resistance to Fusarium crown rot by scavenging ROS in common wheat.

Fusarium crown rot (FCR) is a serious underlying disease to threaten wheat yield and quality recently. Here, we identify a catalase antioxidant enzyme (TaCAT2) through genome wide association study (GWAS) and whole-exome sequencing (WES) in two nested bi-parental populations. We verify the function of TaCAT2 regulating wheat FCR resistance by genetic transformation.

Social disconnection, psychometric pain risk prediction, and cardiovascular disease with life expectancy in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Background: Understanding the impact of psychosocial factors and pain management on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and life expectancy in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is critical for developing targeted interventions. We aimed to assess the associations of social isolation, loneliness, and pain risk with incident CVD in patients with CKD and to evaluate the impact of these factors on the life expectancy of CKD patients.

Methods: This prospective cohort study comprised 334,381 CKD patients from the UK Biobank.

Adverse drug reactions to atezolizumab in combination with bevacizumab in hepatocellular carcinoma patients: an analysis of the food and drug administration adverse event reporting system database.

Purpose: The objective of the study is to systematically identify and evaluate the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with the combination therapy of systematically and bevacizumab in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Patients And Methods: Data were extracted from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System FDA Adverse Event Reporting System database. Disproportionality analysis was conducted using the reporting odds ratio (ROR), proportional reporting ratio (PRR) and Bayesian confidence propagation neural network (BCPNN) of information components (IC).

Trimethylamine-N-oxide affects cell type-specific pathways and networks in mouse aorta to promote atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability.

Background: Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) has been significantly linked to atherosclerosis via several mechanisms, but its direct effect on the atherosclerosis-prone vasculature remains unclear. The objective of this study was to characterize the cell type-dependent and independent effects of TMAO on key vascular cell types involved in atherosclerosis progression .

Methods: We performed single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNAseq) on aortic athero-prone regions of female mice fed control Chow, high-cholesterol (HC), or HC+TMAO diets for three months to identify which aortic cell types, differentially expressed genes, and biological pathways are affected by TMAO.

Anti-corrosion lithium anode interface by LiLaZrTaO modified buffer layer for stable cycling of room-temperature solid-state lithium metal batteries.

Non-flammable butanedinitrile (SN) is recognized as a highly prospective plasticizer for significantly reducing the operating temperature of polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based solid polymer electrolytes. However, the instability of the lithium anode interface severely hinders the practical application of PEO/SN-based solid polymer electrolytes in room-temperature solid-state lithium metal batteries. In this work, we propose fast-ion conductive LiLaZrTaO (LLZTO) nanoparticles as corrosion inhibitors to constructure a multifunctional buffer layer on the surface of PEO/SN-based solid electrolyte (PSE@LLZTO) to stabilize the interface structure of Li anode via a facile spin-coating transfer technique.

Exploration into the Synthesis and Sodium Storage Characteristics of Hard Carbon Derived from Plastics.

The crux for the advancement of high-performance sodium-ion batteries resides in the development of low-cost, high-performance hard carbon anode materials. In this study, waste plastics are utilized as precursors to prepare plastic-derived hard carbon materials through a simple high-temperature one-step carbonization method, which is particularly suitable for new energy storage devices such as sodium-ion batteries and supercapacitors. Through in-depth exploration, we discover that the initial coulombic efficiency of hard carbon is intimately associated with its structure, within which the PU material exhibits the attributes of high capacity, initial coulombic efficiency and excellent cycle performance, meriting further optimization of hard carbon precursor materials.

Genome-wide characterization of effector proteins in Fusarium zanthoxyli and their effects on plant's innate immunity responses.

Background: Stem canker of Zanthoxylum bungeanum is a destructive forest disease, caused by Fusarium zanthoxyli, poses a serious threat to the cultivation of Z. bungeanum. The lack of research on effector proteins in F.

The role of glutathione for oxidative stress and pathogenicity of .

is an important zoonotic pathogen that threatens human and pig health. During infection, the host can impose oxidative stress to resist pathogen invasion. Resistance to oxidative toxicity is an important factor for pathogens.

Integration of multi-omics data accelerates molecular analysis of common wheat traits.

Integration of multi-omics data can provide information on biomolecules from different layers to illustrate the complex biology systematically. Here, we build a multi-omics atlas containing 132,570 transcripts, 44,473 proteins, 19,970 phosphoproteins, and 12,427 acetylproteins across wheat vegetative and reproductive phases. Using this atlas, we elucidate transcriptional regulation network, contributions of post-translational modification (PTM) and transcript level to protein abundance, and biased homoeolog expression and PTM in wheat.

Collagen-based hydrogel sol-gel phase transition mechanism and their applications.

Collagen-based hydrogels represent a crucial class of biomaterials for their desirable physicochemical and biochemical properties. The variation in ingredients, gelation conditions, and crosslinking techniques may impact the physicochemical and biological properties of collagen-based hydrogels. However, the specific effects of these parameters on the gelation mechanisms of novel hydrogels and the relationships between fabrication parameters and the resultant characteristics of these hydrogels remain elusive.

Ensartinib for advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer with exon 14 skipping mutations (EMBRACE): a multi-center, single-arm, phase 2 trial.

Background: exon14 skipping mutations (ex14) is an established actionable driver oncogene of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). While ensartinib is a known second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor with primary activity against translocation, it is also classified as a type Ia MET inhibitor. We have previously shown anti-tumor activity against ex14 positive NSCLC both and .

Ultra-processed food, genetic predisposition, and the risk of kidney stone: a population-based prospective cohort study.

Background: Whether ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption is associated with the risk of kidney stone is not explored. Furthermore, it remains unclear if kidney stone-related genetic predisposition could affect this association. Therefore, we aim to examine the associations of UPF consumption, genetic predisposition, and their interactions with the risk of kidney stone.

Current Status and Future Directions of Ferroptosis Research in Breast Cancer: Bibliometric Analysis.

Background: Ferroptosis, as a novel modality of cell death, holds significant potential in elucidating the pathogenesis and advancing therapeutic strategies for breast cancer.

Objective: This study aims to comprehensively analyze current ferroptosis research and future trends, guiding breast cancer research advancements and innovative treatment strategies.

Methods: This research used the R package Bibliometrix (Department of Economic and Statistical Sciences at the University of Naples Federico II), VOSviewer (Centre for Science and Technology Studies at Leiden University), and CiteSpace (Drexel University's College of Information Science and Technology), to conduct a bibliometric analysis of 387 papers on breast cancer and ferroptosis from the Web of Science Core Collection.

Quantitative comparison of local field enhancement from tip-apex and plasmonic nanofocusing excitation plasmon-assisted field emission resonances.

Plasmonic nanofocusing off-site excitation offers a promising approach to minimize background light scattering and enhance excitation efficiency in tip-enhanced optical spectroscopy. However, a comprehensive understanding of its effectiveness compared to direct tip-apex excitation remains limited. Here we introduce plasmon-assisted field emission resonances as a practicable approach for quantitative evaluation of the local field enhancement in a scanning-tunneling-microscope junction off-site excitation compared to direct tip-apex excitation.

Multifunctional Janus-Coated Metafabric for Personal Thermal Comfort and Energy Efficient Buildings.

Space cooling and heating consume huge energy resources globally, while existing cooling/heating equipment can only address indoor temperature control. In this work, we report a multifunctional layered Janus-coated fabric (JCF) with radiative cooling/solar heating/Joule heating, which can utilize space and the sun as a source of cooling and heating. By adjusting the reflectivity, emissivity, and absorptivity of the coating, the fabric performs a thermal management function in a complex and changeable environment without consuming energy.

Causal Association of Primary Biliary Cholangitis with Adverse Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is associated with multiple adverse pregnancy events and neonatal outcomes. However, the available observational study evidence results are inconsistent, and causality is unclear.

Methods: We used a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to assess the association between PBC and multiple adverse pregnancy events and neonatal outcomes in a European population.

The formation pathway of flavor compounds in steamed Antarctic krill () based on untargeted metabolomics.

This study investigated the impact of steaming on the flavor and metabolic profile of Antarctic krill, aiming to elucidate the pathways responsible for flavor development and metabolic shifts during processing. HS-SPME-GC-MS identified key volatile compounds, including alcohols, aldehydes, ketones and so on. The results demonstrated a significant increase in nonanal content from 2.

Combination of Metabolite Analysis and Network Pharmacology to Explore the Potential Anticough Mechanism of Protopine-A Marker in Zhi-Ke-Bao Tablets.

Rationale: Protopine, an active alkaloid in Papaver somniferum L., was abundant in a well-known anticough traditional Chinese medicine preparation-Zhi-Ke-Bao tablets. Till now, the metabolism feature and anticough mechanism of protopine have not been fully elucidated, restricting its further development.

All-in-One Homogenized Sulfur/Cobalt Disulfide Composite Cathodes for Harmonious Interface All-Solid-State Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

The development of high-performance all-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries (ASSLSBs) has garnered considerable attention due to their potential for high energy density and enhanced safety. However, significant challenges such as poor cycling stability, interface incompatibility, and reaction kinetics hinder severely their practical application. In this work, an all-in-one sulfur/cobalt disulfide (S/CoS) composite cathode is proposed by integrating sulfur and homogenized cobalt disulfide (CoS) as the sulfur-based cathode materials with the sulfide solid electrolyte (LiPSCl) through ball milling.

Screening characteristic VOC species, health hazards, and odor pollutants in the grain and oilseed milling industry of China.

Grain and oilseed milling industries are significant sources of VOCs, leading to substantial human health risks and odor pollution. However, the VOC emission remain inadequately characterized, hindering the development of effective pollution mitigation strategies. VOC samples were collected discharged from the rapeseed oil, sesame oil, soybean oil, and wheat flour manufacturing workshops in the Pearl River Delta, China.

The Placenta Regulates Intrauterine Fetal Growth via Exosomal PPARγ.

Abnormal adipogenesis is a major contributor to fetal growth restriction (FGR) and its associated complications. However, the underlying etiology remains unclear. Here, it is reported that the placentas of women with pregnancies complicated with FGR exhibit peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) inactivation.

Dietary patterns, nutrients, and risk of expiratory airflow limitation in children and adolescents.

Background: Increasing global pediatric respiratory diseases require understanding modifiable factors affecting lung function. We explored the association between dietary patterns, nutrients and the risk of expiratory airflow limitation (EAL) in children and adolescents.

Methods: Dietary intake was collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) with 110 food items.

Longevity Humans Have Youthful Erythrocyte Function and Metabolic Signatures.

Longevity individuals have lower susceptibility to chronic hypoxia, inflammation, oxidative stress, and aging-related diseases. It has long been speculated that "rejuvenation molecules" exist in their blood to promote extended lifespan. We unexpectedly discovered that longevity individuals exhibit erythrocyte oxygen release function similar to young individuals, whereas most elderly show reduced oxygen release capacity.

Baicalein modulates endoplasmic reticulum stress by activating SIRT3 to attenuate the dysfunction of retinal microvascular endothelial cells under high glucose conditions.

High glucose-induced alterations in the retinal microvasculature are major contributors to vision loss and deterioration. Baicalein, known for its protective effect on blood vessels and endothelial cells, is a potential therapeutic agent for diabetes-induced retinal dysfunction. This study aims to investigate the impact and mechanism of baicalein on high glucose-induced dysfunction in retinal microvascular endothelial cells (RMECs).

The interaction between genetic predicted gut microbiome abundance and particulate matter on the risk of incident asthma in adults.

Air pollution and gut microbial abundance (GMA) are both closely related with asthma incidence. This study aims to explore significant interact on the risk of incident asthma in adult exist between GMA and PM exposure based on a prospective cohort of UK Biobank. Polygenic score of GMA was calculated using 19 distinct single nucleotide polymorphisms.