Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy in pharmaceutical analysis: from component determination to mechanism research.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technology, possessing extraordinary sensitivity and an outstanding ability to furnish molecular-level information, has emerged as a revolutionary technique within the domain of analytical chemistry. This review comprehensively and in-depthly investigates the application of SERS in the field of pharmaceutical analysis, encompassing detailed analyses in diverse aspects such as ingredient identification, quality control, mechanism of action, and efficacy evaluation. Firstly, we introduce the key aspects of SERS technology, including its working principle, substrate preparation methods, and crucial factors in the experimental design process.

Increased versatility and convenience: Advances and strategy optimization of Receptor-Mediated Ovary Transduction of Cargo-mediated genetic modification in insects.

Genetic modification via gene editing has become a widely adopted and demonstrably effective method in functional gene research within entomology. However, the optimal efficiency and simplicity of delivering exogenous guide RNA-clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein 9 complexes into target tissues are crucial for successful gene editing. The Receptor-Mediated Ovary Transduction of Cargo (ReMOT) strategy, which simplifies the delivery process, target-site selection, technical requirements, and delivery cost compared with embryonic microinjection, enabling efficient editing at the germline level, is gaining increasing attention.

Prevalence and factors influencing preoperative frailty in elderly patients with gynecologic oncology surgery: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Frailty is an important predictor of poor postoperative outcomes in elderly patients with gynaecologic cancer. However, the prevalence and risk factors for frailty in this population remain unclear.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted simultaneously in three gynecology departments of a tertiary hospital in China between January and March 2024.

Abnormal neural circuits and altered brain network topological properties in patients with persistent postural-perceptual dizziness.

Persistent Postural-Perceptual Dizziness (PPPD) is a common cause of chronic vestibular syndrome. Although previous studies have identified central abnormalities in PPPD, the specific neural circuits and the alterations in brain network topological properties, and their association with dizziness and postural instability in PPPD remain unclear. This study includes 30 PPPD patients and 30 healthy controls.

The vestibular and oculomotor dysfunction in Fabry disease: a cohort study in China.

Objective: Whereas a few studies have evaluated vestibular involvement in Fabry disease (FD), the relationship between vestibular/oculomotor abnormalities and disease-specific biomarkers remain unclear. Therefore, we seek to evaluate these quantitatively and analyze their relationship with disease phenotype and biomarkers in FD.

Methods: This cohort study enrolled 37 Chinese FD patients registered in our center.

Behavior and Mechanisms of Antimony Precipitation from Wastewater by Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria .

The development of the non-ferrous metal industry is generating increasingly large quantities of wastewater containing heavy metals (e.g., Sb).

Synergistic effects of clays and cyanobacteria on the accumulation dynamics of soil organic carbon in artificial biocrusts.

Biocrusts are the primary organic carbon reservoirs in desert areas, in which inorganic clays potentially playing significant roles; however, the specific details of these roles remain largely unclear. In this study, typical 1:1 type (kaolin) and 2:1 type (montmorillonite, MMT) clay minerals were added to artificial biocrusts to investigate their effect on the acquisition performance of soil organic carbon (SOC). After 84 days of cultivation, the enhancement effects of kaolin and MMT were significant, resulting in SOC increments that were 5.

Calixarene-Based Magnetic Nanosponge Decorating AgNPs for Rapid and Selective Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Analysis in Complex Samples.

Rapid and accurate analysis of trace targets in complex samples remains an enormous challenge. Herein, the calix[]arene-based magnetic cross-linked polymer decorating AgNPs, abbreviated FeO-CXA-DAB@AgNPs nanosponge, was developed for fast surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) analysis in complex samples. The FeO-CXA-DAB@AgNPs nanosponge surface was constructed by high-density CXA units with special cavity size and structure, which could selectively recognize and enrich targets to the sensing surface by the host-guest effect and molecule interactions.

Using High-Entropy Configuration Strategy to Design Spinel Lithium Manganate Cathodes with Remarkable Electrochemical Performance.

Owing to its abundant manganese source, high operating voltage, and good ionic diffusivity attributed to its 3D Li-ion diffusion channels. Spinel LiMnO is considered a promising low-cost positive electrode material in the context of reducing scarce elements such as cobalt and nickel from advanced lithium-ion batteries. However, the rapid capacity degradation and inadequate rate capabilities induced by the Jahn-Teller distortion and the manganese dissolution have limited the large-scale adoption of spinel LiMnO for decades.

An improved low-rank plus sparse unrolling network method for dynamic magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Recent advances in deep learning have sparked new research interests in dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reconstruction. However, existing deep learning-based approaches suffer from insufficient reconstruction efficiency and accuracy due to the lack of time correlation modeling during the reconstruction procedure.

Purpose: Inappropriate tensor processing steps and deep learning models may lead to not only a lack of modeling in the time dimension but also an increase in the overall size of the network.

Gold-grafted melamine sponge as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy substrate for enzyme-linked immunoassay of mycotoxins in cereal samples.

Gold-grafted melamine sponge (AuSp) was fabricated and applied as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate for enzyme-linked immunoassay of 2 typical mycotoxins, zearalenone (ZEN) and T-2 toxin. The gold nanoparticles were in situ grown on the sponge, and the product showed good effect in enhancing Raman signal and good stability. COMSOL and Gaussian simulations were used to analyze the enhancing effect.

Recent progress of chiral metal-organic frameworks in enantioselective separation and detection.

Chiral compounds are abundantly distributed in both the natural world and biological systems. It is crucial to identify and detect chiral compounds in living systems or to separate and determine them in the natural environment. Many researchers have developed a range of chiral materials with different functionalizations to separate and detect chiral substances.

Effects of a reminiscence therapy-involved program on anxiety, depression, and the quality of life in cancer patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: Reminiscence therapy is increasingly being utilized for cancer patients to address psychological pressure and enhance their quality of life. This meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively evaluate the effect of a reminiscence therapy-involved program (RTIP) on anxiety, depression, and quality of life in cancer patients.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in the Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases until December 2023 to screen randomized control trials (RCTs) comparing the effect of RTIP and control care.

A hybrid, nonlinear programming approach for optimizing passive shimming in MRI.

Background: In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), maintaining a highly uniform main magnetic field (B) is essential for producing detailed images of human anatomy. Passive shimming (PS) is a technique used to enhance B uniformity by strategically arranging shimming iron pieces inside the magnet bore. Traditionally, PS optimization has been implemented using linear programming (LP), posing challenges in balancing field quality with the quantity of iron used for shimming.

A self-driven microfluidic immunosensor for rapid separation, enrichment, and detection of biomarkers in serum.

Biomarkers and their concentration levels are critical indicators of metabolomics for clinical applications. Rapid and sensitive analysis methods are essential for realizing timely and efficient quantitation of those significant biomarkers. In this work, a self-driven microfluidic immunosensor was developed for rapid all-in-one separation, enrichment, and detection of biomarkers.

Critical steps in the restoration of coal mine soils: Microbial-accelerated soil reconstruction.

Soil reconstruction is a critical step in the restoration of environments affected by mining activities. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the significant role that microbial processes play in expediting soil structure formation, particularly within the context of mining environment restoration. Coal gangue and flotation tailings, despite their low carbon content and large production volumes, present potential substrates for soil reclamation.

Recent progress of porous cage materials in sample preparation, chromatographic separation, and detection.

Porous cage materials with certain dimensions, sizes, shapes, and functions have been regarded as promising materials for sample preparation, chromatographic separation, and detection process. In contrast to infinite frameworks such as metal-organic frameworks or covalent organic frameworks, porous cage materials are constructed from discrete molecules containing at least one internal cavity. The well-defined cavities in porous cage materials provide opportunities for non-covalent interactions.