Long-term low-level ozone exposure and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and glycemic levels: A prospective cohort study from Southwest China.

Background: This study investigated the relationship between long-term low-level ozone (O) exposure, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) incidence, and glycemic levels within a prospective cohort in Southwest China, especially in regions with relatively low air pollution levels.

Method: Between 2010 and 2020, the Guizhou Population Health Cohort Study (GPHCS) enrolled 9280 participants, who were followed up from 2016 to 2020. A total of 7317 participants (aged 18-95 years, mean 43.

Associations between fine particulate matter and its constituents and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.

Few studies have reported an association between intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) and preconception exposure to PM and sunlight duration, but there has been no in-depth analysis of the correlation between ICP and different constituents of PM. Thus, we performed this retrospective analysis among 160,544 pregnant women who delivered between 2014 and 2020, to further estimate the impact of different constituents of PM, as well as the duration of sunlight, on ICP via generalized linear models. During the three months prior to conception, the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for ICP were 1.

Polygenic Risk Score for the Efficacy of Clopidogrel in Patients With Minor Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack: A Post Hoc Analysis of the CHANCE Trial.

Background: Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with clopidogrel and aspirin is recommended for secondary prevention in patients with a minor stroke or transient ischemic attack. However, the effectiveness of DAPT can be significantly influenced by genetic variations. This study aimed to estimate the impact of multiple single-nucleotide polymorphisms across various genes on DAPT efficacy using polygenic risk score (PRS).

Combined morphological and molecular approaches to the clinical diagnosis of Necator americanus infection: a case report.

Background: Hookworm infection remains of considerable importance to public health. However, because critical cases caused by hookworm infection are rarely observed in China, accurate and prompt diagnoses are difficult to achieve in clinical practice. In this study, we describe how we combined morphological and molecular approaches to achieve the clinical diagnosis of hookworm infection.

Functional identification of the diterpene synthases exploring the landscape of diterpene structural diversity in Isodon.

The genus Isodon is recognized as a primary source for the production of ent-kaurane-type diterpenes and previous studies predominantly focused on ent-kaurene and miltiradiene as the most extensively investigated diterpenes in Isodon. The diversity of diterpene synthases within this genus has recently been acknowledged, while such studies have been largely restricted to single species. In this study, we systematically mined and functionally validated diterpene synthases from three Isodon species using transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses.

Acute Impact of Nonoptimal Ambient Temperatures on Plasma Levels of 3000 Proteins in Chinese Adults.

Nonoptimal ambient temperatures (i.e., cold and heat) are leading environmental determinants of major diseases worldwide, but the underlying pathological mechanisms are still poorly understood.

Exploring Spatial Hybrid User Interface for Visual Sensemaking.

We built a spatial hybrid system that combines a personal computer (PC) and virtual reality (VR) for visual sensemaking, addressing limitations in both environments. Although VR offers immense potential for interactive data visualization (e.g.

Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Diabetes Among 0.98 Million Patients With Stroke/TIA in China: Insights From a Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: A comprehensive epidemiological investigation of the coexistence between diabetes and stroke/TIA in China is urged.

Methods: Data from the Chinese Stroke Center Alliance program, a nationwide multi-center registry study, were used to detect the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of diabetes among stroke/TIA. The distribution of diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes among stroke/TIA patients was investigated, the medical care around diabetes and their respective risk predictors were analyzed, and the association of all above diabetes characteristics with in-hospital death was evaluated using multi-variable Cox regression models.

Perilesional Enhancement: A Valuable Feature for Differentiation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma in CEUS LI-RADS M.

Rationale And Objectives: We investigated whether the peritumoral enhancement feature can aid in discriminating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) in contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System M (LR-M).

Materials And Methods: Between May 2018 and July 2024, 147 LR-M and 320 LR-5. lesions with pathologically confirmed HCC and ICC diagnoses after CEUS were examined.

Increasing residential greenness attenuates the hazard of ultraviolet radiation on age-related macular degeneration in the elderly: A nationwide study in China.

Background: Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation may increase the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of blindness in the elderly. However, prevention measures of UV radiation at population-level remain lacking, exacerbating the health inequity. Given the protective effect of residential greenness on human health, we aim to identify the impact of greenness on the UV-AMD association.

Association of Left Ventricular Function With Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in a Community-Based Population.

Background And Objectives: The relationship of cardiac function with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) remains unknown. The study aimed to investigate the association between left ventricular (LV) function and CSVD in a community-based population.

Methods: Community-dwelling residents in China from the cross sectional survey of the PRECISE (PolyvasculaR Evaluation for Cognitive Impairment and vaScular Events) cohort were included.

Comorbidity Patterns in Patients with First-ever Acute Ischemic Stroke and Their Associations with Functional Outcomes.

Background And Purpose: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is the most prevalent type of stroke, associated with a significant burden of functional impairments. About 94.2% of AIS patients present with multiple comorbidities, but how they affect AIS prognosis remains largely unknown.

Discovery of novel imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine derivatives as potent covalent inhibitors of CDK12/13.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is widely recognized as the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, and treatment options for patients with TNBC remain highly limited. Recently, cyclin-dependent kinases 12/13 (CDK12/13) have been identified as promising therapeutic targets for TNBC. In our study, we report the design and synthesis of novel imidazo[1,2-b]pyrazine-based covalent inhibitors of CDK12/13, which exhibit potent inhibitory activity against TNBC cells.

Associations of maternal PM2.5 exposure with preterm birth and miscarriage in women undergoing fertilization: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Excessive exposure to PM2.5 can be detrimental to reproductive health. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential associations between ambient PM2.

Long-Term Fine Particulate Matter Exposure on Lung Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Chinese Nonsmokers.

The association between fine particulate matter (PM) and lung cancer incidence in non-smokers (LCINS) remains inconsistent. To investigate the association between long-term PM exposure and LCINS in a Chinese population and to assess the modifying effect of genetic factors. Time-dependent Cox proportional hazard models were employed to evaluate the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of PM with LCINS risk and LCINS-related mortality.

Associations between long-term exposure to ultrafine particles and type 2 diabetes: A large-scale, multicenter study in China.

Few studies have examined the associations between long-term exposure to ultrafine particles (UFP) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). This study aimed to investigate the impact of long-term UFP exposure on diabetes prevalence and stages, as well as glycemic markers, using data from a large multi-center cohort collected from 2017 to 2021. The health outcomes assessed included diabetes prevalence and stages (normoglycemia, prediabetes, and diabetes), as well as glycemic markers, i.

The correlation between serum MHR and NLR and the severity of coronary lesions in NSTE-ACS patients of different genders.

Background: To study the relationship between the monocyte/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and coronary artery stenosis in Non-st-elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE-ACS) patients of different genders.

Methods: A total of 253 control and 800 NSTE-ACS patients were included, and clinic data (29 items) were also collected. NSTE-ACS patients were divided into low-risk (0-23) and high-risk (≥ 23) groups based on the Synergy between PCI with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) score.

Dietary protein intake and PM on ovarian cancer survival: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Evolving evidence suggests both protein consumption and particulate matter less than 2.5 micrometers (PM) might be related to ovarian cancer (OC) mortality. However, no epidemiological studies have explored their potential interaction.

The timing and safety of topical timolol treatment for superficial infantile hemangioma: a retrospective cohort study.

Unlabelled: Numerous studies have shown that topical timolol is effective in treating infantile hemangioma (IH) with minimal adverse events. However, consensus is lacking on optimal timing, dosage, frequency, and safety parameters for this treatment. This study aims to explore the timing and safety of topical timolol treatment for superficial IH.

Association between HALP (hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet) score and poor outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a study from the Third China National Stroke Registry.

Background: The combined index (HALP) of hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocytes, and platelets is considered a novel scoring system that reflects systemic inflammation and nutritional status. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between HALP scores and poor outcomes in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: Patients with AIS and type 2 DM were screened from the Third China National Stroke Registry (CNSR-III) and divided into quartiles based on their HALP scores at admission.

Prourokinase vs Standard Care for Patients With Mild Ischemic Stroke: The PUMICE Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Trials have not demonstrated superiority of alteplase or tenecteplase vs standard care in patients with mild stroke and have raised safety concerns. Prourokinase is an alternative fibrinolytic that may have a favorable safety profile, and the benefit-risk profile of prourokinase in mild stroke is unknown.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of prourokinase in mild ischemic stroke within 4.

Mitigating bias in AI mortality predictions for minority populations: a transfer learning approach.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial role of artificial intelligence (AI) in predicting mortality and guiding healthcare decisions. However, AI models may perpetuate or exacerbate existing health disparities due to demographic biases, particularly affecting racial and ethnic minorities. The objective of this study is to investigate the demographic biases in AI models predicting COVID-19 mortality and to assess the effectiveness of transfer learning in improving model fairness across diverse demographic groups.

Pre-Lithiated Silicon-Based Composite Anode for High-Performance All-Solid-State Batteries.

Silicon is widely recognized as a promising anode material for all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) due to exceptional specific capacity, abundant availability, and environmental sustainability. However, the considerable volume expansion and particle fragmentation of Si during cycling lead to significant performance degradation, limiting its practical application. Herein, the development of a pre-lithiated Si-based composite anode (c-LiSi) is presented, designed to address the key challenges faced by Si-based anodes, namely severe volume changes and low electrochemical stability.

Prognostic Impact of 1-Year Changes in Creatinine- and Cystatin C-Based Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate After Stroke on 5-Year Outcomes: Insights From the Third China National Stroke Registry.

Background: The impact of long-term renal function change on stroke outcomes remains unclear. This study used the CNSR-III (Third China National Stroke Registry) cohort to determine whether changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate based on creatinine and cystatin C (eGFR) during the first year post stroke were associated with 5-year stroke outcomes.

Methods And Results: We included 4270 patients with centrally tested serum creatinine and cystatin C at admission and 1 year post admission and evaluated 5-year follow-up data.

Early Versus Delayed Antihypertensive Treatment After Acute Ischemic Stroke by Hypertension History.

Background: We performed a prespecified subgroup analysis of the CATIS-2 trial (China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke II) to compare the effect of early versus delayed antihypertensive treatment on death and disability in patients with and without medical history of hypertension.

Methods: CATIS-2 is a multicenter randomized clinical trial conducted in 106 hospitals in China. The trial randomized 4810 patients with acute ischemic stroke within 24 to 48 hours of symptom onset and elevated systolic blood pressure between 140 and <220 mm Hg to receive antihypertensive treatment immediately after randomization or to discontinue antihypertensive medications for 7 days and then receive treatment on day 8.