Talaromycosis from Wuhan: two-case report and literature review.

Background: Talaromycosis is a serious opportunistic infectious disease caused by , which mostly occurs in immunocompromised patients. The disease is mainly prevalent in tropical countries and regions of Southeast Asia and South Asia, but non-endemic areas also have patients with Talaromycosis. The disease has no characteristic clinical manifestations and is difficult to diagnose.

Testosterone and soluble ST2 as mortality predictive biomarkers in male patients with sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy.

Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SIC) is characterized by high mortality and poor outcomes. This study aimed to explore the relationship between testosterone and soluble ST2 (sST2) and all-cause mortality in patients with SIC. Clinical data from SIC patients at Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from January 2021 and March 2023 were reviewed.

Remimazolam tosylate's long-term sedative properties in ICU patients on mechanical ventilation: effectiveness and safety.

Objective: This study compared remimazolam tosylate with propofol or midazolam to assess its safety and effectiveness for long-term sedation of intensive care unit (ICU) patients requiring mechanical ventilation.

Methods: Adult patients in the ICU receiving sedation and mechanical ventilation for longer than 24 h were included in this single-center, prospective, observational study. Depending on the sedatives they were given, they were split into two groups (midazolam or propofol group; remimazolam group).

Motivational simulated teaching of clinical skills using formative assessment methods for medical undergraduate students: between-group evaluation of a simulated course in a Chinese medical college.

Objectives: Teaching clinical skills is an important component of educational programmes for medical undergraduates. However, the extension of the interval between the completion of the course and qualification examination affects the performance of students in the skill examination. This study established a multisource evaluation system to determine whether formative assessment can enhance the instruction of clinical skills.

The utilization of nanopore targeted sequencing proves to be advantageous in the identification of infections present in deceased donors.

Background: Nanopore Target Sequencing (NTS) represents a novel iteration of gene sequencing technology; however, its potential utility in the detection of infection in deceased donors has yet to be documented. The present study endeavors to assess the applicability of NTS in this domain.

Methods: This retrospective study comprised a cohort of 71 patients who were under intensive care at Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University between June 2020 and January 2022.

ERRα protects against sepsis-induced acute lung injury in rats.

Background: Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) is associated with poor survival rates. The identification of potential therapeutic targets for preventing sepsis-induced ALI has clinical importance. This study aims to investigate the role of estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) in sepsis-induced ALI.

Well-Aerated Lung and Mean Lung Density Quantified by CT at Discharge to Predict Pulmonary Diffusion Function 5 Months after COVID-19.

Background: The aim of this study was to explore the predictive values of quantitative CT indices of the total lung and lung lobe tissue at discharge for the pulmonary diffusion function of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients at 5 months after symptom onset. Methods: A total of 90 patients with moderate and severe COVID-19 underwent CT scans at discharge, and pulmonary function tests (PFTs) were performed 5 months after symptom onset. The differences in quantitative CT and PFT results between Group 1 (patients with abnormal diffusion function) and Group 2 (patients with normal diffusion function) were compared by the chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test or Mann−Whitney U test.

Characteristics and molecular mechanisms through which SGLT2 inhibitors improve metabolic diseases: A mechanism review.

Metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, gout and hyperlipidemia are global health challenges. Among them, diabetes has been extensively investigated. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is characterized by hyperglycemia, is a complex metabolic disease that is associated with various metabolic disorders.

The Diagnosis of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Using Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing: Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an infectious disease caused by a bunyaviridae virus. Its main clinical manifestation is fever with thrombocytopenia, which may be accompanied by other clinical symptoms. Here, we report a patient diagnosed with SFTS using metagenomic next‑generation sequencing (mNGS).

Regulation of bone metabolism mediated by β-adrenergic receptor and its clinical application.

Recent studies have confirmed that β-adrenergic receptors (β-ARs) are expressed on the surface of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and that the sympathetic nervous system can regulate bone metabolism by activating them. β-AR blockers (BBs) are commonly used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in the elderly. It is important to investigate whether BBs have a beneficial effect on bone metabolism in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, so as to expand their clinical application.

Prognostic Value of Leucocyte to High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol Ratios in COVID-19 Patients and the Diabetes Subgroup.

Background: Blood parameters, such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, have been identified as reliable inflammatory markers with diagnostic and predictive value for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, novel hematological parameters derived from high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) have rarely been studied as indicators for the risk of poor outcomes in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Here, we aimed to assess the prognostic value of these novel biomarkers in COVID-19 patients and the diabetes subgroup.

Impaired Fasting Glucose and Diabetes Are Related to Higher Risks of Complications and Mortality Among Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019.

Diabetes correlates with poor prognosis in patients with COVID-19, but very few studies have evaluated whether impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is also a risk factor for the poor outcomes of patients with COVID-19. Here we aimed to examine the associations between IFG and diabetes at admission with risks of complications and mortality among patients with COVID-19. In this multicenter retrospective cohort study, we enrolled 312 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 from 5 hospitals in Wuhan from Jan 1 to Mar 17, 2020.

Inhibition of ERR Aggravates Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Rats via Provoking Inflammation and Oxidative Stress.

Inflammation and oxidative stress are critical pathologies that contribute to sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI). This study investigated the regulatory role of estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERR) in an experimental model of sepsis-induced ALI. , a cecal ligation and puncture- (CLP-) induced ALI model was established in anesthetized rats.

Diagnostic value of the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equations in diabetic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) and Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equations are common for calculating estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Unlike CKD, the key pathological change of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is glomerulosclerosis.

Methods: To conduct a meta-analysis of the diagnostic performance of the CKD-EPI and MDRD equations in diabetic patients, we searched PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library for studies comparing standard GFR (sGFR) with eGFR using these two equations.

Long noncoding RNA FOXD2-AS1 aggravates hepatocellular carcinoma tumorigenesis by regulating the miR-206/MAP3K1 axis.

LncRNAs play crucial roles in the development of various cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nevertheless, the function of the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) FOXD2-AS1 in HCC is still poorly understood. In this study, we focused on the role of FOXD2-AS1 in HCC.

Hypercapnia attenuates ventilator-induced lung injury through vagus nerve activation.

Purpose: To investigate the role of vagus nerve activation in the protective effects of hypercapnia in ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) rats.

Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to either high-tidal volume or low-tidal volume ventilation (control) and monitored for 4h. The high-tidal volume group was further divided into either a vagotomy or sham-operated group and each surgery group was further divided into two subgroups: normocapnia and hypercapnia.

[Influences of estrogen-related receptor α on pulmonary vascular endothelium of rats undergoing sepsis].

Objective: To investigate influences of estrogen-related receptor α(ERRα) on pulmonary vascular endothelium of rats undergoing sepsis.

Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into four groups according to the random number table method (12 in each group): normal control group (NC group), sham operation group (Sham group), sepsis model caused by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) group (CLP group), XCT790 intervention group (XCT790 group, given the XCT790 2.5 mg/kg via intraperitoneal injection 30 minutes before CLP).

Inhibition of MRP4 alleviates sepsis-induced acute lung injury in rats.

This study was undertaken to examine the regulatory role of multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 (MRP4) in an experimental model of sepsis-induced acute lung injury in rats. Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture in anesthetized rats. Animals were then randomly assigned to receive intravenous injection of vehicle or MRP4 inhibitor (MK571, 20 mg/kg).

APP promotes osteoblast survival and bone formation by regulating mitochondrial function and preventing oxidative stress.

Amyloid precursor protein (APP) is ubiquitously expressed in various types of cells including bone cells. Mutations in App gene result in early-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, little is known about its physiological function in bone homeostasis.

Dipeptidyl-Peptidase 4 Inhibitor Sitagliptin Ameliorates Hepatic Insulin Resistance by Modulating Inflammation and Autophagy in ob/ob Mice.

Obesity and type 2 diabetes are the most common metabolic diseases globally. They are associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, autophagy, and insulin resistance. Sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitor, has been reported to show multiple biological activities beyond the antidiabetic property.

YAP promotes osteogenesis and suppresses adipogenic differentiation by regulating β-catenin signaling.

YAP (yes-associated protein) is a transcriptional factor that is negatively regulated by Hippo pathway, a conserved pathway for the development and size control of multiple organs. The exact function of YAP in bone homeostasis remains controversial. Here we provide evidence for YAP's function in promoting osteogenesis, suppressing adipogenesis, and thus maintaining bone homeostasis.

Protective effects of ghrelin in ventilator-induced lung injury in rats.

Ghrelin has exhibited potent anti-inflammatory effects on various inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential effects of ghrelin on a model of ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) established in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: low volume ventilation (LV, Vt=8ml/kg) group, a VILI group (Vt=30ml/kg), and a VILI group pretreated with ghrelin (GH+VILI).

[Effect of multidrug resistant associated protein 4 overexpression on lipopolysaccharide-induced vascular endothelial hyperpermeability and its mechanism].

Objective: To investigate the effect of multidrug resistance protein 4 (MRP4) overexpression on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced vascular endothelial hyperpermeability of rat pulmonary micro-vascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) and its molecule mechanism.

Methods: Three to six passages of PMVECs were cultured in vitro, and they were divided into three groups: the cells in LPS group were only challenged by LPS 10 μg/mL after being cultured in serum-free medium for 24 hours; the cells in Ad-shRNA and Ad-MRP4 groups were infected with the empty virus control or recombinant adenovirus expressing MRP4 for 2 hours, and then were cultured in serum-free medium for 24 hours followed by stimulation of LPS 10 μg/mL. Endothelial permeability was assayed by the Transwell chamber models at 2, 6, 12, and 24 hours after LPS stimulation.